Anno̱pa Áhoyo | Chahta Anno̱pa Miya Ka̱

Anno̱pa Áhoyo

A B Ch F H I K L M N O P S T W Y

A a

á v applic pfx marker appearing before a verb to specify a location: in, from, place where also áy- átallakchi n jail

a̱ prt marker appearing after a noun phrase to indicate an object of a verb

a̱- form of am- my; to me, for me; from me

á bannah v to want (choosing from several items) bannah want

á bonnih v to wrap, roll (something) up in (multiple times or multiple wraps)

á bono̱tah v to be rolled up in, wrapped up in (a blanket) bonótah

á fokkah v to be in, be put into fokkah

á hikít iya n start, beginning

-á hi̱natok v sfx should be

á kobáfah v to break off, be broken off

á kobaffih v to break off

á kotchah v to come out of, go out of (something) from kotchah go out

á lhopollih v to live through, experience, go through (something)

á mihchih v to do for (someone) mihchih do

á míti v originating from, coming from, being from (a place) mítih

á mi̱tih v to be coming from (a place) mi̱tih from mítih

á tablih v to cut a piece from (cloth, paper, etc.) from tablih

á toba adj made from tobah become

á wihah v to move out of, move from wihah

aba n up Aba Mi̱ko n God of Heaven

a̱ba conj older word however, instead of

aba anno̱pa long form of abanno̱pa gospel

aba anno̱pa toshóli n preacher, pastor, minister short form abanno̱pa toshóli

aba bohlih v to put away, put up, store from bohlih put (one)

aba hattak n older word angel

aba imma adv upward short form abimma

aba isht iya n newer word something that takes you up: elevator, etc. short form abishtiya

aba isht iyah v to put up (a box, a price), raise (an arm)

a̱ba isht iyah v to take higher, appeal

aba isht talówa var. of aba ishtalówa hymn

aba ishtalówa n hymn, religious hymn or song var. aba isht talówa

aba iyah v to go up, rise see

Aba Mi̱ko n God of Heaven from aba up mi̱ko chief

aba ná áyasháchi n shelf

aba ná áyo̱talohli n shelf

abá pilah v raise see

aba píni n airplane

aba takáchih v to hang up (picture, clock, clothes, etc.)

aba tala n mantel (the shelf above a fireplace)

aba talohlih v to store (food, preserves), put up, put away from talohlih two or more

aba yakni n heaven

ábachi n 1 a practice (for a game, etc.) 2 one who practices

ábachih v 1 to practice 2 teach im ábachih v to teach (someone)

abaksha n chicken snake, western rat snake Pantherophis obsoletus

ábalíli n track (for running) var. áyo̱balíli

abánih v to grill, roast, dry, or cure (food) over fire

abanno̱pa n sermon long form aba anno̱pa

abanno̱pa toshóli short form of aba anno̱pa toshóli preacher

abánokfila n whirlwind

abánokfila chito n tornado

ábaska n place to gamble: casino

abayya n side (of an object)

abayyah v to go around (houses, stores, etc.) abayyat going around (to different places), roaming chokka abayyat roaming from house to house, visiting

abayyat going around (to different places), roaming abayyah

ábichi var. of abíchih

abíchih v to be paid, earn var. ábichi

abih v 1 to kill (something) 2 to win (a game) ikboh n 1 to not win, lose 2 to not kill (someone, something) ilí abih v to kill oneself, commit suicide var. ilíbih im ábih v to beat (someone), defeat (in a game)

abih chakkálih v nineteen, to be nineteen

abíhah v older word to enter (of three or more) var. albíhah see

abíka 1 adj sick, ill 2 n the sick 3 n sickness, disease, illness abíka yósh while sick

abíka apílachi n helper of the sick: nurse

abíka apísachi n caretaker of the sick: nurse

abíka áyásha n where the sick are: hospital

abíka yósh while sick abíka disease

abíkachih v to make sick, sicken

abíkah v to be sick

abíkat tahah v to get sick

ábilhlhih v to stake up, pole (beans, flowers)

abimma short form of aba imma upward

ábina n older word a camp, campsite

ábináchi n a place where a camp has been made: camp, campsite

ábináchih v obsolete to make a camp (for several nights)

ábinah v older word to camp

ábiníli n chair var. ánásha chair

ábiníli ákolókachi n rocking chair

ábiníli chanalli n newer word rolling chair: wheelchair var. ánásha chanalli

ábiníli faláya n a long chair: couch, sofa var. ánásha faláya

abishtiya short form of aba isht iya elevator

abíyah v to go up (of one)

abóha n 1 living room, room 2 inside of the house var. abówa

abóha abíka áyásha n newer word nurse's office

abóha áchisímówa n school gym

Abóha Hilha n House Dance var. Chokka Hilha

abóha itikba n porch

abóha itto̱talówa n building with floors: multi-story building, floors

abóha kallo n jail

abóha kallo abóshi n jail cell

abóha kallo apísachi n prison guard

abóha kallo biníli n prisoner

abóha kallo fokka n prisoner

abóha libishli n heater

abóha óti n stovewood

abóha pa̱shpoli n janitor, custodian

ábohli n place to deposit things (e.g. a cupboard, book depository, etc.)

abohlih 1 idiom to be messy, cluttered like a thicket

abohlih 2 n woods, thicket, forest

ábohlih v to deposit, leave (something)

abóhoshi n small room: closet, etc.

abókafah v to collide, crash, slam into

abólah v to happen intensely and then stop

abonnih v to wrap up (baby, presents, etc)

abóshi n bedroom, small room

abówa var. of abóha room

abówah v to hit, run into, strike ittabówah v to collide, run into each other

aboyyachih v to cause (someone) to climb

aboyyah v to climb up, ascend balít aboyyah v to run up (a hill, etc.)

achaffa mo̱mah n one more

achaffah v one, to be one, be the same var. chaffa áyachaffah v to be one of (a group, family) ibá achaffah v to be as one with ittibá achaffah v to be as one together, agree var. ittibáyachaffah short form ittibá chaffah im achaffah v to have one

achaffah iklannah n one-thirty (1:30), half past one

acháfohchih short form of acháfoli̱chih

acháfoli̱chih v 1 to do bit by bit, a little at a time, divide 2 to space (plants in a garden) short form acháfohchih

acháfo̱wah v to be reduced, lessened, less, fewer

achahpi n chunky (game)

achákalíchih v 1 to add on to, do in addition 2 to continue at a different time

achákalih v to add to acháka̱lit adding to, doing more

acháka̱lit adding to, doing more achákalih

áchakápah v to insult, disrespect var. chakápa o̱chakápah

achápa n partner (in a dance, business, etc.), mate, match (for a sock, etc.) see

achápah v to match, talk back (in the sense of matching someone else)

acháyah v to be attached to (in an emotional sense) acha̱yah v to hit, bump into im acháya v to be (emotionally) attached to (someone or something) ittacháyah v to collide

acha̱yah v to hit, bump into acháyah

-áchi̱ v modal sfx future suffix

a̱chi n quilt

a̱chichih v to cover (another) (with something)

achífah v to wash, clean

áchih v 1 to say (something) 2 called 3 accuse áha̱chih v to say (over and over) im aha̱chih v to keep saying (over and over) to (someone) falammi̱t im áchih v to say (something) back to, reply to, answer im áchih v to say (something) to (someone)

a̱chih v to cover oneself with (a blanket, towel, etc.), put on, wear

-áchikih v sfx emphatic future suffix

áchi̱nih v to seem like, look like var. atchi̱nih

a̱chis n orange (fruit)

-ácho v sfx make sure to (do something), you better (do something)

-ácho̱kí v sfx will definitely

achokma á hoyoh v newer word to hope, to be searching for good

achokmah v to be good, be good at (doing something) achokmat well, good atchokmat adv doing better, right, carefully, correctly im achokmah v 1 to feel good, be well, be happy 2 to like (doing something), love, enjoy ik im achokmoh v to feel bad, not feel well isht im achokmah v to be excited about

achokmah ahnih long form of achokmahnih like

achokmahnih v to like, love long form achokmah ahnih

achokmalih v to do right, fine, good achokma̱lih v to be efficient, better atchokma̱lit adv taking care, doing safely, properly

achokmálih v to like (something), be fond of

achokmat well, good achokmah good

acho̱lih v to sew nán áyacho̱li nán ittacho̱lih v to sew together

achonnáchih v to work hard at, do great at (work, arts, crafts)

acho̱wah v to be sewn

afáchah v to be latched, fastened

afáchalih v to latch, fasten

áfaháta n swing (playground)

áfalammi n north

áfalammi mahli n north wind

afámah v to meet

afammi n 1 year 2 age (when possessed) 3 birthday

Afammi Himóna Nittak n New Year's Day

afammi nittak n birthday

afo n grandfather var. áfo im áfo n his/her grandfather var. máfo

afo sipokni n great-grandfather var. áfo sipokni

áfoha n place to rest: hotel, inn, motel

áh 1 v to be (something)

áh 2 v to say (something) áha̱yah v to say (repeatedly)

a̱h interj yes

aha ahnih v to be careful, pay attention, watch out aha im ahnih v to be cautious of, mindful of, careful of

áhabli n step stool

aháchih var. of ahóchih

áha̱chih v to say (over and over) from áchih im aha̱chih

áhalalli n handle (of a fridge, stove, door, etc.)

ahalláyah v to be concerned, care, show interest isht ahalláyah v to be concerned about, care about, show interest in

aháma n lotion, ointment

aha̱shwah v to stay (of two) from ashwah stay (of two) a̱shwah exist (of two) from ashwah

aha̱ttah v to stay (for an extended time) from attah stay (of one)

áha̱yah v to say (repeatedly) from áh 2

ahchibah v to be boring im ahchibah v to be bored, get tired of (someone or doing something)

ahchíbah v to wait (a small time) im ahchi̱bah

ahchíbakma̱ adv soon

ahchibálih v 1 to be in a rush 2 to be bored or tired of (someone)

ahfóbih var. of hofóbih be deep deep

ahi n 1 potato (for some) 2 sweet potato (for some) var. ahi káshaha ahi toksíli

-ahí v sfx irr2

-ahi̱ var. of áhi̱lah can

ahi cha̱poli sweet potato (for some)

ahi holba n potato

ahi i̱ sho̱shi n ladybug

ahi káshaha var. of ahi potato

-áhí kiyoh sfx can’t (do something), cannot

ahi lhabówa n Irish potato

ahi toksíli var. of ahi potato

ahíka n debt, bill

ahíka hoyo n bill collector

ahíkachih v to give (someone) credit (money), allow to put on credit

ahíkah v to put (an item) on credit

áhikít iya n starting place

áhi̱lah v modal sfx can, may, will, should, would var. -ahi̱ -ahi̱na -áhínah ánah -hi̱na

áhilha n place to dance: dance hall

-ahi̱na var. of áhi̱lah can

-áhínah var. of áhi̱lah can

ahinnachi n security

ahmáko̱ ahni n tolerance

ahmako̱ ahnih v to think about, consider

ahníchih v to like, love

ahnih v 1 to hope, wish, want (something to happen) 2 to think through, decide 3 to know 4 think ittiyahnih v to take an interest in each other, have a crush on each other

ahóbachih v to do like (someone else), to imitate see ahoba̱chih v to trace, copy (writing, designs, etc.)

ahóbah v to seem, look like, appear, be possible ik ahóboh v to be unsuccessful (in finding something) im ahóbah v to seem to (someone), look like (to someone)

ahóbalih v to have concern, be concerned ik ahóbáloh v to not be concerned

áhochífoh v to name after (someone) hochífoh

ahóchih v to find var. aháchih

ahohchifóchih v to name (someone) after

áhokchi n garden

áholábih v to lie about (someone), tell a lie about holábih

áholissochi var. of áyo̱holissochi desk

áhollokchi n garden, planted field

áholohpi n cemetery

áhopóni n where you cook: stove, kitchen

áhopóni ollolhti n stovewood (wood cut to the proper size to fit into a stove)

áhoshi̱tika n shade

áhosho̱wa n toilet

ahówah var. of ahwah seem

ahpalih v to kiss

ahwachih v 1 to pretend 2 to attempt, try 3 act:like see

ahwah v to seem, look like, appear var. ahówah seem im ahwah v to think, reckon amówah v I think, I believe, it seems to me

ak- v Iagr pfx 1sN

-ak n sfx obl

ák ókato as for

akahchih v to knock down

aka̱k chilakwa var. of aka̱ka i̱ chalakwa chicken pox

aka̱k chito turkey

aka̱k i̱ chokka hen house, chicken coop

aka̱k ishki n hen

aka̱k nakni rooster nakni

aka̱ka n chicken (bird) short form ka̱ka aka̱ka hokli n chicken catcher, a job at a poultry factory that involved catching chickens to load onto trucks

aka̱ka ashíla n chicken mush, a dish made by boiling chicken and adding corn meal to the broth.

aka̱ka áwalakshi n chicken and dumplings

aka̱ka hokli n chicken catcher, a job at a poultry factory that involved catching chickens to load onto trucks from aka̱ka chicken hoklih catch

aka̱ka i̱ chalakwa n chickenpox var. aka̱k chilakwa

aka̱ka nipi n chicken meat

aka̱koshi n egg, chicken egg

aka̱koshi apa n chicken snake (western rat snake)

aka̱koshi áyalhto n egg basket

aka̱koshi holba n egg-shaped (oval)

aka̱koshi i̱ lakna n egg yolk

ákala̱pichi n freezer short form kala̱pichi freezer

akallochih v to tighten, glue

akalloh v to be tightly connected, stuck together (like cement, superglue, etc.) ik akalloh v to be loose (of a nail, etc.)

akammih v to close (a door, etc.)

ákapassachi n refrigerator var. ákapassali

ákapassak imma toward the north

ákapassali var. of ákapassachi refrigerator

akchonólih v to bow the head var. akka chonólih

-aki̱ var. of aki̱lih indeed

áki̱li kat as soon as var. áki̱ni kat

aki̱lih sfx ubd stem 1 (one's) own 2 same 3 indeed, surely var. -aki̱ -akíni -aki̱ni aki̱nih

aki̱lish abih v to commit suicide

akílowáchi n heartburn

akílowáchih v to have heartburn

-akíni var. of aki̱lih indeed

-aki̱ni var. of aki̱lih indeed

áki̱ni kat var. of áki̱li kat

aki̱nih var. of aki̱lih indeed

akka n down, bottom, ground, floor comp akka a̱yah a̱yah

akka a̱yah v to walk along (the road) from akka a̱yah be going short form akka̱yah

akka chonólih var. of yakchinólih akchonólih bow

akka ik im iyoh phrase to not back down

akka im ittolah v to drop (accidentally) from (someone)

akka imma adv downward

akka iyah v to go down short form akkiyah see

akka patalhpo rug

akka pilah v to drop (on purpose), throw down, cause to go down

akkatolah v to fall down

akka̱yah short form of akka a̱yah from akka a̱yah

akkiya prt too, also (used after a noun)

akkiyah short form of akka iyah

akkíyah v to go down see im akkiyah v to give in (to another person), give up, back down

akkowáchih v to lower (someone or something)

akkowah v to get off of (a chair, airplane), get down from, step down from

akmo n something sticky: glue, etc.

akmochih v to glue, solder, weld var. akmoshih

akmoh v to be sticky

akmoshih var. of akmochih

akni n older brother or older sister

-akó var. of -ako̱ contrast short form of -ókako̱

-ako̱ var. -akó short form of -ókako̱ contrast

ákobáfa adj broken off

akópahosi var. of akóposi closet

akóposi n closet var. akópahosi

-akósh n case sfx marker appearing after a noun and indicating a subject that is emphasized

akostini̱chi n awareness isht akostini̱chi n understanding of (something)

akostiníchih v to find out, comprehend, understand, get it akostini̱chih v to be aware, be conscious, understand

akshi̱ var. of hakshi̱

akshish n 1 tendon, muscle 2 root var. hakshish root haksis root

akshish baláma n calamus

akshish homakbi n pink root

akshish lakna var. of shinok yololli sarsaparilla

akshish lakna hata 1 n carrot

akshish lo̱bo homma n beet

alah v to arrive here (of one), get here, come here pl. áyalah see álah v to arrive (finally) falámat aha̱lah v to keep coming back (here, of one) falámat alah v to come back (here, of one), come back to, return here falammi̱t isht alah v to bring (something, someone) back (here, of one) im álah v to be here for (someone), come for (someone) isht alah v to bring (someone or something here, of one) nówat alah v to walk here ta̱kla alah v to come with (someone) see

álah v to arrive (finally) from alah of one

alak osi n brother-in-law var. lakós

álashpa n 1 where it’s hot, hot area 2 newer word south

alawwi̱chih v to keep up, to be equal to

alawwih adv equally neg. ik alawwoh inferior

albachi n a practice, teachings

albi n goal, goalpost (in stickball), pole

albíhah var. of abíhah enter (of three or more)

albilhah v older word to be staked up (of beans, flowers)

albitílih v to redo, do again

albiyásha n guard, goalie (in stickball)

a̱lhichih v to take (something) as true, take seriously

a̱lhih v 1 to be true 2 to be real, be serious

alhíha n a word appearing after a noun to indicate a group (whether animate or inanimate): a bunch, a group var. alhíya

alhípa n musical instrument, drum

alhípa chito n drum

alhípa chito bóli n drummer

alhípa chito ikbi n drum maker

alhípa chito isht bóli n drumstick (for a drum)

alhípa ola n radio

alhíposhi n fiddle, violin

alhissah var. of asilhlhah pray

alhíya var. of alhíha

alhkama adj closed

alhkamah v to be closed (of a store, program, etc.)

alhkofáchi var. of askofáchi

alhkofáchi ikbi var. of askofáchi ikbi sash maker

alhkoho̱li var. of alhkóho̱li var. of ilhkoho̱li

alhkóho̱li var. alhkoho̱li var. of ilhkoho̱li from ilhkólih 1

alhkólichih v to cause (three or more) to move var. ilhkólichih short form ilhkóchih

alhkólih v to move, wiggle, sway var. ilhkólih 2

alhlhi post edge (of a table, road, the sea, etc.) comp chíkosi alhlhi ka̱ chíkosih

a̱lhlhi kiyo adv not:hardly

alhlhih 1 v to go as far as, go until (a stop, etc.), reach 2 v as long as, while 3 adv to do always, often a̱lhlhih v to go as far as, be as much as

a̱lhlhih v to go as far as, be as much as from alhlhih

alhlhika̱ conj before, until

álho̱pa n where something is pierced: hole (in a wall, shirt, etc.), puncture, perforation

alhpihchik n nest

alhpila n help, assistance

alhpisa adj set, predetermined

alhpisáchih v to make (something) right, do correctly

alhpisah v to be judged, be like alhpísah v to be right, correct, proper, fit, enough ik alhpísoh v to be wrong, mistaken, not right im alhpísah v to be calm, okay ik im alhpísoh v to not feel well, not be right for isht alhpísah v 1 to fit (of clothes), suit 2 to be comfortable alhpi̱sah v to be right

alhpísah v to be right, correct, proper, fit, enough alhpisah ik alhpísoh im alhpísah isht alhpísah

alhpi̱sah v to be right from alhpisah

alhpisáli n fairness, honesty

alhpisálih v to do (something) correctly

alhpishshi n pillow

alhpishshi áfokka n pillowcase

alhposhah v to be baked, roasted see

alhpowa adj tame

alhpowa holisso birth certificate

alhpowah 1 v to be tame

alhpowah 2 v to be born var. alhpówah

alhpówah var. of alhpowah 2

alhtaha adj prepared

alhtahah v to be finished, completed, done, ready ik alhtáhoh v to be incomplete, not ready (of a task, material, food, etc.) im alhtahah v 1 to finish (doing something) 2 to get ready, be ready ik im alhtáhoh v to not be ready

alhtipo tent, teepee

alhtoba 1 n fee, expense 2 v to be paid

alhto̱ba n replacement, alternative, substitute

alhto̱bah v to replace (someone), substitute for, stand in for, fill in for

alhtoh v 1 to enter (of two or more) 2 foka see a̱lhtoh v to be inside (of two) ittibalhtoh v to enter together ittiba̱lhtoh v to be mixed together

alhtoka nittak n election day

alhtokáchih v to designate (someone)

alhtokah v to be designated, elected

alího interj ouch, ow

alikchi n doctor

alikchi apílachi n doctor's assistant: nurse

alikchi ápisa n place where you see a doctor: doctor's office, clinic, hospital

alikchi ino̱chi nan isht haklo n stethoscope

alla n 1 child, young person, kid 2 child of (someone, of any age)

alla alhtakla n orphan

alla ánosi n where a child sleeps: crib, cradle

alla chipo̱ta n little children

alla himitta n teen, teenager

alla im ishi̱sh n woodland pink root Spigelia marilandica

alla nakni n boy nakni

alla okpolot taha n a spoiled child okpolot tahah

alla osi n little child, kid

alla sháli n child carrier: school bus sháli 1 carrier

alla sháli isht a̱ya n school bus driver

alla sha̱lih v to be pregnant, be with child

alla tík n girl

alla tík himitta n young girl (about 12-17), daughter

alla tík osi n young girl (younger than 10)

allosi n baby, toddler

allo̱si n small baby, infant

allo̱si holba n something resembling a child: doll, etc.

almoh v older word to be picked (of ripe fruit, plants, etc.)

áloma n hiding:place

alótachih v to fill (a form, etc.) out

alótah v to be full (of one) see

alótat tahah v to fill up (of a tub, etc.), get full

alótolih v to fill (a container), fill with (something), fill out (a form)

alottowah v to be full (of two or more) see

alówah var. of ayówah

alwasha adj fried

alwashah v to be fried

am- 1 n poss pfx marker appearing before a noun and translating as 'my' 2 pro pfx marker appearing before a verb and translating as 'to me', 'for me', or 'from me' also a̱- sa̱- sam- see contr amówah ahwah

ammi possessive pronoun older word mine

ammómih adv 1 not at all, to any extent 2 completely

ammónah v to be first see

ammót doing completely, really

amoh v to pick (cotton, vegetables, beans--not potatoes or carrots)

amówah v I think, I believe, it seems to me contr am- my; to me, for me; from me im ahwah think ahwah

ána var. of áyonah of three or more

ánáchífa n place to wash clothes: laundromat, laundry, etc.

ánah var. -ína var. of áhi̱lah can

anak fíhna pro I:myself

anák illah by myself, just me illah only

anak máko me too, I also

anakbánoh just me, by myself

anakshowáchih v to singe (something)

anaktapa adj greedy

anaktípoli var. of hinakbitípoli rainbow

análhah v to be nailed

analhlhichih v to nail

analhlhih v to nail (something) in

ánásha var. of ábiníli chair chair

ánásha chanalli var. of ábiníli chanalli wheelchair

ánásha faláya var. of ábiníli faláya couch

anáto pro I, as for me, myself (distinguishing yourself from someone else)

ani n fruit, berry, seed, cone comp tiyak ani pine cone tiyak

aníchi n abscess, sore

anih v to pour into (a container), fill, put (a liquid) in see

annólih v to finally tell on (someone) from anólih

anno̱pa n 1 word, language, message, news 2 language

anno̱pa átobah v to be talked about

anno̱pa holítopa tishóli n preacher, minister, pastor

anno̱pa ilbashsha n prayer from ilbashshah to be poor, pitiful, impoverished, humble

anno̱pa ilbashsha asilhhah v to pray asilhlhah

anno̱pa imítoshólih v to interpret for (someone) anno̱pa toshólih 2 interpret

anno̱pa kallo n harsh words anno̱pa kallo onohchih condemn

anno̱pa kallo onohchih v older word to swear (someone) in, take an oath from (someone) ph. v. of anno̱pa kallo harsh words

anno̱pa kashápa n parts of language: words, verses in the Bible, verses in a poem, etc.

anno̱pa miha n a promise

anno̱pa noktálachi n counselor

anno̱pa okpolo n insult, cuss, swear word, bad word

anno̱pa onohchi n prosecutor

anno̱pa tishóli var. of anno̱pa toshóli translator

anno̱pa toshóli n translator, interpreter var. anno̱pa tishóli

anno̱pa toshólih 1 var. of anno̱pa toshólih 2 interpret

anno̱pa toshólih 2 v to interpret, translate var. anno̱pa toshólih 1 anno̱pa imítoshólih v to interpret for (someone)

annowah v to be told

ano pro 1 I, me 2 mine

-ano n case sfx 1 marker indicating that the preceding phrase is a topic and also not a subject 2 ac2

ano ak kiya me too, I also, me as well -kiya

ano aki̱lih 1 myself 2 mine indeed

anoho̱lih 1 v to tell (repeatedly) from anólih

anoho̱lih 2 v to keep talking, talk about

anóka sp. var. of ano̱ka

ano̱ka post inside, within, in sp. var. anóka

ano̱ka fokka n slip (article of clothing)

ano̱kálhto n drawer

anokbikílih v to be stuffed (from eating)

anokchi̱toh v to depend on

anokfila n mind, thought

anokfillih v to think about (something), consider, wonder

anokfohka post internally

anokfohki sp. var. of anokfokkih instill

anokfo̱kka n something deep within: desires, feelings, emotions

anokfo̱kkah v to be in (someone’s thoughts), be on one's mind

anokfokkih v to instill (in someone's mind) sp. var. anokfohki see

anokhobílah v older word to be angry, furious

anokkilli n hatred

anoklhaka̱chah 1 v to be astonished, excited 2 to be startled, frightened

anoklhamallih v to drown on (water, etc.), choke on (a liquid), have a liquid go up the nose var. noklhamallih oklhamallih

anokpallichi n excitement

anokpallih 1 v to sneak up on

anokpallih 2 v to desire

anoksho̱fah var. of anokshowah 2

anokshomo̱tah v to be furious

anokshowah 1 var. of anokshowah 2

anokshowah 2 v to be singed off (of hair or skin) var. anoksho̱fah anokshowah 1

anokta̱pa adj older word greedy, insatiable, unsatisfiable

anokwiyah v to be afraid (to do or say something)

anólih v 1 to tell (a story, etc.) 2 to tell on (someone) annólih v to finally tell on (someone) anoho̱lih 1 v to tell (repeatedly) a̱t im anólih v to come and say (something) to (someone) im anólih v to tell (something) to (someone)

ano̱poho̱li v speak (repeatedly or for a long time) from ano̱polih

anópolih sp. var. of ano̱polih

ano̱polih v to speak, talk sp. var. anópolih ano̱poho̱li v speak (repeatedly or for a long time) im ano̱polih v to speak to (someone) isht ano̱polih v to discuss, talk about

anoshkonnah v to idolize, love (something)

ánosi n bed

ano̱t short form of ano̱ti again

anóti sp. var. of ano̱ti again

ano̱ti adv again, then again, on the other hand, and then sp. var. anóti short form ano̱t

ánówa 1 n track (of an animal) 2 walkway, path, sidewalk

apah v to eat (a specific food) see

apakfoblih v to wrap (something) around (something)

apakfópah v to go around (a chair, etc.), surround var. apakfówah

apakfówah var. of apakfópah

apakna 1 n top 2 post above, on top of short form pakna top

apaknaka̱ post above short form paknaka apakna̱ka̱ n just above, right above

apakna̱ka̱ n just above, right above apaknaka̱ above

ápala n skillet, frying pan

apalhih v older word to lurk, prowl

ápallaska n baking pan

apánaklochih var. of apónaklochih

apánokfila silik toba n cocoon, chrysalis

apat pisah v to taste (a food), try eating

ápata var. of a̱pata plate

a̱pata n plate var. ápata

apátah v to be sitting or lying beside, get beside, be next to see apa̱tah v to be right next to

apa̱tah v to be right next to apátah beside

api n 1 plant stem, tree trunk 2 wooden handle 3 tree (in names of trees)

apíhah v to be with (someone, of three or more) ittapíhah v to be together (of a group of people)

apílachi n aide, assistant, helper, volunteer

apílah v to help, assist ittapílah v to help each other

apíli n older word hurricane

ápisa n window, mirror var. ná ápisa

ápisa tala n window sill

apísachih v to guard, watch (a child)

apísa̱chih v 1 to watch, keep an eye on 2 be:careful

apísah 1 v 1 to accuse 2 decide

apísah 2 v 1 to measure 2 to host, arrange, organize

apishshiya var. of apishshiyáchi porch

apishshiyáchi n porch var. apishshiya

apishshiyáchi o̱poholmo n porch roof

ápisóshi n little window, mirror

apissah v to be straight

apissalih v to straighten (something), straighten (a person) out (with advice, correction, etc.) apissa̱lit going straight to (a place), directly

apissa̱lit going straight to (a place), directly apissalih

apistikílih v to tease, disturb, bother, pester

ápittah v 1 to put (more than one thing) in 2 to pour (a liquid) into see

a̱po n bowl

apo̱fachih v to blow into (an instrument,

apoksháma n diaper var. apokshammo

apokshammichih v to change a diaper

apokshammo var. of apoksháma diaper

apónaklochih v to ask (someone) (something) var. apánaklochih short form ponaklochih

ápópowáchih v to cover over (as when covering roots with dirt)

aposhlichih v to bake (bread) see

aposhlih v to bake (of bread), roast (of meat) see

apótah v to be beside, sit or lie beside

ápótah v to borrow (something) from (someone)

apotkachi parallel

ásanálih v to be opposite (of someone), against (someone) ittiyásanálih v 1 to be opposite of each other 2 to be conflicting, against each other, opposed

ásh suffix 1 marker used after a noun phrase that was mentioned previously (often translating as ‘the’ or ‘that’) 2 marker used after a noun phrase from the past also yásh

asháchih v to set down, put down (two or more objects, such as firewood, food, etc). im asháchih v to provide (something) for (someone), take (two or more) to

áshah v 1 to live, stay, reside (of two or more) 2 to be doing something (used with a preceding verb) var. ayyásha see im a̱shah v to have (three or more objects)

a̱shah v to be sitting there (of one or more people or animals)

áshaka var. of a̱shaka

a̱shaka 1 post behind 2 n butt, posterior var. áshaka

ashána adj locked

asha̱na adj locked, screwed on

ashannichih v to lock, screw on

ashannih v to lock, screw on

ashíkono̱pah v to be tangled (of hair, thread, etc.)

ashíla n a kind of food usually made with chicken and cornmeal: cornmush

ashílichih v to wind (something like thread) around (something)

ashippah v to cool, get cold (of food)

ashko n dishes

áshko áchífa var. of ashko áyachífa kitchen sink

ashko ásháchi short form of áyishko áyasháchi

ashko áyachífa n kitchen sink var. áshko áchífa

áshobolli n chimney

ásho̱ka var. of ná ishko ásho̱ka drinking straw

ashsha n mistake, sin

ashshachi n 1 sin 2 hell

ashshachih v to be wrong about (something), be inaccurate about (something), sin

ashshali̱chit (do) quickly, hurry up and (do, before something happens) short form ashshali̱t

ashshali̱ka adv immediately

ashshali̱t short form of ashshali̱chit

ashshowah v to smell, sniff see

ashwah v to stay at, live at (of two) see aha̱shwah v to stay (of two) a̱shwah v to be there, exist (of two) see hn-gr aha̱shwah ashwah

a̱shwah v to be there, exist (of two) from ashwah stay (of two) see aha̱shwah

asihha var. of asilhlhah

asilhhah var. of asilhlhah

asilhlha shahli n beggar

asilhlhah v 1 to request, ask for 2 to pray for var. alhissah pray asihha asilhhah anno̱pa ilbashsha asilhhah v to pray im asilhlhah 1 to beg (someone) for (something) 2 to pray to (someone) for (something)

asíta n older word rawhide rope or string, leather string

ásítah v 1 to want something, desire something 2 to want (something) from someone

askofáchi n sash var. alhkofáchi

askofáchi i̱ tali takáli n belt buckle

askofáchi ikbi n sash maker var. alhkofáchi ikbi

aso̱k var. of asónak bucket

asónak n bucket, pail var. aso̱k

assano n adult, grown up

assanóchi var. of assano̱chi

assano̱chi n an elder, older person, senior var. assanóchi

assano̱chi áyásha n nursing home

assanóchih v to raise (a child)

assano̱chih v to be an elder

assanoh v to grow up ik assa̱noh v to not be old enough

at prt marker used after a noun phrase to indicate the subject of a sentence sp. var. -t also yat

a̱t directional marker appearing before a verb to indicate that the subject comes and does the action: come and (do)

a̱t chokwah v to come into (a house, car, etc.), come get in chokwah enter (of one)

a̱t hikíyah to come and stand (of one) hikíyah of one

a̱t i̱ wílih v to come offer (money, etc.) to (someone) wílih

a̱t im anólih v to come and say (something) to (someone) anólih

a̱t i̱pah v to come eat i̱pah

a̱t ishih v to come take ishih

a̱t ittahobah v to come gather, come meet ittahóbah

a̱t iyah v to pass by (of one), come by, go by iyah of one see

áta̱blih v to do (something) too much; excessive

ata̱foh var. of hata̱foh hail

a̱tah sp. var. of a̱ttah exist (of one) from attah

átaha 1 adj empty 2 n tired out

atahlih v to prepare, set

átakáchi n a place to hang something: hanger (for clothes, pictures, stickball sticks, etc.)

átakáli n where something can hang: a frame

ataklama n worries, problems

ataklamah v to have a lot going on, to worry isht ataklamah v 1 to worry about 2 to be bothered

atakla̱mah v to be busy

ataklammih v to bother, nag

átallakchi n jail á takchih

átalówa n where one sings: songbook from talówah

áta̱pa n the rest, the remainder, extras

atápachi n stopper (for a bath, sink etc.), plug, brakes

atápachih v to stop (something or someone)

átapah v to be excessive, do excessively, do too much áta̱pah v 1 to be too much, be excessive 2 to do something too much, excessively im áta̱pah v to be too big for

áta̱pah v 1 to be too much, be excessive 2 to do something too much, excessively átapah im áta̱pah

atápochih v to button

átashki bed

atayyah v to lean against

atchi̱nih var. of áchi̱nih

atchokma̱lit adv taking care, doing safely, properly achokma̱lih better from achokmalih

atchokmat adv doing better, right, carefully, correctly achokmah good

atíblichih v to press on, compress something, like a wire

atílichih v to compact, pat down

átiwáchi n mixer, mixing bowl, stirrer

átiya n 1 bathroom, restroom 2 where someone goes: path, etc.

ato determiner, pronoun marker used after a noun phrase to bring up a topic: where is (someone)? what about (someone)?

-ato n case sfx marker indicating that the preceding phrase is a topic and also a subject

atobbih v to pay (something) var. ato̱bbih im atobbih v to pay to (someone)

ato̱bbih var. of atobbih

atoblichi n encouragement

atoblichih v to encourage

atohchínah third, to be third isht atohchínah to be third of (a group)

atohnah v to be assigned to

atohnochi orders, authorization

atohnochih v 1 to encourage or instruct (someone) to do (something) 2 to sic (a dog on someone), have attack var. ohnochih

-átok n sfx topic

átokásh v because of (something in the past)

atokkoh v to take shelter

atokkonáfah v to be close (of a time or date)

atokkowah v to tell the truth, be fair, equal, be exactly

atokla̱chih v to do twice atokla̱t doing a second time long form atokla̱chit

atokla̱chit long form of atokla̱t atokla̱chih

atoklah v to be second isht atoklah v to be second of (kids in a family, etc.)

atokla̱t doing a second time atokla̱chih long form atokla̱chit

atókolih v to appoint, assign, pick, vote for

atókówah v to kiss

áto̱ksali n worksite

átóli n ball park, ball game

atóni hattak n guard

átónih v to swarm (of bugs, etc.)

átoyya n ladder, stairs, steps

attah v 1 to stay, live (someplace) (of one) 2 to behave see aha̱ttah v to stay (for an extended time) a̱ttah v to be (in a place, of one), stay sp. var. a̱tah see awa̱t a̱ttah v to stay with (someone) ibá a̱ttah v to stay with (someone) ta̱kla a̱ttah v to stay with (someone) attat nówah v to travel, move from place to place isht attah v 1 to mess with, pick at, fiddle with 2 to do (an activity), do (something that is not your main occupation), mess around with

a̱ttah v to be (in a place, of one), stay from attah stay (of one) see sp. var. a̱tah awa̱t a̱ttah ibá a̱ttah ta̱kla a̱ttah

attat a̱yah v to wander, hang around, visit

attat nówah v to travel, move from place to place from attah stay (of one) nówah

awah achaffah v eleven, to be eleven

awah hannálih v sixteen, to be sixteen

awah oshtah v fourteen, to be fourteen

awah o̱tohchínah v eighteen, to be eighteen

awah o̱tokloh v seventeen, to be seventeen

awah tahlhápih v fifteen, to be fifteen

awah tohchínah v thirteen, to be thirteen

awah tokloh v twelve, to be twelve

áwalhallichi n boiler

awánablichih v to exceed, go over

awánablih v to cross over (a road, a lake, etc.), go over falámat awánablih v to cross back over (a river, etc.)

Awánablit O̱t Iya n Passover

áwashli short form of áyawashli frying pan

awashlih v to fry

awa̱t doing along with

awa̱t a̱ttah v to stay with (someone) a̱ttah exist (of one) from attah

awa̱t iyah v to go along with (somebody) iyah of one

awa̱t mi̱tih v to come with (someone) mi̱tih from mítih

awáta adj wide

awátah v to be wide ik awátoh v to be narrow, not wide

awattah var. of owattah hunt PNW 03-10-22 this is used more nowadays

awáyah v to marry (someone)

áwinákachi n rocking chair

áwiyachi n a swarm (of birds, insects, etc.)

áy- form of á

ayábichi n a place to make money

áyachaffah v to be one of (a group, family) achaffah be one one

a̱yah v 1 to be going about, going around, moving about 2 to be present, here, be in (a place) 3 to be doing akka a̱yah v to walk along (the road) short form akka̱yah falámat im a̱yah v to come back to (someone) isht a̱yah v 1 to carry, bring 2 to drive (a car, etc.) 3 to take care of, manage takla a̱yah v to be going with (someone)

áyakmoh v to stick to

áyakshochi n funeral

áyakshochih v to have a funeral var. áyikshochih

áyalah pl. of alah of one

áyalbi n older word goal (in stickball, for example)

áya̱lhi n truth, justice

áya̱lhih v to be true

áyásha n place where (things or people are)

áyasháchi var. of áyishko áyasháchi

áyáshah v to stay at, live at (of three or more) see

áyatókoli n a place where you vote, voting booth

áyatta n dwelling, place of residence

áyattah v to reside at a place (singular)

áyawashli n something to fry in: frying pan short form áwashli

áyáya n cry ceremony

ayihlichih v to wash hair (of another)

ayihlih v to wash one’s own hair

áyikshochih var. of áyakshochih

áyilípisa n mirror

áyimábachi abóha n classroom

áyimma n mind

ayína var. of ayi̱na

ayi̱na to be added, in addition, too, also var. ayína

áyi̱pa n table

áyíshi n handle

áyishih v 1 to pick out 2 to get the hang of, pick up (a skill)

áyishko n cup, coffee cup

áyishko áyasháchi n where you put dishes: cupboard, cabinet var. áyasháchi short form ashko ásháchi

áyishko malassa n saucer

áyisht hikít iyah v to begin at (a place) hikít iyah start iyah

ayiskachih v 1 to clean (house, yard) 2 to prepare (food)

ayiskah v to fix, repair

áyittafáma n gathering place

áyittanáha n church

áyittatóba n store, trading post

áyittibi n war Áyittibi Lhopolli I̱ Nittak n Veterans Day

Áyittibi Lhopolli I̱ Nittak n Veterans Day from áyittibi

áyittichákali n joint, connection, juncture, fork in the road

ayo̱ba adj better

ayo̱bah v 1 to not be good 2 to be good

ayo̱bah kiyo v to be ugly, not good, messed up

ayo̱ba̱kat doing in a good way

áyo̱balíli var. of ábalíli

áyo̱biníli n chair

áyo̱biníli foyókachi

áyo̱cho̱li n something you write on: blackboard, etc.

áyo̱cholóli n descendant

áyo̱cholólih v to descend from, grow from

áyo̱hikíya n foundation (of a house)

áyohmichih v to do like this

áyo̱holissochi n place for writing: desk, journal var. áholissochi áyo̱holossochi

áyo̱holossochi var. of áyo̱holissochi desk

áyokámi n washpan, sink

áyokchi

ayokchilhílih v to stare at var. okchifílih

áyokla n kin, relation

áyokli adj beautiful

ayókomah v be confused, jumbled together, shuffled

ayókomih v to shuffle, mix up

ayokpachih v to welcome, acknowledge, greet ayokpa̱chih v to approve of

ayokpa̱chih v to approve of from ayokpachih

ayokpalih v 1 to approve of (someone), accept 2 to greet, welcome

áyokpolóka n terrible place, hell, tragedy

áyokshinilli n place to swim: swimming pool

ayommah v to be mixed in ik ittayammoh to not have enough, not mix together (like oil and water)

ayommih v to mix

áyonah v to arrive there (of three or more) var. ána see falámat áyónah v to come back there to (of three or more), get back to, return to falámat im áyónah v to return there to (someone, of three or more), go back there to

ayonókachih v to root up (like hogs or armadillos) var. woshóchih

áyopi n bathtub, shower

áyópisa n exhibition, show from yópisah

áyópisa chito n fair

áyo̱taláya n base, foundation

áyo̱talóha n place things are set on: shelf, a rack

áyóti n a place to build a fire: fireplace, fire pit

ayówah v to pick up, gather (more than one) var. alówah ayyowah ayyówah

ayyabíchih v to make worse (health, a situation)

ayyabih v to be worse (of an illness or injury)

ayyasha var. of ayyásha var. of áshah

ayyásha var. ayyasha var. of áshah plural subject

ayyichiffichi n merlin, pigeon hawk

ayyoka every

ayyokálih v 1 to be different (of things, places, etc.) 2 every

ayyokpalih v to make happy, please, bring gladness

ayyowah var. of ayówah

ayyówah var. of ayówah

B b

-bá n sfx only, all see

bachálih v 1 to put (one) across 2 to put (one) in a row see

bacháya n a row see

bacháyah v to get in a row (of one) see bacha̱yah v to be lying across

bachóha n rows see iti bachóha n footbridge (made of several logs)

bachóhah v to get into rows (of two or more) see

bachólih v to put (two or more) in rows see

bafáha n bush, underbrush

baháfah v to get poked, jabbed

bahaffih v to poke, jab

bahcha n ridge

Bahcha Mala̱ta n Crystal Ridge

bahlih v to puncture

bahpo n nut and corn pudding

bahta n bag, sack

baiyi n white oak sp. var. bayyi

baiyi holba n chestnut oak

bakbak n woodpecker (any kind)

bakka̱hah v to beat (with stick, bat, etc.) var. pakka̱hah

bakówa adj spotted with large spots, dappled

balaklih v to push oneself up, crawl up

balálih v to crawl

balalli n vine or stem that grows out, creeping or running vine

balámachih v to cause to smell good ná isht balámachi n air freshener

balámah v to smell (of a fragrance, something burnt)

Balba̱cha n 1 New Orleans 2 Lower Mississippi river

balbáha n speaker of a foreign language

balbáhah v to speak a foreign or unknown language

Balbahatcha n Lower Mississippi river (Foreign language speaker river)

balíchih v to run (vehicle, device, etc.), start, set

balíli n runner

balílih v to run (of one) see balihlih v to dash, run off quickly bali̱lih v to be running (of a person or motor)

balít running

balít aboyyah v to run up (a hill, etc.) aboyyah

bálokka n pants

bálokka anóka fokka n underwear (men's)

bálokka tapa n shorts

bálokkosi n underwear

balop n slippery elm tree

banáha n corn shuck bread see

banáya n a ridge for planting, corn ridge

bannah v 1 to want 2 to try (to do something) 3 to need (to do) see á bannah v to want (choosing from several items)

bánoh v 1 to be altogether, only (of a certain way) 2 to be alone, by oneself, nothing but 3 to be bare, naked 4 times, by (in multiplication) see iyyi bánoh v to be barefoot

basáchih v to snap (the fingers)

basah n pike fish

basha n a cut, incision

bashah v to be cut (as by a knife, broken glass)

basha̱kchi n common elder, elderberry

ba̱shkah v to be friendly, be good-natured

bashlih v to cut (with a knife, broken glass)

bashokcha n black sumac

bashpo n knife

bashposhi n small knife (e.g. a paring knife)

bashshih v to wilt

bashto n overcup oak

baskah v to game, gamble, play with cards

baso̱lash n bile, gall

baso̱lash áyalhto n gall bladder

basówah v to be striped

bati n white sumac

bayyi sp. var. of baiyi white oak

bichollih v to bend (a stick, wire, etc.)

bichótah v to bend (as a stem, tree trunk, etc.)

bihhi n mulberry sp. var. bihi

bihhi api n mulberry tree

Bihhi Áyásha n Place of Mulberries (Pearl River Community) short form Biyásha

bihhi chito n fig

bihhi chito api n fig tree

Bihhi hashi n Mulberry month (May)

bihi sp. var. of bihhi mulberry

-bíka sp. var. of bíkah

bíkah v adv2 sfx to do all the time sp. var. -bíka

bi̱kah 1 v to be like, similar 2 adv both

bikílih v to have tightness of the stomach, difficulty breathing, feel faint

bikoblih v to bud, blossom, sprout

bila n lard, shortening, oil, grease

bila chapka n cockroach

bila palah n oil lamp, kerosene lamp

bila sokko n gravy

bila tahli n cockroach

biláchih to melt (something)

bilah v to dissolve, melt (of butter, etc.)

bilásapi n sugarcane

bilásis n syrup, molasses

bilhiblih v older word to point (somebody) out see

bilhípah v to get down on hands and knees

bilhkan var. of ibilhkan

bilhlhih v to point at see

bilihlih var. of bilílih

bili̱ka post nearby, near, close to, beside

bili̱kachih v to move (something) close to

bili̱kah v to be close, approach

bilílih v to dissolve, melt (sugar, butter, etc.) var. bilihlih

bilíyah v 1 to keep going, keep on 2 to happen for a very long time billíyah v to always (do something)

bilokchi n kerosene, lamp oil

bilokchi palah n oil lamp

bim n the roaring sound of a large fire or a large river, the boom of something falling

bina n

bináchi n a camp

bináchih v to camp out (for one night)

biníchih short form of binílichih

binílichih v to cause (one) to sit, seat short form biníchih see

binílih v 1 to sit (of one) 2 to hold a job, position see bini̱lih v to be sitting (of one) var. bini̱nih o̱ binílih v 1 to sit on (of one) 2 to ride (a horse, bicycle, etc., of one) o̱t binílih v to go sit

bini̱nih var. of bini̱lih be sitting from binílih

binít áyi̱cho̱li n desk

binohchih short form of binohlichih two or more

binohlichih v to set (two or more) down short form binohchih see

binohlih v to sit (of three or more) see binohma̱yah v to be sitting (of three or more)

bishkokok n robin

bishkommak n cardinal, tanager

biskinik n yellow-bellied sapsucker

bissa n blackberry or raspberry

bissa api n blackberry (cane or plant)

Bissa hashi n Blackberry month (June)

bisso̱találi var. of hayyo̱találi southern dewberry

bita n headband, headwrap

bita̱lih v to be cracked (like the crust of cornbread)

bitílih v to put on, wear (a headband or headwrap)

biyakak n hawk, chickenhawk var. biya̱kak

biya̱kak var. of biyakak

Biyásha short form of Bihhi Áyásha

biyo̱kko n strawberry

bohlih v to put, place, store (one) see aba bohlih v to put away, put up, store pit bohlih v to place it there

bohpoli n Choctaw little people var. kowánokásha

bohpolih v older word to throw, toss, sling (one)

bók n creek

Bók Chito n Bogue Chitto community (Big Creek)

Bók Homma n Red Creek (Bogue Homa community)

bokáfah v to pop once (of a balloon, blister, etc.), burst, explode see

bokaffih v to pop (a balloon, etc.) once, break open, burst see

bokahlichih v to pop (balloons, fireworks, etc.) more than once see

bokahlih v to pop more than once (of popcorn, machine gun, etc.) see

bokbokih v to be speckled (like ‘salt and pepper’ hair), roan

bokkáchih v to beat once (as with a plank)

bokka̱hah v to beat several times (as with a plank)

bokko n mound, hillock, knoll, bank

bókoshi n creek

bókoshi nani n sun perch

bóktapa var. of oktapa dam dam

bolaffih var. of lobaffih

bóli ola n drum beat

bólih v to hit, beat ishit bólih v to hit with (stones, a ball, etc.)

bolokta n square

bolokta faláya n rectangle

bolómas n women’s underwear, panties

bonnih v to roll up, wrap up

bonótah v to curl up (like a baby), roll up, wrap up á bono̱tah v to be rolled up in, wrapped up in (a blanket)

boshah v to be wrung out see

boshlih v to wring out (a rag, etc.) see

boshollichih v to break into pieces (a dollar bill into smaller amounts), crumble

bota n flour

botólih v to grind

botolli n pieces (broken or chipped)

bówah v to be beaten (physically)

Ch ch

-cha 1 v sfx ss sp. var. -chá

-cha 2 prt really?

chá sp. var. of -hchá ss

-chá sp. var. of -cha 1

chafah v to run, be able to run (of an engine, etc.) cha̱fah v to be running (of an engine, etc.) ik cháfoh v to not start (of an engine), not run, not turn on, not work

cha̱fah v to be running (of an engine, etc.) chafah

chaffa var. of achaffah be one one

chaffichih v 1 to send (one person, etc.) to (a place) 2 to turn on (a light, a car) see falammi̱t chaffichih v to send (someone) back to (a place) i̱ chaffichih v 1 to send (someone, something) to, for (someone else) 2 to start up (a car) for, crank up (a car)

cháha adj tall

cháhah v to be tall, high

cháhalíchih v to go higher

chahi n hoe

Chahta n Choctaw Chahta im isht talówa n Choctaw hymns

Chahta anno̱pa n Choctaw language

Chahta fokka lo̱bo var. of Chahta i̱ fokka lo̱bo Choctaw shirt

Chahta hilha n Choctaw dance

Chahta hilha i̱ talówa n Choctaw chanter

Chahta i̱ fokka lo̱bo n Choctaw shirt var. Chahta fokka lo̱bo Chahta lokka lo̱bo

Chahta i̱ fokka lo̱bo ikbi n Choctaw shirt maker var. Chahta lokka lo̱bo ikbi

Chahta i̱ lokka n Choctaw dress

Chahta i̱ lokka ikbi n Choctaw dress maker

Chahta ilífokka var. of Chahta im ilífokka

Chahta ilífokka ikbi n Choctaw clothing maker

Chahta im anno̱pa the language of the Choctaw

Chahta im ilífokka n Choctaw traditional clothing var. Chahta ilífokka

Chahta im isht talówa n Choctaw hymns from Chahta Choctaw

Chahta imma n 1 Choctaw culture 2 in the Choctaw way

Chahta immi n Choctaw lifeways

Chahta lokka lo̱bo var. of Chahta i̱ fokka lo̱bo Choctaw shirt

Chahta lokka lo̱bo ikbi var. of Chahta i̱ fokka lo̱bo ikbi

Chahta talówa n Choctaw song, Choctaw singer

Chahtanno̱pa im ábachi n Choctaw language teacher ná im ábachi ná 1

chahto n drought

chakápa var. of áchakápah insult

chakchak n red-bellied woodpecker

chakcho n maple tree

chakcho imóshi var. of chakcho kallo

chakcho kallo n sugar maple tree var. chakcho imóshi

cha̱kih n chunky (game)

chakippa n gizzard

chakkálih v nine, to be nine

chakla n oyster

chakófah v to be notched (of one) see

chakohlichih v to notch (two or more) var. chakohlih see

chakohlih var. of chakohlichih notch (two or more)

chako̱li n decoration

chako̱lih v to decorate

chakówah v to be notched (of two or more) see

chala̱kah v to scream

chalakbih v to be sticky

chalakwa n measles, skin disease

chalakwah v to have measles, a skin disease var. chilakwah

cha̱lhachchi n brown thrasher var. cha̱lhakchi

chalhákachih v to rattle

cha̱lhakchi var. of cha̱lhachchi brown thrasher

chalhakwa n copperhead snake Agkistrodon contortrix

cha̱lhchahah v to cackle

chalhlhih v to split (wood, rivercane, etc.)

chalhpi n bark (from a dead tree)

cha̱lih v to chop (with an axe), mow (grass), peck

chamáhachih var. of chamákachih ring

chamákachih v to ring (like a bell) var. chamáhachih

-chámo v sfx long:ago

chanáfila n smooth blackhaw

chanáha n wheel, ring, disk

chanáhah v to roll, turn round (of a wheel, disc)

chanakbih v older word to be bent (of metal)

chanallichih v to roll (a tire, etc.)

chanallih v to roll (of a wheel, etc.)

chanashshik n wasp sp. var. chinashshik chishik var. chashshik

cha̱pko n shin

cha̱políchih v to sweeten, season (food)

cha̱polih v to be sweet, tasty i̱ cha̱polih v to like (a food, candy, drink etc.)

cha̱sah v to scream (of a siren), ring (of ears)

chasákachih v to tap, clink (the sound of something hitting metal or glass)

chásh v sfx marker appearing after a nonfinal verb and indicating a remote past: when (something happened) long ago, that (someone did something) long ago var. ohchásh

cha̱sha n to rattle (like a rattlesnake)

chasháhachih v to rustle (of leaves, etc.)

chashap n katydid

cha̱shpo adj way, way, way, back dinosaurs and big bugs.

chashshik var. of chanashshik wasp

chassalah v to be bent over backwards

cha̱yah v to be chopped (as of wood)

chi- 1 your 2 you 3 you 4 2sII

-chi 1 v > v sfx caus

-chi 2 v sfx wonder

chi̱ var. of chim

chi̱- 1 n pfx 2sIII var. chi̱- 2

chi̱- 2 var. of chi̱- 1

chi̱cha n ginger

chi̱chis n older word bed bug

chícho prt marker used to express 'it better be'

chifak n 1 something sharp and pointed: nail (the tool), pitchfork, etc. 2 fork var. chofak

chifak isht i̱pa var. of chofak isht i̱pa fork

chifak kamassa ishit nalhlhi n nail gun

chifakoshi var. of chofákoshi needle

chifakosi var. of chofákoshi needle

chíhah v to sit (of two)

chi̱hah v to be sitting (of two) var. chi̱yah see

Chihówa n God

Chihówa Oshi Falámat Tánih Nittak n Easter

chik- v pfx 2sN

Chikásha n Chickasaw

chikchik n winter wren Troglodytes hiemalis

chikchiki n dots, spots, polkadots

chikchikih v to be speckled, spotted, dotted

chiki̱bah prt it’s not really that way, yeah right (joking phrase)

chikíchih v 1 to poke, jab 2 to give an injection, shot

chíkikásh adv a little while ago, not too long ago

chikissa n plain, ordinary

chikki̱hah v to punch through, poke through

chikkósih quickly

chíkkosikma̱ adv soon

chiko̱lih v to cut unevenly

chíkosi alhlhi ka̱ adv for a little while from chíkosih alhlhi edge

chíkosih adv in a moment, soon chíkosi alhlhi ka̱ adv for a little while

chíkosih nokówa n easily angered person

chíkosikásh adv a very short time ago, recently

chilakwah var. of chalakwah

chila̱tak n older word red-headed woodpecker

chila̱takholba n older word pelican

chila̱wa var. of hala̱chala̱wa lizard

chilhlhi̱hah v to poke (a fire)

chilhlhinóha n sore spot, ache

chilhlhinóhah v to ache, be sore

chilhlhinówa n sore, ache

chilhpatta n water oak

chílih v to lay (an egg)

chiliswah v to have the measles

chilítah v to be fierce, hateful

chillo̱sah var. of chollo̱sah from chilo̱sah

chilófah v to pay (something) i̱ chilófah v to pay (something) to (someone)

chilok n hole (in the ground)

chilokkah v to shell, shuck (corn, peas, etc.)

chilo̱sah v to be quiet var. cholo̱sah chollo̱sah v to be very quiet var. chillo̱sah

chim 1 your (used before most nouns) 2 to you, for you (used before verbs) var. chi̱

chimá phrase from you (2nd person dative marker + locative marker)

chinashshik sp. var. of chanashshik wasp

chiniffih v to pinch

chinísa n midget, runt

chinissa n chipmunk

chinólih v to pinch, squeeze (chubby cheeks, a tomato, etc.)

chipi̱tah var. of chipo̱tah of two or more

chipi̱talih var. of chipo̱talih

chipo̱tah v to be small (of two or more) var. chipi̱tah pl sg

chipo̱talih v to make (something) into small pieces var. chipi̱talih

chisha n post oak

chishba could be, might be

chishik sp. var. of chanashshik wasp

chishikta n Spanish oak

chishki your mother

chishnak illah by yourself illah only

chishnakbánoh just you, by yourself

chishnákosh pro you, yourself [2nd person definite focus nominative]

chishnáto 1 pro-form you 2 what about you?

chishno pro 1 you 2 yours

chishno aki̱lih 1 yourself 2 yours indeed

chisímóhah var. of chisímówah

chisímówah v to exercise var. chisímóhah

chiskilik n blackjack oak

chito adj big, large pl

chitoh v to be big, large

Chitókaka n the Lord

chitólih v 1 to turn (the volume) up, do (something) more loudly, increase (the volume or size), amplify 2 to do something hard, loudly chitólit adv doing loudly

chitólit adv doing loudly chitólih

chiyah phrase you are

chi̱yah var. of chi̱hah of two

cho conj 1 or 2 marker at the end of a question

chó interj hey, you! (used instead of saying an in-law’s name)

chobok n sound of forceful entry into the water

chobókachih v to paddle, splash, slap the water

chofak isht i̱pa n fork (utensil) var. chifak isht i̱pa

chofákoshi n 1 needle 2 nail var. chifakoshi chifakosi chofakoshi

chohmih 1 v to be almost, a little, somewhat, kind of, in a limited way, hardly 2 v doing a lot of something 3 v to be a certain way 4 adv usually var. shohmi

cho̱kachih v to startle, surpise, make the heart beat fast (from emotion or exertion)

chokáni n house fly var. shokáni

chokapishano n swamp beech

cho̱kash n heart

Cho̱kash Achokma I̱ Nittak n Valentine’s Day (Loving Heart Day)

cho̱kash apa n animacula (a kind of insect)

cho̱kash holba n heart shape

cho̱kash lashpah idiom to be angry, mad

chokbi var. of chokbika corner

chokbika n corner var. chokbi

chokbika oshta lapálika faláya n rectangle

cho̱kcho n osprey, fish hawk

chokcholih var. of tokcholih

chokchowah v to giggle

chokfalhpowa short form of chokfi alhpowa sheep

chokfalhpowa oshi n lamb

chokfi n rabbit, hare

chokfi alhpowa n sheep short form chokfalhpowa

chokfi hakchoma n rabbit tobacco

chokfi hakshop rabbit skin, rabbit hide

chokfi toba n rabbit game

chokfitohtololhi var. of chokfito̱toli pigmy rattlesnake

chokfito̱toli n pygmy rattlesnake Sistrurus miliarius var. chokfitohtololhi

chokfokówah var. of nokfikówah

chokfolóhah v to be dizzy var. chokfolówah

chokfolólih v to make dizzy

chokfolówah var. of chokfolóhah

cho̱ki n purple martin

chokka n house, home chokka ikbi sho̱shi n dirt dauber (wasp), mud dauber

chokka abayyat roaming from house to house, visiting abayyah

chokka abóha n inside the house

chokka apa̱ta n neighbor

chokka chito áfoha n a big place where people can rest: hotel, motel, etc.

Chokka Hilha var. of Abóha Hilha House Dance

chokka ik im ikshoh to be homeless

chokka ikbi n carpenter, builder

chokka ikbi sho̱shi n dirt dauber (wasp), mud dauber from chokka ikbih make sho̱shi

chokka isht holmo n shingle

chokka iskali áyásha n newer word bank (financial institution)

chokka i̱tola n foundation of a house

chokka lokóli n neighborhood

chokka tikba var. of chokkitikba

chokkachaffa n family, household, family members who live in the same house

chokkásha n family

chokki̱bachóha n rafters

chokkilakbila n whip-poor-will

chokkilissa n abandoned or empty house

chokkitikba n porch var. chokka tikba

chokkosi n shed, closet

chokkosi átiya n outhouse

chokkowa var. of chokwah enter (of one)

chokkowah var. of chokwah enter (of one)

chokkwa var. of chokwah enter (of one)

choklha̱pila var. of choklha̱poli

choklha̱poli n spider web, cobweb var. choklha̱pila

cho̱koba n swallow (bird)

chokoshmi n live oak

chokoshpa n 1 rumor, gossip 2 gossiper

chokoshpah v to gossip isht chokoshpah v to gossip about (someone) see o̱ chokoshpah v to gossip about (somebody) see

chokpala̱tak var. of hachokpala̱tak tree frog

choksonálih v to have a crick in the neck

chokwah v 1 to go in (a house, etc., of one), enter, get in, join (a group) 2 to enter (a website, program), browse (a website), get into (a website, program) var. chokkowa chokkowah chokkwa see a̱t chokwah v to come into (a house, car, etc.), come get in falámat pit chokwah v to go back into (a city, etc.) o̱t chokwah v to go into (a house, car, etc., of one), go enter ta̱kla o̱t chokwah v to go in (a house, etc.) with (someone)

cholah n fox

cholaktoh v to be forked (like a road, slingshot, wishbone, etc.)

cholháfah v to be split in small pieces, splintered see

cholhaffih v to split a small piece (sg.)

cholhahlih v to be split in small pieces, splintered (pl.) see

cholhkan n spider

cholhlhih v to split (rivercane)

chollo̱sah v to be very quiet from chilo̱sah var. chillo̱sah

cholo̱sah var. of chilo̱sah

chona̱fila abi n gad fly

chonakko n side below the armpit

chonásha n water moccasin, cottonmouth Agkistrodon piscivorus var. shawi imo̱cháha

chonnah v to be thin, skinny

chonókabih v older word to have pneumonia

cho̱pah v to buy ishit cho̱pah v to buy with (money, etc.)

chopilhkash var. of polhkash trash

chopilhlhak n older word chimney swift (bird)

cho̱sa n older word sparrow

choshópah v older word to be sloppy-looking, unkempt

choshshak n between the shoulder blades, below back of neck

chosókachih v to jingle, rattle (like coins or a chain)

chowahla n cedar tree

F f

fabassah v to be long and slender see

fachachih var. of fachahlichih peel

facháchih v to spring off ground with pole

fachahlichih v to peel (bark, a scab, etc.) var. fachachih

fachahlih v to be peeling up (like bark or a scab)

fachówah v to have scales, scabs

fahábi n left (side or direction) var. hafábi left hafábik

fahábik imma var. of hafábik imma leftward

faháma n lick, whipping, strike

fahámah v to strike a blow (with something)

fahammih v to sling, throw sideways with whirling motion

fahfolih v to brandish, swing (something) around var. fahlih

fahfowah v to whirl about

fahlih var. of fahfolih

fahpo n magic, enchantment

fakit n turkey see

fakki̱hah v to beat up

fakóhah v to be peeling off (of two or more)

fakolhih v to peel off, strip off (two or more)

fala n crow

fala chito n raven

fala im issito n crow's pumpkin

falakto n 1 fork, forked 2 junction iti falakto n forked stick

falámah v 1 to return 2 to flood falámat going back, going again, returning, doing again see

falámat going back, going again, returning, doing again falámah see

falámat aha̱lah v to keep coming back (here, of one) from alah of one

falámat alah v to come back (here, of one), come back to, return here alah of one

falámat awánablih v to cross back over (a river, etc.) awánablih

falámat áyónah v to come back there to (of three or more), get back to, return to áyonah of three or more

falámat ilhkólih v to go back (of three or more), return (somewhere else) ilhkólih 1 of three or more

falámat im a̱yah v to come back to (someone) a̱yah be going

falámat im áyónah v to return there to (someone, of three or more), go back there to áyonah of three or more

falámat ittonáchih v to get back to (a place), come back to, return there (of two) ittonáchih of two

falámat iyah v to go back (of one), return (somewhere else) iyah of one

falámat lha̱kkoh v to get strong again lha̱kkoh

falámat onah v to come back there (of one), get back there onah of one

falámat pisah v to look again pisah 1 see

falámat pit chokwah v to go back into (a city, etc.) chokwah enter (of one)

falámat tánih v to rise again, rise back up (from a fall), get back up tánih

falammichih v to make (something) return

falammi̱chit long form of falammi̱t

falammi̱chit pilah v to throw (a ball, etc.) back pilah

falammih v to separate, leave

falammi̱t 1 making go back, returning, doing to again 2 finally̱? long form falammi̱chit see

falammi̱t chaffichih v to send (someone) back to (a place) chaffichih (one)

falammi̱t fokkachih v to put (clothes) back on (another) fokkachih

falammi̱t hilíchih v to stand (one chair, etc.) back up hilíchih

falammi̱t i̱ pa̱yah v to call (someone) back (as on a phone, or by shouting) pa̱yah call

falammi̱t ikbih v to rebuild (a house, etc. in the same place) ikbih make

falammi̱t im áchih v to say (something) back to, reply to, answer áchih

falammi̱t im ishih v to get (something) back from (someone), take back from ishih

falammi̱t imah v to give back imah give

falammi̱t ishih v to get (something) back ishih

falammi̱t isht alah v to bring (something, someone) back (here, of one) alah of one

falammi̱t isht iyah v to take (something) back to (a place) iyah of one

falammi̱t isht onah v to take (something) back there (of one), bring back there onah of one

falammi̱t okchalíchih v to revive (someone) okchalíchih

falammi̱t pit hoyoh v to get (someone or something) back again hoyoh

falammi̱t tánichih v to raise (someone) back up tánichih

falámóchih v to send back and forth

falámówah v to go back and forth

fala̱t v did (something) again, returned and did (something) see

faláya adj long

faláyachih v to make long, lengthen

faláyah v to be long see

falóhah v to be long (of two or more) see

falollichi var. of folollichih

famah v to be whipped, spanked

fammih v to whip, spank

fani n squirrel, eastern gray squirrel

fani ik oyyo n American sycamore Platanus occidentalis

fani imálakósi n green anole, American chameleon Anolis carolinensis

fani i̱sha̱pha n mistletoe

fani lakna n yellow or golden squirrel, eastern fox squirrel

Fani Lakna n Tucker MBCI community

fani losa n black squirrel

fatókachih v 1 to wobble, wiggle, sway 2 to be wobbling, wiggling

fayókachih var. of foyókachih to rock

fichak n dew

fichik n star

fichik chito n planet

fichik hika n 1 shooting star 2 meteor

fichik híli n meteor shower

fichik homma n 1 Mars 2 red star

fichik issoba n Dipper constellations

fichik polholhi n comet

fichik shobóta n comet

fichik tahlhápi n Big Dipper constellation

fichik watalhpi n Pleiades constellation

fíhnah 1 v to be very (something), greatly, terribly, especially 2 v to really most certainly (do something) 3 determiner self mak fi̱hna ka̱ phrase that particular (time, person, etc.) mak fi̱hnahma̱ phrase at once, suddenly ná fíhna n a headstrong person, a hard-headed person, someone who thinks that they are ’all that’, someone who is proud of themselves, stubborn

fihópah v to be tired out

filammih v to leave, separate i̱ filammih v to leave (someone), separate from

filímah v 1 to turn over (of a car, etc.), flip over, flip around, spin around, be turned around, flipped over 2 to turn (and look) sg ít filímah v to turn (and look this way)

filimmichih v to flip (something) over, turn over

filimmih v to turn (one thing) over, flip (one thing) over see

filímólih v to turn (three or more) over (one at a time) see

filímówah v to turn around (several times or of two or more) sg

fímah v to be scattered

fimiblih v to sow in a row, letting just a few seeds out at a time

fimmih v to scatter, sow, distribute

fitíhachih v to run around var. fitíhah

fitíhah var. of fitíhachih

fitíkachih v to rattle (a turtle shell rattle, etc.)

fitímah v to be open (of the eyes)

fitimmih v to open (the eyes)

fitokhak n northern flicker, yellowhammer (State bird of Alabama.)

fiyópa n breath

fiyópah 1 v to get tired of, fed up with

fiyópah 2 v to breathe fiyópat tahah phrase 1 to stop breathing, pass away 2 to be out of breath

fiyópat tahah phrase 1 to stop breathing, pass away 2 to be out of breath from fiyópah 2 breathe

foha n break, rest

foháchih v to make (someone) take a break, give (someone) a break, rest

fohah v 1 to rest, take a break 2 to retire

fohkah var. of fokkah

fohkichih v to slather on, put on (lotion, etc.)

fohkol n older word hornet var. fohkop pohkol

fohkop var. of fohkol hornet

fohlih v to scrape off (mud, etc.), scrape out (pumpkin, etc.)

fohóbi var. of hofóbi deep

fohóbih var. of hofóbih be deep neg. ik hofóboh

fohoblih v to pile up (two or more)

foho̱pa n pile var. fopah

fohópah v older word to be piled up

fokálih v 1 to be about to (do something) 2 to be approximately, about

fokka adv 1 should have, if only 2 about

fokka chito var. of ilokka chito coat long form of lokkashto

fokka lo̱bo n shirt

fokka lo̱bo wonoksho var. of fokka wonoksho sweater

fokka wonoksho n sweater var. fokka lo̱bo wonoksho

fokkachih v to put (clothes) on (someone), dress (someone) falammi̱t fokkachih v to put (clothes) back on (another)

fokkah 1 v to get in (a boat, etc.) 2 v to get into (a pair of pants, etc.), put on (clothing that covers the torso, as pants, a shirt, a sweater, a dress), wear 3 n dress var. fohkah á fokkah v to be in, be put into fo̱kkah 1 to be in, be inside 2 to be in (pants, etc.), be wearing fokkat adv being in, riding in (a vehicle)

fo̱kkah 1 to be in, be inside 2 to be in (pants, etc.), be wearing from fokkah

fokkáli within (a certain timeframe)

fokkat adv being in, riding in (a vehicle) fokkah

fokkat iyah v to go in (a plane, etc., of one) iyah of one

fokkat nosi n pajamas, nightgown

fokkih v to insert, put in see

fokópah v to be peeled off, come off by itself (of one)

fokoppih v to peel off

foli n switch, flexible rod, twig

folóchih var. of folollíchih folollichih

folókachih v to go here and there, go all over, zigzag

folóla̱chi v do:in:return

folollichih v 1 to turn (a wheel, a child) around 2 to do the same thing (but in the reverse order) var. falollichi folollíchih v to have (your shirt, etc.) on backwards var. folóchih

folollíchih v to have (your shirt, etc.) on backwards folollichih var. folóchih

folótah v 1 to turn (left or right, etc.) 2 to go around var. fotóhah nówat á folótah v to walk around (an obstacle) nówat folótah v to walk around (in a park, casino, etc.)

folótówah v to turn around (multiple times), spin

foni n 1 bone 2 older word dice

foni lopi n marrow

fopah var. of foho̱pa pile

fotóhah var. of folótah turn

fotólih v to bore (a hole)

fowi n bee var. foyi

fowi akmo n beeswax, wax

fowi bila n honey

fowi bilishki n older word honey bee

fowi bilishki mi̱ko n older word queen honey bee

fowi hakshop n honeycomb

fowi ishki n queen bee

fowi niya n beeswax

foyi var. of fowi bee

foyókachih v to turn or rock (like a rocking chair), wiggle (like the agitator in a washing machine) var. fayókachih

foyólih v to whirl (of water, a carnival ride, etc.)

H h

-h v tense sfx tns

-h mat v sfx when

-ha̱ sfx past-tense question marker

ha a̱ interj no

habbih var. of hablih one

habífah v older word to be dented

habiffih var. of hafikbih dent

habik n older word mountain

habilhkapi n swamp or water hickory var. oksak tokba api

habína n gift

habínachih v to give (a gift) to (someone)

habínah v to receive (a gift, prize, etc.)

habíshak n type of large grasshopper

habishkoh v to sneeze

hablih v 1 to kick (a ball, etc.) once 2 to step on (one thing, or one time) 3 to take a step (in a dance) var. habbih see

habófachih v to make (someone) tired, exhaust (someone)

habófah v to be tired, exhausted

hacha var. of hatcha river river

hacha fako api n chinquapin tree var. hachofaklhapi chinquapin tree

hachchap n older word footbridge

hachi- v pfx you (plural), you all

hachi̱- var. of hachim-

hachim- verbprt pfx 1 your (plural, used before most nouns) 2 to you all, for you all (used before verbs) var. hachi̱-

hachishnak illah by yourselves

hachishnakbánoh just yourselves, by yourselves

hacho̱bilhípah v older word to get down on one’s hands and knees

hacho̱bilhkah v to kneel var. hachokbilhkah kneel

hacho̱choba n alligator

hachofaklhapi var. of hacha fako api chinquapin tree chinquapin tree

hachokbila̱kbila n whip-poor-will

hachokbilhkah var. of hacho̱bilhkah kneel

hachokpala̱tak n tree frog var. chokpala̱tak

hachoktaka̱ha n purple passionflower, maypop

hacho̱laposhki n buffalo gnat

hachotakni n alligator snapping turtle, loggerhead turtle

hachówanashshih v to bend over and look through your legs behind you

hafábi var. of fahábi left

hafábik var. of fahábi

hafábik imma n leftward var. fahábik imma

hafakbi n a dent

hafikbih v to dent, indent var. habiffih dent

hahi api n walnut tree

hahi hata n butternut tree

hahkah v older word to pant (like a dog)

hahli n redbud

hahponakloh v to pay attention var. haponakloh

hahta n eastern hognose snake

hakchihfo n older word driftwood, flotsam, trash that washes up on shore

hakchoma n tobacco

hakchoma holba n mullein

hakchoma sho̱ka n cigar, cigarette

hakchopilhko api n dogwood tree

ha̱kha n wild goose

ha̱kholba n mallard Anas platyrhynchos

haklobis var. of haklobish earlobe earlobe

haklobish n earlobe var. haklobis earlobe

haklochih v to inform (someone) hakloho̱chih v to continually tell or inform

hakloh v to hear, listen ha̱kloh v to be listening, hearing

ha̱kloh v to be listening, hearing hakloh

haknip n body, torso

haknip achokmah to be healthy

haknip hishi n body hair

hakshi̱ interj you’re welcome (rare) var. akshi̱

hakshish var. of akshish root

hakshok var. of hashshok grass grass

hakshop n skin, hide (of an animal), shell (of a nut), bark (of a tree), peel (of a fruit or vegetable) comp issi hakshop issi

hakshop kallo n armadillo

haksi n drunk, drunk person

haksichih v 1 to cheat, trick, fool 2 to get (someone) drunk ilí haksichih v to deceive oneself, fool oneself

haksih v to be drunk

haksis var. of akshish root

haksobáchih v to be noisy, make an excessive amount of noise, make a racket

haksobah v to be noisy

haksobis n ear var. haksobish ear

haksobish var. of haksobis ear ear

haksobish faláya n mule, ass, donkey

haksobish takáli n earring

haksobish takálichit ola haklo n newer word ear buds see

haksobish takohli n earrings

haksolba adj crazy, like they’re drunk

hakso̱tabayyi n temple (on the head)

hakso̱tála n minnow

hakta because of it, that’s why

hakta̱pi n armpit

hala̱bisha n bat var. hoshi lhipahli

hala̱biya n skink, lizard "The blue-tailed young of...skinks are widely referred to as "scorpions"" - srelherp.uga.edu/lizards/eumine.htm Plestiodon sp.

hala̱chala̱wa n lizard var. chila̱wa hala̱chila̱wa

hala̱chila̱wa var. of hala̱chala̱wa lizard

halahlih v to have a seizure

halallih v 1 to pull (something) 2 to hold 3 to cramp halát pulling

halasbichih v to make (something) smooth, flat, or slick, iron (pants, etc.)

halasbih v to be smooth, flat, slick, slippery

halát pulling halallih

halát kotchih v to pull out kotchih

halba 1 n firefly, lightning bug var. halbi halbo

halba 2 n sleep (in the eye), rheum

halbabih v older word to have congested eyes (with mucous in it)

halbi var. of halba 1

halbina n gift, present

halbo var. of halba 1

halhlhih v to kick repeatedly, step on see

hali̱bis var. of hasi̱bis tail tail

halíchih v to put on (glue, make-up, etc.)

halílih v to catch (a sickness)

halíto interj hello

halítoh 1 v to greet (someone) 2 interj hello

hallo̱s n snail, leech

halóka n older word male in-law; husband’s brother, father or uncle; wife’s father or uncle

halo̱labi var. of halo̱lawi American bullfrog

Halo̱lawa̱sha n Place of Bullfrogs (Philadelphia, MS)

halo̱lawi n bullfrog var. halo̱labi

haloppa n something sharp: thorn, etc.

haloppa kiyoh v to be dull, blunt

haloppachih v to sharpen

haloppah v to be sharp

haloshkih v to be rough

hamáya n diamond shape

hammih v to rub, massage

hanáli n thigh var. iyyi hanáli

hanan n hawk var. hannan

hanáwili n suspenders

hanáya n triangle

hannálih v six, to be six

hannan var. of hanan hawk

hanókichih v to twirl, spin (something)

hanókih v twirling, spinning hano̱kih v to be spinning

hano̱kih v to be spinning from hanókih

hapi n salt var. hapih

hapi- v pfx 1mpII

hapi cha̱poli n sugar var. hapih cha̱poli

hapi losa n black pepper var. hapih losa

hapi toksílichi var. of hapi tokwisíli sugar

hapi tokwisíli n sugar var. hapi toksílichi hapi tosíli hapih tokwisíli toksilíchi

hapi tosíli var. of hapi tokwisíli sugar

hapih var. of hapi salt

hapih cha̱poli var. of hapi cha̱poli sugar

hapih losa var. of hapi losa black pepper

hapih tokwisíli var. of hapi tokwisíli sugar

Hapi̱ki I̱ Nittak n Father’s Day

hapim 1 n poss pfx our (entire group) 2 v IIIagr pfx to us, for us (all of a group)

hapishnakbánoh just us, by ourselves

hapishno pro-form all of us, all of ours (of a large group)

hapishno aki̱lih 1 ourselves 2 ours indeed

hapollo var. of hopollo buttocks buttocks

haponakloh var. of hahponakloh be attentive

hapshok var. of hashshok grass

hash- prt pfx second person plural marker used before most actions done deliberately: you all

hash ninak a̱ya n moon var. hashnaka̱ya

hashákotchaka var. of hashi ákotchaka east east

hasháyachih v to cause to sulk or pout

hasháyah v to sulk, pout

hashi n 1 month 2 sun

hashi ákotchaka n east var. hashákotchaka east

hashi áyittola var. of hashi áyokattola west west

hashi áyokattola n west var. hashi áyittola west okattolah

hashi ayyokah n each month, monthly

hashi kanalli n 1 time 2 hour 3 o'clock (with a number)

hashi kanalli achaffa n one o’clock

hashi kanalli anóli n clock

hashi kanalli ola n alarm

hashi kanalli shalalli phrase time change (e.g. the beginning or end of Daylight Savings Time)

Hashi Kanalli Tikba Pit Shalalli Hikít Iya phrase Day Light Savings Time Begins

hashi kotcha n sunrise

hashi ninak a̱ya n moon var. hashnaka̱ya short form hashninaka̱ya

hashi nittak isht ikka̱na n calendar

hashi okattola n sundown, sunset

hashi paka̱li n sunflower Helianthus sp.

hashílabi n sty (on the eye)

hashi̱tak n comb

hashi̱tak folóta n round comb

hashittola var. of hashtola

hashki n my mother

hashnaka̱ya var. of hash ninak a̱ya moon hashi ninak a̱ya moon

hashninak a̱ya tokwikíli n moonlight

hashninaka̱ya short form of hashi ninak a̱ya moon

hashshok n grass var. hakshok grass hapshok hashshok shila n hay

hashshok baláli n bermuda grass var. hashshok kallo

hashshok ba̱si n broom grass

hashshok cha̱li n grass cutter

hashshok hakchoma n rabbit tobacco

hashshok haloppa n thistle

hashshok homi n bitterweed

hashshok ishpihli n rake

hashshok isht taptoli n lawnmower

hashshok kallo var. of hashshok baláli bermuda grass

hashshok pahta n crabgrass

hashshok shila n hay from hashshok grass shila 1 dry

hashtap n leaf, leaves fallen from tree

hashtap yolóli n Mississippi slimy salamander Plethodon mississippi see

hashtapo̱shik n butterfly var. hashta̱poshik hataposhik

hashta̱poshik var. of hashtapo̱shik butterfly

hashtola var. hashittola

hashtolapi n autumn, fall

hashto̱michih var. of to̱michih be sunny from to̱mih be sunny

hasi̱bichomak var. of hasi̱bish hommak

hasi̱bis n tail var. hali̱bis tail hasi̱bish

hasi̱bish var. of hasi̱bis tail

hasi̱bish hommak n red-tailed hawk var. hasi̱bichomak

hata adj light or pale (of a color), faded

hata̱bis var. of hata̱bish navel

hata̱bish n navel, bellybutton var. hata̱bis navel

hataffo n grasshopper

hata̱fo n hail

hata̱foh v to hail var. ata̱foh hota̱foh

hatapofakchi var. of ibáfakchi prairie falcon

hataposhik var. of hashtapo̱shik butterfly

hatcha n river, large stream var. hacha river

hatip n hip

ha̱to n dirt dauber, mud dauber

hato̱baláha n American beech

hato̱faláha var. of hato̱faláya

hato̱faláya n green onions, wild onions var. hato̱faláha

hatoklo var. of hitoklah twice

-hátoko̱ v sfx because:ds

hátokósh var. of hihátokósh

hato̱las var. of iso̱las tongue

hatollichih v 1 to cause to bounce 2 to dribble (in basketball)

hatollih v 1 to hop repeatedly, jump, bounce 2 jump var. tollih

hattak n 1 man, male person 2 husband hattak shotik misha iya n newer word astronaut

Hattak Api Homma Immi Nittak n newer word Native American Heritage Day

hattak himitta n young man (late teens to 24 or so)

hattak hokli n police officer

hattak holhpa n 1 caterpillar 2 older word nettle

hattak holhpa chito n bull nettle

hattak hoyo n detective

hattak illi n dead body, corpse

hattak illi sháli n hearse

hattak im ohóyo illi n widower

hattak ishkish n moth see

hattak lhiposh n red-shouldered hawk

hattak losa n a black person

hattak ná ka̱pila n salesman

hattak nahollo n white man

hattak shotik misha iya n newer word astronaut from hattak shotik sky iyah 1 go

hattak yoka n prisoner

hattak yoshobli n snail

ha̱wa n cicada (13-year)

háwah v to yawn

hawashkoh v 1 to be sour, spoiled (of something like milk) 2 to ferment

hawi n prostitute

hayáka n wilderness, woods

hayákachih v to reveal, cause to be seen ilí hayákachih v to cause oneself to be seen, reveal oneself

hayákah v to appear haya̱kah v to be visible, showing

haya̱kah v to be visible, showing hayákah

hayi̱chi n kidney var. hayyi̱chi

hayílih v to fight over (the ball, when playing stickball; a bone, as when dogs fight)

hayóchih v to have convulsions

hayo̱kpolo n weed

hayo̱kpolo nosíchi n poppy

hayo̱kpolo paska n hops

hayowáni n cut worm

hayya n brother’s wife, mother’s brother’s wife, sister-in-law

hayyi̱chi var. of hayi̱chi kidney

hayyip n pond

hayyop n twins

hayyo̱találi n southern dewberry var. bisso̱találi

-hchá v sfx used:to sp. var. chá ss

hi pro-form be

hicha and

hichi 1 n indian turnip, jack-in-the-pulpit

hichi 2 n boil (on the skin)

hichikih interj maybe

hih short form of hihma̱

hih-

hih ahnih v older word to think about, care about

hi̱hah v to grunt, moan, sigh, make the sound

hihátoko̱ v sfx so, because (different subject)

hihátokósh conj so, because (same subject) var. hátokósh

hihka interj isn’t it var. ka

hihkiya adv nevertheless, however, even so var. híkiya hikkiya

hihma̱ and then (different subject) short form hih

hihmat conj and then (same subject)

hihmiyah interj so it’s said from miyah 1

hihókako̱ but then

hihokma̱ conj and then (used when changing the subject) var. okma̱ short form hikma̱

hihokmakáchi̱h to have to, the way something has to be var. hikmakáchi̱h hokmakáchi̱h short form makáchi̱h

hihokmat conj and then, also (used when keeping the same subject) short form hikmat

hihshahli adv always see

hihshahli bilíya adv forever

hihta̱kla adv while, during

hika 1 n gum (chewing)

hika 2 interj That's right; I understand

-híka v adv2 sfx used:to

hika api var. of hikapi

hika losa api n black gum tree, tupelo var. hopa̱sapi hoshi api iti ani

hikah v to fly (of one) see

hikapi n sweet gum tree var. hika api

hikat but,

hikiki̱yah v to stay at different places, live here and there

hikít being from (a place or time) hikíyah of one

hikít a̱yah v to go around, wander

hikít ilhkólih v to start (something, of three or more), start (doing), begin ilhkólih 1 of three or more see

hikít ittiyáchih v to start (of two), start (doing), begin ittiyáchih of two see

hikít iyah v 1 to start (something, of one), start (doing), begin 2 to come from (some place) iyah of one see sp. var. hikítiya áyisht hikít iyah

hikít mi̱ti toka̱ since (something happened), when (something happened)

hikít mi̱tih v to start, begin

hikítiya sp. var. of hikít iyah start iyah

híkiya var. of hihkiya

hikíyah v 1 to stand up (of one) 2 to stop, wait (e.g. at a traffic light) see a̱t hikíyah to come and stand (of one) hikít being from (a place or time) hiki̱yah v 1 to be standing (of one person, something upright like a building, mop, door, tree, etc.) 2 to be waiting 3 to be overhead (of the sun, etc.) hikkíyah v to have been standing for a long time i̱ hiki̱yah v 1 to wait for 2 to have (something that stands, as a table or horse) o̱t hiki̱yah v to go and be standing (of one)

hiki̱yah v 1 to be standing (of one person, something upright like a building, mop, door, tree, etc.) 2 to be waiting 3 to be overhead (of the sun, etc.) from hikíyah of one

híkiyoh adv will not, won’t, cannot, can’t

hikkiki̱yah v to be walking around late at night (not sleep walking--just getting up while others are asleep), wandering around var. ikkiki̱yah

hikkiya var. of hihkiya

hikkíyah v to have been standing for a long time from hikíyah of one

hikma̱ short form of hihokma̱

hikmakáchi̱h var. of hihokmakáchi̱h

hikmat short form of hihokmat

hilak n wood duck

hilha n 1 dancer 2 a dance

hilha alhíha n dancers

hilha talówa n chant

hilhah v to dance

hilíchih v 1 to stand (one thing) up, cause (one thing) to be standing up, put (one thing) up 2 to stop (a car, etc.) 3 to set (a date) see falammi̱t hilíchih v to stand (one chair, etc.) back up

hílih 1 v to fly (of two or more) see

hílih 2 v to stand up (of two) see hi̱lih v to be standing (of two) i̱ hi̱lih v to have (two things that stand, like two trees) o̱t hi̱lih v to go and be standing (of two)

hi̱lih v to be standing (of two) hílih 2 of two or more i̱ hi̱lih

hilóha n thunder

hilóha ikhi̱sh n bowman’s root var. hilóha okhi̱sh

hilóha okhi̱sh var. of hilóha ikhi̱sh

hilóhah v to thunder

himak adv now

himak a̱ adv now

himak aki̱li ka̱ right now, at this moment

himak aki̱lih adv right now

himak ano adv

himak fíhna adv immediately

himak ma̱ya this generation, the ones living now

himak ninak n tonight, this evening

himak nittak n today, this day

himak ohmi n the same time

hima̱kah too long, too much time

himakka

himakma̱ adv again

himiffowa var. of himittowa of two or more

himitfowa var. of himittowa of two or more

himitfowáchi n teenagers, young people

himi̱tta var. of himittah

himittah v to be young (sg. or pl.) (pl. himittowa) var. himi̱tta ilí himittachih v to make oneself young

himittowa adj young (of two or more) (sg. or pl. himittah) var. himiffowa himitfowa

himmak n junior, one who is younger than (someone else) see

himmaka̱ adv next time

himmóna ka̱ v once (before), once upon a time, one time

himmónaka̱ adv once, one time

himo conj just now

himóna adj new

himónachih v to make new

himonah v to be new

himonna adv once, the first time

himonnaka̱ adv once

hina 1 n road, street

hina 2 conj and, so, and then see

-hi̱na var. of áhi̱lah can

hina chanalli n automobile, car

hina fichápa n crossroads var. hinakfowa̱ta

hina patalhpo paved road

hi̱nah v can, could, to be able to

hi̱nah másh ohmih maybe

hinakbitípoli n rainbow var. anaktípoli hinakbittipóli

hinakbittipóli var. of hinakbitípoli rainbow

hinakfowa̱ta var. of hina fichápa crossroads

hinaksho n abandoned road

hina̱yah v to walk along the road

hishi n 1 feather 2 body hair 3 animal hair, fur 4 leaf (still on tree)

hishi hopotka var. of hishi patha cabbage

hishi iksho phrase hairless

hishi lawah phrase hairy

hishi patha n older word cabbage var. hishi hopotka

hitohchínah to be the third

hitok

hitoka n older word stickball field var. hotoka

hitokalhlhi v always, frequently var. hittókalhlhi also tokalhlhi

hitokchi n saliva, spit, drool, slobber var. itokchi drool

hitoklah v to be twice var. hatoklo hitoklo isht hitoklaho̱ adv a second time

hitoklakna n older word venom

hitoklo var. of hitoklah twice

hitoko̱ conj and then, and so (different subject)

hitokósh and then, and so (same subject)

hittókalhlhi var. of hitokalhlhi

híyo̱ var. of o híyo̱

hiyohlichih v to cause (several things) to stand up see

hiyohlih v to stand (of two or more) see hiyo̱hlih v to be standing (of two or more)

hiyo̱hlih v to be standing (of two or more) from hiyohlih stand (plural)

hiyohma̱yah v 1 to be standing (of two or more) 2 to have (an object that is mostly vertical)

hiyo̱shakíli n horse lubber grasshopper

-hma v sfx when

-hmato v sfx when:ss

ho exclamation cfx exclamatory marker

ho- imperative pfx you all also oh-

hó preverb you all [imperative]

ho̱ question marker

-ho̱ v comp:sr sfx part:ds

hobáchi n imitator, copy cat

hobáchih v to imitate, copy var. holbachih hobáchit ikbih v to make a copy of, make (something) into (something)

hobáchit ikbih v to make a copy of, make (something) into (something) hobáchih ikbih make

hobíchi n sweat lodge or ceremony

hobíchih v to steam or steep

hobih v to be boiled whole

hochanoh var. of hohchanoh

hochífoh v to name (someone), call (someone) by name áhochífoh v to name after (someone)

hochíto adj big (of two or more) pl

hochítolit isht pisa n magnifier, magnifying glass

hóchokma adj nice, good (pl.)

hóchokmah v to be good (of two or more)

hochówah var. of hotchówah

hofahya n shame

hofahyachih v to embarrass (someone)

hofahyah v to be embarrassed, ashamed var. hofáya

hofallih v to multiply (of descendants)

hofa̱tichih v to raise, rear (animals or children)

hofa̱tih v older word to grow, develop (of babies, animals, pets, or plants)

hofáya var. of hofahyah

hofkah v to sun-dry, dry outside

hofóbi n deep part, deep area var. fohóbi hofóbi imma post toward the deep part

hofóbi imma post toward the deep part from hofóbi deep imma 1 toward

hofóbih v to be deep var. ahfóbih deep fohóbih ofóbih

Hohchafo Chito hashi n Big Hunger month (November)

Hohchafo Iskitíni hashi n Little Hunger month (October)

hohchafoh v to be hungry var. hokchafoh

hohchafot tahah v to get hungry

hohchanoh v to be enthusiastic, eager var. hochanoh

hohchifo n name

hohchifo acháka n middle name

hohchifo ammóna first name

hohchifo atokla n second name, middle name, nickname

hohchifo iklanna n middle name

hohchifo tikba n first name

hóka̱ interj emphatic marker with negative connotation

hokchafoh var. of hohchafoh

hokchi n gardener, planter

hokchih v to plant nán á hollokchi n garden

hókih form of ókih

hoklih v to catch, grab with the hands comp aka̱ka hokli aka̱ka ho̱klih v to hold i̱ ho̱klih v to hold for, save for (someone) ilího̱klih v to hold oneself back, resist, restrain oneself, keep oneself (from doing something), fight (against doing something)

ho̱klih v to hold from hoklih catch i̱ ho̱klih

hokma̱ if (different subject)

hokmakáchi̱h var. of hihokmakáchi̱h

hokmat conj if (same subject)

hokmih v 1 to burn, be irritated (of a part of the body) 2 to set (something) on fire

hokni n paternal aunt

hokoffih v older word to loosen, slacken

ho̱kopah v to steal (something)

ho̱ksoh v to fart

holábi n liar

holábih v to lie, tell a lie áholábih v to lie about (someone), tell a lie about i̱ holábih v to lie to (someone), tell a lie to o̱ holábih v to lie about (someone)

holáfah v to defecate

holakshih v to lick

holba n an imitation, likeness, fake

holbachih var. of hobáchih

holbah v to be like, similar (of something) ik holboh v to not be similar, be unlike (something), have a different demeanor

holbattoba n picture, photo

holbattoba ápisa n television

holbattoba isht ikbi n camera

holhki calf of the leg

holhkonna n witch

holhpina var. of holhtina number

holhponi 1 n hominy 2 v cooked

holhtina n number var. holhpina

holhtofah v to be unwound, untied (of one) var. hotofah see

holihta n fence

holihta okhissa n fence gate

holissa ápisa var. of holisso ápisa school

holisso n 1 paper 2 letter var. holosso

holisso alótoli n form

holisso ápisa n school var. holissa ápisa

holisso ápisa abóha n classroom

holisso ápisa apíláchi n school helper

holisso ápisa ayiskachi n school janitor

holisso ápisa i̱ noshkobóka n school principal

holisso ápisa i̱ noshkobóka apíláchi n assistant school principal

holisso átalówa n song sheet, sheet music

holisso áyalhto n folder

holisso áyi̱cho̱li n paper tablet, notepad

holisso áyikhana n school

holisso áyittimano̱poli n newspaper

holisso áyittola n post office

holisso bahta n paper bag, sack

holisso bokahli n fireworks, firecrackers

Holisso Holítopa n Bible

holisso ikhana n school

holisso ikhana̱chi n teacher

holisso im ábachi n school teacher

holisso imábachi apílachi n school teacher assistant

holisso isht afáchali n paper clip

holisso ittim ano̱polih v to read ittim ano̱polih

holisso lho̱blit ápitta n binder

holisso ná holítobli n affidavit

holisso ná iyalli n receipt

holisso sháli n mail carrier

holisso sokko n book

holisso sokko áfokka n bookshelf

holisso sokko áka̱chi n book store

holisso sokko áyásha n library

holisso sokko osi booklet, small book

holissochi n secretary

holissochih v to write holissoho̱chih v to keep writing down

holissoho̱chih v to keep writing down from holissochih write

holissot toba written statement, affidavit

holítobli n acceptance, approval, blessing

holítoblichih v 1 to glorify 2 to respect

holítoblih v 1 to value (persons or things), honor 2 to accept, approve, give blessing 3 to worship with reverence

holítopah v 1 to be blessed, holy, sacred 2 to be rich, wealthy 3 to be valuable, expensive ik holítópoh v to be inexpensive, cheap, not cost too much

hollokchi n a plant

holloppih v to be buried see

holmoh v to be covered, roofed

holóchih v to put (shoes, socks) on (someone else)

hóloh v to put (shoes, socks) on (yourself) ho̱loh v to be wearing (shoes)

ho̱loh v to be wearing (shoes) hóloh

holosso var. of holisso paper

homi n musk (of a raccoon, etc.)

homíchi n spice

homíchih v to make spicy

homih v to be spicy

homma adj red

hommah v to be red

hommakbi adj pink

hommakbih v to be reddish or pink

homoh v to cover, roof

honi holba n asparagus

honih v to boil, brew

honni adj boiled

honnih v to boil (of a potato, etc.)

hopa̱ki adv long ago

hopáki ikha̱na n legends, old stories, history

hopáki im ikha̱na n newer word historian

hopáki isht pisa n newer word telescope, binoculars

hopáki ohchásh n long ago short form hopákihchásh

hopákichih v 1 to go far away 2 to be far off 3 to make (something) go far way

hopákih v 1 to be far (in distance), long away (in time) 2 be:long:ago

hopákihchásh short form of hopáki ohchásh long ago

hopa̱sah v to chew

hopa̱sapi var. of hika losa api

hopayyi n prophet, seer

hopayyi holittópa n prophet (in the Bible)

hopílah v to give away, distribute

hopínah v to count var. hotínah

hopóchih v to put out to graze

hopohkah v to graze

hopoksiyah v to be gentle, kind

hopólha n comfort, solace

hopólhachih v to comfort

hopolhkah v to dry outside

hopollo n buttocks, butt var. hapollo buttocks hopolo

hopolo var. of hopollo buttocks

hopónayoh v to see clearly

hopónayoh kíyoh v to be blind, dim-sighted

hopóni n cook

Hopóni hashi n Cooking month (September)

hopónih v to cook

hopo̱poyoh v to look about, behold

hopóyoksa n wisdom

Hopóyoksa Kiyo I̱ Nittak n April Fool’s Day

hopóyoksah v to be wise

hoppih v to bury see

-hósh v comp:sr sfx participle, same-subject

hosh pattak n kingbird

hoshbalbáha n mockingbird var. hoshi balbaha

hoshi n bird, fowl

hoshi api var. of hika losa api

hoshi balbaha var. of hoshbalbáha mockingbird

hoshi hishi n feathers

hoshi homma n redbird, cardinal

hoshi i̱ chokka n bird house

hoshi iti cha̱li n woodpeckers and sapsuckers bird family

hoshi iyakchosh n bird claw, talon

hoshi lhipahli var. of hala̱bisha bat

hoshi oshi var. of hoshóshi

hoshi̱tika var. of hosho̱tika shade shade

hoshóshi n bird egg var. hoshi oshi

hosho̱ti n 1 shadow 2 cloud var. hosho̱tik

hosho̱tichih v to be cloudy

hosho̱tik var. of hosho̱ti

hosho̱tika n shade, shadow var. hoshi̱tika shade

hosho̱wa n urine

hosho̱wah v to urinate

hoskap var. of oskap crane

hoskap tohbi n white crane

ho̱ssah v to shoot

hossih v to pound (corn) in mortar

hót short form of hoyot hoyoh

hót alah idiom to bring back

hota̱foh var. of hata̱foh hail

hotah v to winnow

hota̱pih v to string (beads, fish, etc.)

hotchokwah v to have chills

hotchówachih v to chill

hotchówah v to be cold (of a person) var. hochówah

hotilhko ikhi̱sh n cough medicine

hotilhkofi̱ka n whooping cough

hotilhkoh v to cough

hotínah var. of hopínah count

hotípah imperative Y’all go on!

hotofah var. of holhtofah of one

hotoffih v to unwind, loosen (one) see

hotohlih v to be unwound, be untied see

hotoka var. of hitoka stickball field

hotokbichih v to soak, moisten, dampen

hotokbih v to be damp

hoto̱ti n frost

hottopa n sore, wound, ache, pain hottopa isht talakchi n bandage

hottopa isht talakchi n bandage from hottopa

hottopah v to be hurt, wounded

hottopálih v to hurt (someone), injure, harm

ho̱wah v to smell (something) see

howítachih v to cause to vomit

howítah v to vomit

hoyablih v to loosen

hoyápah to be loose

hoyoh v 1 to look for 2 to pick up falammi̱t pit hoyoh v to get (someone or something) back again ho̱yoh v to wait for (Conehatta dialect) hoyot looking for short form hót

ho̱yoh v to wait for (Conehatta dialect) from hoyoh

hoyot looking for hoyoh short form hót

hoyot nówah v to look for, search for, pick up (passengers, etc.) nówah

hoyyachih v to drain

hoyyah v to leak

I i

í- form of il we

i̱- form of im III III

i̱ chaffichih v 1 to send (someone, something) to, for (someone else) 2 to start up (a car) for, crank up (a car) from chaffichih (one)

i̱ cha̱polih v to like (a food, candy, drink etc.) from cha̱polih

i̱ chilófah v to pay (something) to (someone) chilófah

i̱ chilósah v to be lonesome, lonely var. i̱ cholósah

i̱ cholósah var. of i̱ chilósah

i̱ chówah v to complain

i̱ filammih v to leave (someone), separate from from filammih

i̱ haponakloh v to mind, listen to

i̱ hattak illi short form of ohóyo i̱ hattak illi widow

i̱ hattak kaníya widow

i̱ hi̱lih v to have (two things that stand, like two trees) hi̱lih hílih 2

i̱ himmak n younger (counterpart, sibling, etc.) see

i̱ hitchálih v to hate (another person) sp. var. i̱hichchálih

i̱ hiyáchih v to get (someone) in trouble

i̱ hiyah v to get in trouble

i̱ ho̱klih v to hold for, save for (someone) ho̱klih from hoklih

i̱ hokni n paternal aunt, father’s sister

i̱ holábih v to lie to (someone), tell a lie to from holábih

i̱ hollochih v to love, care for

i̱ holloh v 1 to love, care for 2 to be stingy with (people, things)

i̱ howa v to call (someone)

i̱ ka̱chih v to sell to, sell for ka̱chih 1

i̱ kalakshih v to be shy around (someone), embarrassed around, ashamed around from kalakshih

i̱ ka̱nah v to be kind, friendly

i̱ kanallih v to move (away) from (someone, something)

i̱ kaníyah v 1 to be lost to (of an item, someone through death) 2 to leave from (someone, as a fever) kaníyah 2 of one kaníyah 1 of one

i̱ kanómi n his or her cousin, relatives

i̱ kapassah v to feel cold kapassah be cold

i̱ kashoffih v to forgive kashoffih clean

i̱ katápah to block (a road, a person, etc.) from katápah

i̱ kihlih v to wipe (another person, as a baby) from kihlih wipe

i̱ lakos ohóyo n sister-in-law, wife’s sister

i̱ lashpat ittolah phrase to pass out (from heat), faint

i̱ lawah v to have much, a lot, a whole bunch, many lawah

i̱ lhakoffih v to miss (a bus, appointment, etc.) lhakoffih escape

i̱ makáchih v to say (something) to (someone), tell (someone) from makáchih

i̱ ma̱yah v to have (three or more children, animals, etc.) from ma̱yah exist (of three or more)

i̱ mihah v to tell (someone to do or not do something), give (someone) a rule, a talking to mihah mean

I̱ Mishsha Nittak n Tuesday long form Nittak Hollo I̱ Mishsha Nittak

i̱ mokófah v 1 to have (something) slip away from (someone), get away from (someone) 2 to concede, give up from mokófah

i̱ nokha̱kloh v to feel sorry for (someone), take pity on, mourn with nokha̱kloh

i̱ nokillih v to hate (someone)

i̱ nokówah v to be mad at (someone) nokówah i̱ noko̱wah

i̱ noko̱wah v to be mad at, angry at (nasal form) from i̱ nokówah nokówah

i̱ nokshópa adj scared of (someone), afraid of nokshópah

i̱ noktalhah v to be jealous of (someone) noktalhah

i̱ nokwiyah v to be nervous for (someone), be nervous about (someone) nokwiyah

i̱ nosíkah v to dream of (something) nosíkah

i̱ notákah v be under the guidance of (someone), under the direction of

i̱ nówa n (his, her) guest, visitor

i̱ nówah v to visit from nówah

i̱ nówat a̱yah v to visit

i̱ palammichih v to give (someone) a hard time

i̱ palammih v 1 to have a hard time, struggle with (an illness, etc.), suffer, be in labor 2 to want badly, pine for palammih struggle

i̱ palátah v to be lonesome for (someone, something), miss (someone, something) palátah

i̱ panakloh var. of i̱ ponakloh ponakloh

i̱ pa̱yah v to call to (someone), call (someone) by name pa̱yah call

i̱ pilah v 1 to throw (something) to (someone) 2 to send (something) (to someone) pilah

i̱ ponakloh v to ask (someone a question), ask (someone to do something) ponakloh ask var. i̱ panakloh

i̱ ponnah v to be excellent, talented, good at (something), skillfull, professional isht i̱ ponnah v to be great at (doing something), skilled at, talented at

i̱ po̱sah v to kiss (another person) (but not romantically)

i̱ pótah v to lend (to someone) pótah

i̱ shahlih v 1 to be greater than, more than 2 to be older than (someone) shahlih short form i̱ shaht

i̱ shahlit ilhkólih v to get more (rowdy, etc., of three or more) var. i̱shat ilhkólih

i̱ shahlit iyah v to get more (rowdy, etc., of one), escalate, go beyond iyah of one var. i̱ shát iyah

i̱ shaht short form of i̱ shahlih shahlih

i̱ shalihchih 1 v to be, do more than (someone) at (some activity), be better than (someone) at (some activity)

i̱ shalihchih 2 v to do more than (someone), surpass, outdo

i̱ shamallichih v to pin, stick on, put (jewelry) on (someone else) from shamalli be stuck

i̱ shát iyah var. of i̱ shahlit iyah iyah

i̱ soksowa kiss

i̱ tahah v 1 to be tired, worn out 2 to be out of (something) tahah be finished

i̱ tahlih v to finish (something of another’s), use up tahlih

i̱ tahpalah v to call out to (someone), shout to, yell to, yell for (a team) from tahpalah

i̱ taka̱lih v 1 to have (one thing that hangs, as a collar) 2 to owe 3 to have a difficult time with, have a hard time with, get involved in someone else’s business, interfere (in something) from taka̱lih of one takálih

i̱ taklachih v to discourage

i̱ taklih v to serve (food or drink) to (someone), dish up for taklih

i̱ takóbit tahah v to be tired of

i̱ takohbih v to be lazy

i̱ takshih v to be shy of (other people), bashful around (someone) takshih

i̱ tamóhah v for (several people, things) to be gone from (someone), for (several people, thing) to be lost to (someone) tamóhah go away, of two or more

i̱ tannap n 1 the other side of (something), opposite, beyond 2 match, mate, other (of a pair) tannap

i̱ tiballichih v to make (someone) miss (an appointment, bus, etc.) from tiballichih

i̱ tiballih v 1 to miss 2 to make a mistake tiballih

i̱ tík n sister (of a male)

i̱ ti̱kba alhíha n his/her ancestors

i̱ toshólih v to translate or interpret (something) for (someone)

i̱ wálih v to wave to

i̱ wílih v to offer (something) to (someone), hand (something) to (someone) wílih

i̱ wishlichih v to milk wishlichih

i̱ yimmi n confidence, faith, trust

i̱ yimmih v to believe, believe in (someone), trust, have faith in yimmih ik i̱ yimmoh ik ili̱yimmoh

i̱ yoka n a person who is dependent on, addicted to, indentured to (someone or something) yokah

i̱ yowálih v to anger someone

ibá verbprt with (someone else), together with (When

ibá achaffah achaffah be one one ittibá achaffah

ibá a̱ttah v to stay with (someone) a̱ttah exist (of one) from attah

ibá chokwah v to become a part of, be instilled in

ibá fohkah v to get in with, ride with (of one) see

ibá fohkih v to add in with, put in with var. ibáfokkih

ibá i̱pah v to eat with (someone) i̱pah

ibá ta̱klah v to be with (someone)

ibá to̱ksali n co-worker, colleague

i̱bacháya n joist

i̱bachóhah n joist, the horizontal part of a roof

ibáfakchi n prairie falcon var. hatapofakchi

ibáfokkih var. of ibá fohkih

ibahlho̱pa n bald eagle var. o̱ssi 2

ibakchishi̱lih v to make a pouting expression

ibakchofa̱chilih pl. of ibakchofa̱lih of one of two or more

ibakchofa̱lih v to have a pointed, sharp, or tapered end (of a beak, letter opener, etc.) (of one) pl. ibakchofa̱chilih of two or more

ibakshibílih v to pout

ibaktoko̱lih v to be blunt (of an axe)

ibalhto n ingredients, things put in with (something else)

ibalhtoh v to get in (a car, vehicle, swimming pool) with (of two or more) see

ibánih v to put in with, add to, add in with

i̱bátiyah v to obey, comply, agree with, go along with ik ibátíyoh v to disobey

ibáyachaffah v 1 to be together with, be in agreement with 2 to take part in ibáyacha̱ffat iyah v to join with (someone) and go ik ibáyachaffoh v to disagree

ibáyacha̱ffat iyah v to join with (someone) and go from ibáyachaffah

ibayyi n nephew; sister’s son (of a man), brother’s son (of a woman)

Ibayyi Nittak n Friday long form Nittak Hollo Ibayyi Nittak

ibbak n hand ibbak alótah phrase his or her hands are full

ibbak akchosh var. of ibbak hakshop fingernail

ibbak alótah phrase his or her hands are full from ibbak hand

ibbak aska n wrist

ibbak aska shamáchi n bracelet

ibbak bonóta n fist

ibbak fokka n glove

ibbak hakshop n fingernail var. ibbak akchosh

ibbak hottopa isht sháli n sling (for an injured arm)

ibbak i̱ sho̱kani n elbow

ibbak ishki n thumb

ibbak isht a̱lhi n right hand, dominant hand

ibbak oshi n finger

ibbak oshi akni n ring finger

ibbak oshi fokka n ring

ibbak oshi iklanna n middle finger

ibbak oshi ishit bilhlhi n index finger

ibbak osi n little finger, pinky

ibbak tilókachi wrist

ibbi tík n niece; sister’s daughter (of a man), brother’s daughter (of a woman)

ibbishanoh var. of ibishshonah

ibíkowa n nosebleed

ibíkowa ikhi̱sh n yarrow or wild tansy

ibíkowah v to have a nosebleed

ibilhkan n nasal mucus, snot var. bilhkan

ibish n 1 end, point 2 nipple

ibíshakni n nose

ibíshakni chilok n nostrils

ibishshachi n bangs

ibishshonah v to have sniffles, have a runny nose var. ibbishanoh

ibítablih v 1 to hinder (someone’s progress), get in the way of (someone) 2 to stumble

ibítakla n bridge of the nose

ibítapah v to be stopped, blocked, cut off

ichablih v to pair (two things) together, match (two things) with each other

i̱chal var. of i̱chil angel

ichápak imma post in the opposite direction from

i̱chil n angel var. i̱chal

i̱cho̱lih v to write, draw, mark, tattoo

i̱cho̱lit takohlichih phrase to write a list

i̱cho̱wa n mark (on a piece of paper, etc.), tattoo, brand (on a cow)

iffoka n stomach (organ inside the body)

iffoka katápa n colic

ihchoshshak n upper back

i̱hichchálih sp. var. of i̱ hitchálih

ihi̱shkoh v to drink repeatedly from ishkoh

ihi̱yah v to go (repeatedly) from iyah of one

íhoh interj is that right?

ik- v pfx N

ik ahóbáloh v to not be concerned neg. of ahóbalih

ik ahóboh v to be unsuccessful (in finding something) neg. of ahóbah

ik akalloh v to be loose (of a nail, etc.) neg. of akalloh tight

ik alawwoh v to be less (of something etc.), to not (do something) as much as, to not (have) as much as neg. of alawwih equally

ik alhpísoh v to be wrong, mistaken, not right neg. of alhpísah alhpisah

ik alhtáhoh v to be incomplete, not ready (of a task, material, food, etc.) neg. of alhtahah

ik assa̱noh v to not be old enough neg. of assanoh

ik awátoh v to be narrow, not wide neg. of awátah

ik áyalhpísoh v to be wrong

ik áyikha̱no v to not know (a place), be unfamiliar with (a place)

ik cháfoh v to not start (of an engine), not run, not turn on, not work neg. of chafah

ik hofóboh v to be shallow, not deep neg. of fohóbih var. of hofóbih

ik holboh v to not be similar, be unlike (something), have a different demeanor neg. of holbah

ik holítópoh v to be inexpensive, cheap, not cost too much neg. of holítopah

ik i̱ hakloh v to not listen to

ik i̱ yimmoh v to not believe (someone) neg. of i̱ yimmih trust yimmih

ik ibátíyoh v to disobey neg. of i̱bátiyah

ik ibáyachaffoh v to disagree neg. of ibáyachaffah

ik ikhánoh v to not know neg. of ikhanah learn

ik ili̱yimmoh v to not believe in oneself from neg. of i̱ yimmih trust yimmih

ik im achokmoh v to feel bad, not feel well neg. of im achokmah from achokmah

ik im alhpísoh v to not feel well, not be right for neg. of im alhpísah from alhpísah

ik im alhtáhoh v to not be ready neg. of im alhtahah alhtahah

ik im ikshoh v to not have (something) ikshoh

ik ittayammoh to not have enough, not mix together (like oil and water) ayommah be mixed

ik láwo n a little bit (of something), a few neg. of lawah

ik láwoh v to be few, less, not a lot, not many, not enough, run out neg. of lawah

ik nokshópo 1 v to be unafraid, be without fear, fearless 2 n bravery; courage neg. of nokshópah

ik nokwíyo v to be unafraid, be without fear neg. of nokwiyah

i̱kána n his/her friend

ikbi n maker (of bread, clothing, etc.)

ikbih v to make, build, create comp chokka ikbi sho̱shi dirt dauber chokka hobáchit ikbih make copy hobáchih falammi̱t ikbih v to rebuild (a house, etc. in the same place) im ikbih v to make (something) for (someone)

ikboh n 1 to not win, lose 2 to not kill (someone, something) neg. of abih

ikfíksa n waist

ikfoka n abdomen

ikhanah v to learn var. ikkana ikkanah ithanah ik ikhánoh v to not know ikha̱nah v 1 to know, understand 2 to remember sp. var. ikkána var. ikka̱nah itha̱nah im áyikhanah v to learn (something) from (someone)

ikha̱nah v 1 to know, understand 2 to remember from ikhanah learn sp. var. ikkána var. ikka̱nah itha̱nah

ikha̱nah mómah v to still remember, still know

ikhi̱sh var. of okhi̱sh

ikhi̱sh patassa api n 1 flat stem medicine (prickly ash) 2 hercules club var. iti hacho̱choba iti kapassa noti alikchi

i̱ki n (his/her) father

i̱ki achaffa n paternal uncle, father’s brother var. i̱ki achaffah

i̱ki achaffah var. of i̱ki achaffa

i̱ki toba n stepfather

ikkana var. of ikhanah learn

ikkána sp. var. of ikha̱nah from ikhanah

ikkanah var. of ikhanah learn

ikka̱nah var. of ikha̱nah from ikhanah

ikkiki̱yah var. of hikkiki̱yah

ikkishi n (his/her) chest, breast

ikkishi foni n sternum, breast bone

ikko̱la n (his/her) neck var. iko̱la

ikko̱la faláya n newer word giraffe

ikko̱la inno̱chi n something worn around the neck: collar, necklace

ikko̱la shatáli n mumps

iklanna n 1 center, middle 2 half

Iklanna Nittak n Wednesday long form Nittak Hollo Iklanna Nittak

iklannachih v to divide in half

iklannah v splitting, being in half

iko̱la var. of ikko̱la neck

iksa n clan, societal class, denomination

ikshi̱sh var. of okhi̱sh

iksho n zero, nothing

ikshoh v to not exist, not be there, be absent ik im ikshoh v to not have (something)

il v Iagr pfx first person plural marker, we also í-

il áyokka var. of ilayyoka different

i̱la adj other, another, different, wrong (one), else

i̱la ka̱ n rest of, remainder, other (of something) (object form)

ilabbi var. of ilahbih

i̱lachih v to alter, change, make different i̱la̱chit adv differently, changing it

i̱la̱chit adv differently, changing it from i̱lachih

i̱la̱chit akostiníchih v to understand differently, think in a different way

iláfi̱hnah v to be proud of oneself

iláfowah var. of iliyáfowah

i̱lah v to be different o̱t i̱lat tahah v to change completely

ilahbih v 1 to pretend, make believe, act as if 2 to do (something) unsuccessfully, to try (to do something) 3 to fool around (in doing something), to do (something unseriously), to do (something) for the heck of it, to make a half-hearted attempt (to do something) var. ilabbi ilahohbih

ilahnih v to be conceited

ilahohbih var. of ilahbih

ilakka̱losíchi n humility

ilamma̱ 1 dem that (object form) 2 pro that one (object form) short form ma̱ see

ilammat 1 dem that (dog, etc., subject form) 2 pro that one (subject form) var. mat

iláp possessive pronoun his, hers, its, theirs, his or her own

iláp ahnih v to do as you please, think only of yourself

iláp aki̱lih 1 himself, herself, oneself 2 his own, her own, one’s own var. iláp aki̱nih

iláp aki̱nih var. of iláp aki̱lih

iláp illa n one who is by himself or herself (as an only child)

iláp illah to be by oneself, him alone, her alone

iláp imma var. of pomma this way

iláp ola n independence

iláp o̱lah v to think for yourself, be independently minded, refuse to take advice, stubborn

Iláp Polla Nittak n newer word Independence Day, Fourth of July

ilápi̱lih v to do by oneself

ilappa̱ 1 dem this (dog, etc., object form) 2 pro this one (object form) 3 pro here (object form) short form pa̱

ilappat 1 dem this (dog, etc., subject form) 2 pro this one (subject form) 3 pro here (subject form) short form pat

iláwatah v to brag, show off, make oneself big var. iliyáwatah isht iláwatah v to show off (a new toy, etc.)

iláwíli n guardian

iláwílih v to take care of (one child, dog, etc.) see

iláya̱lhi n truth (for the speaker), integrity

ilayyoka adj different, various, diverse, assorted var. il áyokka

ilayyokáchih v to make different, make differently

ilayyokah v to be diverse, to be different

ilbashákah v to be neglected

ilbashálih v to neglect, abuse

ilbashsha n poverty

ilbashshah v to be poor, pitiful, impoverished, humble anno̱pa ilbashsha n prayer

ilhkóchih short form of alhkólichih

ilhkoho̱li v to go (repeatedly) (of three or more) from ilhkólih 1 of three or more var. alhkóho̱li

ilhkólichih var. of alhkólichih

ilhkólih 1 v to go (of three or more) see falámat ilhkólih v to go back (of three or more), return (somewhere else) hikít ilhkólih v to start (something, of three or more), start (doing), begin see ilhkoho̱li v to go (repeatedly) (of three or more) var. alhkóho̱li ta̱kla ilhkólih v to go with (someone, of three or more) see

ilhkólih 2 var. of alhkólih

ilhpak n food (older word)

ilhpak i̱bahta n grocery bag

ilí abih v to kill oneself, commit suicide from abih var. ilíbih

ilí haksichih v to deceive oneself, fool oneself from haksichih

ilí hayákachih v to cause oneself to be seen, reveal oneself from hayákachih

ilí himittachih v to make oneself young from from himittah

ilí lohmih v to hide oneself from lohmih

ilí-, ilíy- v pfx self (reflexive prefix)

ilíbih var. of ilí abih from abih

ilífokka n clothes var. ilokfokka lífokka

ilífokka átakohchi n clothesline, washline

ilífokka átakohli n washline

ilífokka áyalhto n place to put clothes: chest, drawer, etc. short form ilokka álhto

ilífokka chito var. of ilokka chito coat long form of lokkashto

ilíhofahyalih v to embarrass oneself

ilího̱klih v to hold oneself back, resist, restrain oneself, keep oneself (from doing something), fight (against doing something) from hoklih catch

ilílho̱ffih v to molt (as a snake), shed

ililli n disease

ilímah v to give to oneself, give oneself to (someone) from imah give

ilimonaka̱ adv once, one time

ilíshowílih v to take (one’s own clothes) off showílih

iliyáfowah v to fight back, resist, try to get away var. iláfowah

ilíyanólih v to confess

ilíyaskofáchi var. of isht ilaskofáchi belt

iliyáto̱bah v to save (food, money, etc.)

iliyáwatah var. of iláwatah

illah v to be only anák illah by myself, just me chishnak illah by yourself innipi illah v to be bare-chested, naked (from the waist up) issis illah v to be bloody mak illah 1 determiner, pronoun to be just that, only that, only those 2 that’s all, that’s it, that’s enough var. makalla

illi áhollopi n graveyard, cemetary

illi ákahmáya n graveyard, cemetery

illi áttola var. of illi áyittóla illih ittólah lie down (of one)

illi áyittóla n 1 wake (ceremony) 2 grave site var. illi áttola

illih v to die illi áttola var. of illi áyittóla okattolat illit tahah

illi̱pa n food, groceries

illi̱pa áhoponi n stove

illi̱pa ánonáchi n stove

illi̱pa halbina n commodity foods

illi̱pa shippa n leftover food

ilokfokka var. of ilífokka clothes

ilokka n 1 dress, clothes 2 dress

ilokka álhto short form of ilífokka áyalhto

ilokka ano̱ka fokka n women’s underwear, slip

ilokka chito var. fokka chito ilífokka chito short form lokka chito long form of lokkashto coat

ilokka isht halasbichi n clothes iron

ilokka kolo̱bo n shirt (older word)

im 1 marker appearing before a noun and translating as 'his', 'her', 'its', or 'their' 2 marker appearing before a verb and translating as 'to (someone)', 'for (someone)', or 'from (someone)' also i̱- III

im- pfx III agreement affix

im á pótah v to borrow from (someone) pótah

im ábachi n teacher

im ábachih v to teach (someone) from ábachih

im ába̱chih v to be teaching (over some period of time)

im ábih v to beat (someone), defeat (in a game) from abih

im achaffah v to have one achaffah be one one

im acháya v to be (emotionally) attached to (someone or something) acháyah

im áchih v to say (something) to (someone) áchih

im achokmah v 1 to feel good, be well, be happy 2 to like (doing something), love, enjoy from achokmah good ik im achokmoh isht im achokmah

im áfo n his/her grandfather Kin. form afo grandfather var. máfo

im aha̱chih v to keep saying (over and over) to (someone) áha̱chih from áchih

im ahchibah v to be bored, get tired of (someone or doing something) ahchibah

im ahchi̱bah v to rush, hurry, be in a hurry from ahchíbah

im ahwah v to think, reckon ahwah amówah

im akkiyah v to give in (to another person), give up, back down akkíyah

im álak n brother-in-law, sister’s husband

im álakosi n brother-in-law, wife’s brother see

im álakosi ohóyo n sister-in-law, wife’s sister

im álamih v to tell to behave, instruct (a child, etc.) how to behave, correct, scold, warn

im alhtahah v 1 to finish (doing something) 2 to get ready, be ready alhtahah ik im alhtáhoh

im alhtoba n salary, pay

im alhtobah v to be paid

im anni older brother (of a man), older sister (of a woman)

im ánokfila n thought, mind, opinion, idea

im ánokfila achaffah v to be single-minded, determined to do something in a particular way

im ánokfila cháhah v to be high-minded, conceited, arrogant

im ánokfila iksho adj foolish, unthinking, silly, lacking sense

im ánokfila im alikchi n psychologist, mental health doctor

im anólih v to tell (something) to (someone) from anólih

im ano̱polih v to speak to (someone) ano̱polih

im asháchih v to provide (something) for (someone), take (two or more) to from asháchih

im a̱shah v to have (three or more objects) áshah plural subject

im a̱shaka n rear end (of someone), butt

im a̱shwah v to have (two children, animals) living with one

im áta̱pah v to be too big for áta̱pah átapah

im atobbih v to pay to (someone) atobbih

im a̱ttah v to have (something living with one)

im áyikhanah v to learn (something) from (someone) from ikhanah learn

im i̱ shahlih n 1 to prefer 2 to regard (someone, something) as more important

im ihaksih var. of im iyaksih forget

im ikbih v to make (something) for (someone) ikbih make

im illih v to lose

im íshih v to take from (someone), confiscate ishih

im ittayókomah v to be confused, mixed up ittayókomah be tangled

im iyaksih v to forget var. im ihaksih

im ohoyo n wife

im ohshatto n womb

im oklhilíchih v to cause (someone) to black out, knock out oklhilíchih

im oklhilíkah v to faint, pass out, black out

im ola̱sih v to be close by to (someone), nearby to from ola̱sih

im ónah v to have enough onah of one

imábi n winner

imah v to give falammi̱t imah v to give back ilímah v to give to oneself, give oneself to (someone)

ima̱yah var. of imayyah

imayya 1 adj surpassing, triumphant, victorious 2 n a winner, a victor, a conqueror

imayyah v to pass, prevail, surpass, defeat var. ima̱yah

imíholissochi n secretary

imma 1 post 1 toward 2 about comp hofóbi imma toward the deep part hofóbi isht a̱lhik imma isht a̱lhi

imma 2 n culture

immi n ways, traditions

imo̱baláha n brother-in-law (of a woman), husband’s brother

imosána n forehead

imosána hishi n eyebrows

imóshi n his/her maternal uncle, mother’s brother var. móshi

Imóshi Nittak n Thursday long form Nittak Hollo Imóshi Nittak

-ína var. of ánah var. of áhi̱lah

i̱nakfi her brother

inashshoka n her/his/its face nashshoka

innali n back (of the body) var. nali

innali foni n backbone, spine

innipi n flesh (of a human)

innipi illah v to be bare-chested, naked (from the waist up) illah only

innipi illah ósh while naked

innipi litikfochi n lotion

innóchi n necklace, collar

inno̱chi lo̱bo var. of shikalla lo̱bo inno̱chi beaded medallion

inno̱chih v to wear (around the neck)

innoti n her/his/its tooth noti tooth

innoti isht achífa n toothbrush

i̱pa áka̱chi n food stand

i̱pa chito n feast

i̱pa iskiti̱ni n snack

i̱pachih v to feed

i̱pachilah v to prepare food

i̱pah v to eat see a̱t i̱pah v to come eat ibá i̱pah v to eat with (someone)

ipítah v to feed (a baby, etc., as with a spoon), give (food), share (some of your food with)

ipohchi ittimápa n coachwhip snake Masticophis flagellum

ipok nakni n grandson

ipok tík n granddaughter

i̱ponna n finest, best

ippa̱shi n hair (of someone) pa̱shi hair

ippa̱shi kallochi n hairspray

ippa̱shi litokfochi hair gel

ippohchi n father-in-law pohchi n father-in-law

ippohchi ohóyo n mother-in-law short form pohchohóyo mother-in-law

ippokni n his/her grandmother

ish 1 ubd root pfx second person singular marker used before most actions done deliberately: you

i̱shat ilhkólih var. of i̱ shahlit ilhkólih

i̱shat tahah v to become more

ishbówa n hammer

ishih v to take, grasp, get, pick up hn-gr ihi̱shih a̱t ishih v to come take falammi̱t im ishih v to get (something) back from (someone), take back from falammi̱t ishih v to get (something) back im íshih v to take from (someone), confiscate i̱shih v to have kopólit ishih v to bite (someone) and hold on

íshih v 1 to get 2 hold, carry

i̱shih v to have from ishih

ishi̱sh var. of okhi̱sh

ishit var. of isht with

ishit bólih v to hit with (stones, a ball, etc.) bólih

ishit cho̱pa n currency

ishit cho̱pah v to buy with (money, etc.) cho̱pah

ishit haksichih phrase to bribe

ishit iláwatah v to brag about, boast about

ishit kihli n toilet paper, toilet tissue

ishit lha̱kko 1 var. of isht lha̱kko

ishit lha̱kko 2 n source of strength or power: muscles

ishit lho̱bbi var. of ishit lho̱bli var. of isht lho̱bli

ishit lho̱bli var. ishit lho̱bbi var. of isht lho̱bli drill

ishit litóli var. of isht litóli pestle

ishit nalhlhi n a syringe

ishit tihli n tweezers

ishit washówa var. of isht washóha toy toy

ishkacháya short form of isht kacháya scissors

ishki n mother

ishki achaffa n maternal aunt, mother’s sister

ishki toba n stepmother

ishkilli n soldier grasshopper

ishkish n anus, butthole

ishko n drinker

ishkoh v to drink ihi̱shkoh v to drink repeatedly

ishkona var. of iskona

ishpiha n shovel

isht prt 1 marker appearing before a verb and meaning 'with (a tool, etc.)' 2 marker appearing before a verb and meaning 'about (a topic)' var. ishit

isht afábi n left (side or direction)

isht afácha n latch, fastener, safety pin, clasp

isht ahalláyah v to be concerned about, care about, show interest in ahalláyah be concerned

isht áhollo n yaupon holly

isht akmochi n glue, tape

isht akostini̱chi n understanding of (something) akostini̱chi awareness

isht a̱lhi right (side or direction), starboard sp. var. isht a̱lhlhi var. isht i̱pak isht a̱lhik imma phrase toward the right var. isht i̱pak imma

isht alhkama n lid, cap, top, cork

isht a̱lhlhi sp. var. of isht a̱lhi

isht alhpísah v 1 to fit (of clothes), suit 2 to be comfortable from alhpísah alhpisah

isht ano̱póli n discussion

isht ano̱polih v to discuss, talk about from ano̱polih

isht ápachi n button

isht apísa n ruler, measuring stick, yardstick

isht ashannichi n key

isht ataklamah v 1 to worry about 2 to be bothered from ataklamah worry

isht átalówa n chant

isht átapa adj unruly, disobedient

isht átapah v to be rowdy, unruly, disobedient, playing around, messing around

isht atohchínah to be third of (a group) from atohchínah third

isht atoklah v to be second of (kids in a family, etc.) from atoklah

isht attah v 1 to mess with, pick at, fiddle with 2 to do (an activity), do (something that is not your main occupation), mess around with from attah stay (of one)

isht a̱yah v 1 to carry, bring 2 to drive (a car, etc.) 3 to take care of, manage from a̱yah be going

isht bóli n drumstick, chant stick var. iti bóli chant stick

isht chahi n hoe

isht cha̱li n ax, pickax

isht chamáhachi n bells

isht chokoshpah v to gossip about (someone) chokoshpah see

isht fotólit lho̱bli var. of isht lho̱bli drill

isht haloppachi n sharpener

isht hikít iyah v to start (something) with (a prayer, etc.)

isht hikít mi̱ti kat from the time (something happened)

isht hitoklaho̱ adv a second time hitoklah twice

isht holmo n roof

isht hoshi̱tikáchi n umbrella

isht i̱ holloh v to be stingy with (money, food, etc.)

isht i̱ ponnah v to be great at (doing something), skilled at, talented at from i̱ ponnah

isht i̱cho̱li n writing utensil: pen, pencil, chalk, etc.

isht ik im o̱noh v to be upset

isht ik ónoh v to be wrong, improper, insufficient

isht ilaskofáchi n belt var. ilíyaskofáchi

isht iláwatah v to show off (a new toy, etc.) from iláwatah

isht ilíbalámachi n cologne, perfume

isht ilíkashóchi n washcloth

isht ilímahlichi n fan (hand-held or automatic)

isht ilíshilihli n something to dry oneself with: towel

isht im achokmah v to be excited about im achokmah from achokmah

isht imma about (a topic), concerning

isht i̱pa n spoon

isht i̱pak var. of isht a̱lhi

isht i̱pak imma var. of isht a̱lhik imma isht a̱lhi imma 1

isht ishko n cup

isht i̱talakchi n bait

isht ittanówah v to carry on (a language, a tradition), carry on with

isht ittibi n something to fight with: weapon, etc.

isht iya n a taker, repo person

isht iyah v to take (somewhere) from iyah of one

isht kacháya n scissors short form ishkacháya

isht kachíli n scissors

isht kafa n ladle (for water), dipper

isht kalásha n scissors

isht kashóchi short form of isht kashólichi eraser

isht kashólichi n what you wipe or rub with: napkin, eraser short form isht kashóchi

isht katablih v to block with (something) from katablih

isht ko̱ta n whistle

isht lha̱kko n strength, power var. ishit lha̱kko 1

isht lho̱bli n drill var. ishit lho̱bli isht fotólit lho̱bli

isht litóli n pestle var. ishit litóli

isht milhoffa n file (tool)

isht nanabli n what you swallow with: throat

isht nosíchih v to put to sleep by (doing something) from nosíchih

isht óchi n container (for water), bucket, pail (hangs on a rope inside a well) var. okashtóchi

isht ofko n fanner, fanning basket short form ofko 2

isht ofkoh v older word to fan (corn, etc.), sift (corn, etc.) from ofkoh

isht okfiyáchi n laxative

isht o̱miláyachi n marker, crayon, colored pencil

isht onah v to get there with (of one), bring there onah of one

isht o̱poholmo n cover, canopy

isht pa̱shpowa n broom

isht patta n palm, sole var. isht pahta

isht shápoli n wheelbarrow

isht sho̱ka var. of ná ishko ásho̱ka

isht tala n seam

isht tallakchi n something to tie with: rope, yarn, shoelace, etc.

isht tiwa n key

isht tohchínah to be three from (a certain point) from tohchínah three

isht washóha n something you play with: toy, game var. ishit washówa toy isht washówa

isht washóhah v to play with (a ball, etc.)

isht washówa var. of isht washóha toy

isht wíki n weight

isht yohli n sifter

ishtakáchi n fishhook, fishing hook

ishtakli n ladle (for soup)

ishtayyópi var. of istayyópi

ishtika n traditional guide who shares wisdom, respected facilitator, officiant (for a wedding), overseer of a group, cultural counselor, orator, host

isikópah v to bully

iskali n money var. skali

iskali áboshollichi n newer word bank

iskali áyásha n newer word bank

iskali áyásháchi n newer word bank

iskali boshóli n change (for a large bill, etc.)

iskali i̱ shokcha n purse, wallet var. iskali shokcha

iskali ikono n dime

iskali lakna n penny

iskali shokcha var. of iskali i̱ shokcha

iskali toklo n quarter, two bits

iskifa n ax, splitting maul

iski̱fa n ax

iski̱fosi n hatchet

iskitíni 1 adj small amount, a little bit var. istikíni

iskitíni 2 n horned owl

iskona n 1 intestines 2 chitterlings var. ishkona

iskonáchih v to gut, clean (an animal)

iso̱las n tongue var. hato̱las isso̱las isso̱lash ito̱las

issachih v to make stop, turn off see

issah v 1 to stop, quit (doing something) 2 to close

issap n louse, lice

issap nihi n nit, louse egg

issat issah v to have just finished, quit, be over, be completed

issi n deer, antelope issi hakshop deerhide, deerskin

issi hakshop deerhide, deerskin from issi hakshop skin

issi holba chito n moose

issi i̱ takkon n southern crabapple tree

issi i̱ takkon oshi api n plum tree (American plum tree)

issi kosóma n goat var. sokosóma

issi lapish n deer antlers

issi osi n fawn

issi tík n doe

issis n blood var. issish

issis i̱ hina n blood vein

issis illah v to be bloody illah only

issish var. of issis

issito n pumpkin, squash

issito holba n newer word summer squash var. issito oshi

issito oshi var. of issito holba summer squash

issoba n horse, colt

issoba basówa n zebra

issoba haksobish faláya n donkey, mule, ass

issoba i̱ chokka n horse stable

issoba i̱ sholosh n horseshoe

issoba isht halalli n bridle (for a horse)

issoba itti̱pakna n horse race

issoba kapa̱li n horse bit

issoba o̱biníli n saddle

issoba osi n pony

issoba tík n mare

issoba to̱ksali n mule, work horse

issoba yilhípa n race horses

issoh v to hit, strike see

isso̱las var. of iso̱las tongue

isso̱lash var. of iso̱las tongue

istayyópi 1 n the last, last one, final one 2 adj last var. ishtayyópi

istikíni var. of iskitíni 1

ít directional marker added before a verb to indicate direction toward the speaker: here, this way

ít filímah v to turn (and look this way) filímah

itakha n mouth var. itakka

itakka var. of itakha mouth

i̱takóbi adj lazy

italhpówa n chinaberry tree

italikchi n black cherry

italikchi alhpówa n domesticated cherry

itchoshshak n base of neck

ithanah var. of ikhanah learn

itha̱nah var. of ikha̱nah from ikhanah

iti n 1 tree, wood, stick iti ittóla n fallen tree 2 stick 3 piece of wood

iti ani var. of hika losa api

iti bacháya n footbridge (made of one log)

iti bachóha n footbridge (made of several logs) bachóha two or more

iti basha n board

iti basha chokka n frame house

iti bashli n saw

iti bóli var. of isht bóli chant stick

iti chanáha n wagon var. iti chanalli ti chanalli

iti chanalli var. of iti chanáha wagon

iti fabassa n sacred pole see

iti hacho̱choba var. of ikhi̱sh patassa api

iti hakshop n tree bark

iti hishi n leaf, leaves on a tree

iti hishi apa n leafhopper

iti hishi haloppa n 1 American holly 2 yaupon holly

iti ishit shi̱ma n Christmas ornament

iti isht bashli n saw

iti isht nipa var. of iti nipa rabbit stick

iti ittóla n fallen tree from iti 1 tree ittolah to fall down

iti kafi n sassafras tree

iti kallo n bois d’arc

iti kapassa var. of ikhi̱sh patassa api Byington 1852:24

iti kochayáya n night heron

iti kolófa n tree stump

iti kosóma n sourwood tree

iti naksish n tree branch

iti nipa n rabbit stick var. iti isht nipa

iti nipa ikbi n rabbit stick maker var. itishnipa ikbi

iti patápo n bridge, floor var. iti ta̱po

iti sháli n logging truck sháli 1 carrier

iti shíma n Christmas tree

iti shimáfa n splinter var. shimáfa

iti ta̱po var. of iti patápo

iti taptówa n wood blocks

iti tipi̱ha n striking sticks, chant sticks

iti toshbi n rotten wood

itih n mouth

itih sokpi n cheek

itikba post the front of (a house, etc.)

itishnipa ikbi var. of iti nipa ikbi

ito̱bi n trunk, casket, coffin

ito̱bi ikbi n casket maker

itokawilóha n hazel alder

itokchi var. of hitokchi drool

ito̱las var. of iso̱las tongue

ito̱lash faláya n a gossip

ittabówah v to collide, run into each other from abówah hit

ittachákah v to be attached to, connected to

ittachákalíchih v to put together

ittachákalih v to join together, tie together, splice together

ittachápa n partners, mates, matching pairs var. ittichápa see

ittachápah v to be partnered (in a dance, etc.)

ittacháyah v to collide acháyah

ittachokmahnih v to like each other

ittachówah v to argue with

ittafámah v to meet

ittahchi n her/his/its/their shoulder tahchi shoulder

ittahóba n a gathering

ittahóbah v 1 to assemble (of people), convene, get together 2 get:together a̱t ittahobah v to come gather, come meet

ittahobbih v 1 to accumulate, pile up, gather together 2 to pick up (passengers) var. ittahoblih

ittahoblih var. of ittahobbih

ittaholbah v be the same, look the same, resemble var. itti holbah

ittakobba n stomach, belly, abdomen

ittaláchih v to arrive here (of two), get here see ta̱kla ittaláchih v to come with (someone, of two) see

ittalho̱fah v to be dislocated, get dislocated see

ittalhtobówachih v to switch (ball players, etc.)

ittalhtobówah var. of itti alhtobówah alternate

ittanáha n church gathering

ittanáhah v to congregate, assemble (for church, meetings, etc.)

ittanoho̱wah v to keep going, walking from ittanówah from nówah nówat ittanoho̱wah

Ittanówa Hilha n Walk Dance

ittanówah v 1 to do (something) together 2 to go around together, walk together 3 visit from nówah ittanoho̱wah

ittapíhah v to be together (of a group of people) apíhah

ittashíhachih v to tangle (something)

ittashíhah v to be tangled

ittashíkonówa n a tangle (of yarn, thread, hair)

ittatóba n trader

ittatóbah v to trade with

ittatokloh v to both be together

ittato̱kloh v to be two, be both

ittatowwachih var. of ittatowwichih

ittatowwichih v to mess up (a puzzle, a room, etc.) var. ittatowwachih short form tatowwichih

ittawáya n wedding

Ittawáya Hilha n Wedding Dance

ittawáyah v 1 to be married, get married 2 to marry (someone)

ittayokhana n a cross

ittayókomah v to be mixed up, confused im ittayókomah v to be confused, mixed up

ittayókomih v to mix (things) up, confuse

ittayokshanáya n x-shaped cross

itti- v pfx each other, together

itti̱- v pfx recip:III

itti alhtobówah v to alternate, take turns, switch var. ittalhtobówah

itti̱ bili̱ka post near to each other, close to each other

itti̱ falámah v to reunite

itti̱ falammichih v to separate

itti̱ falammih v to be separated

itti̱ filámóchih v to separate (two children, etc.)

itti̱ filámówah v to depart (of a group)

itti holbah var. of ittaholbah

itti̱ holloh v to care for each other

itti ka̱chih v to be separated (of a couple)

itti̱ kanómi n cousins of each other, relatives of each other

itti̱ kanómih v to be related

itti lawit nówah v to date (to walk together)

itti lawwichi n adjustment

itti lawwichih v to make equal, balance, straighten

itti lawwih v 1 to be equal, even, the same 2 together var. ittilawwih be equal

itti̱ nokoho̱wah v to be mad at each other (repeatedly) from itti̱ nokówah

itti̱ nokówah v to be mad at each other itti̱ nokoho̱wah v to be mad at each other (repeatedly)

itti o̱ kahpowah v to be laid on each other (of sticks, wood, etc.) kahpowah

itti̱ paknah v to race, compete

ittibá achaffah v to be as one together, agree ibá achaffah achaffah var. ittibáyachaffah short form ittibá chaffah

ittibá chaffah short form of ittibá achaffah ibá achaffah

ittibá talówa alhíha n choir

ittibalhto n something put in together with (something else)

ittibalhtoh v to enter together alhtoh enter (of two) ittiba̱lhtoh

ittiba̱lhtoh v to be mixed together ittibalhtoh alhtoh

ittibánih v to combine

ittibápishi var. of ittiyápishi

ittibáyachaffah var. of ittibá achaffah ibá achaffah

ittibi n boxer, fighter

Ittibi Hilha n War Dance

Ittibi Palhki Hilha n Fast War Dance

ittibih v to fight

ittichápa var. of ittachápa match

ittichápah v to partner up

itti̱filammi v separate

ittihalallih n to be married, get married

ittihalbi var. of ittiyalbi

ittihalbi miláyachi n lipstick

itti̱kána n friendship, best friends

Itti̱kána Hilha n Friendship Dance

itti̱kanah v older word To get to know with romantic interest

ittikkanah v to get to know each other

ittilawwih var. of itti lawwih be equal

ittim ano̱polih v to talk together, converse holisso ittim ano̱polih v to read

ittim atahlih v to agree with each other, to conclude in accord

ittim ikka̱nah v to be acquainted, know each other

ittim iklanna to̱ksali n sharecropper

ittim i̱lah v to be different from each other

Ittimólabi Hilha n Stealing Partners Dance

ittishi n wrestler

ittishih v to wrestle

itti̱ta̱kla post between (two things) itti̱ta̱kla ka̱ post between (two points in time), before (night, etc.)

itti̱ta̱kla ka̱ post between (two points in time), before (night, etc.) itti̱ta̱kla between

ittitommah v to be close together (of trees, cars, etc.)

ittiyáchih v to go (of two) see hikít ittiyáchih v to start (of two), start (doing), begin see

ittiyahnih v to take an interest in each other, have a crush on each other from ahnih wish

ittiyákayyah v to follow each other

ittiyalbi n lip, lips var. ittihalbi

ittiyalhíha n family

ittiyáni̱chih v to carry on with both (activities), do both (things)

ittiyápishi n sibling, brother, sister var. ttiyapishi var. ittibápishi

ittiyapíya v go:together

ittiyásanálih v 1 to be opposite of each other 2 to be conflicting, against each other, opposed ásanálih

itto̱ short form of itto̱lah from ittólah

ittoko̱wisha var. of tokwi̱shak willow tree

ittolah v to fall down comp iti ittóla iti comp okattolah

ittólah v to lie down (of one) illi áttola var. of illi áyittóla see itto̱lah

itto̱lah v to be lying down from ittólah lie down (of one) illi áttola short form itto̱

ittomma post near, close to

ittonáchih v to arrive there (of two), get to (a place) see falámat ittonáchih v to get back to (a place), come back to, return there (of two)

iyá si̱ti n eel var. nani si̱ti yási̱ti

iyáchona n back of neck

iyah v 1 to go (of one), go to comp hattak shotik misha iya astronaut hattak 2 begin:to see a̱t iyah v to pass by (of one), come by, go by see awa̱t iyah v to go along with (somebody) falámat iyah v to go back (of one), return (somewhere else) falammi̱t isht iyah v to take (something) back to (a place) fokkat iyah v to go in (a plane, etc., of one) hikít iyah v 1 to start (something, of one), start (doing), begin 2 to come from (some place) sp. var. hikítiya see áyisht hikít iyah v to begin at (a place) i̱ shahlit iyah v to get more (rowdy, etc., of one), escalate, go beyond var. i̱ shát iyah ihi̱yah v to go (repeatedly) isht iyah v to take (somewhere) o̱t iyah v 1 to pass by (of one), go by 2 to be past (a certain time) see pist iyah v to go see (someone), visit tahat iyah v to be lost (of an object, idea, practice), worn out, going to it's end ta̱kla iyah to go with (someone, of one) see ta̱kla pist iyah v to go see (someone) with (someone), visit

iyákayya n a follower

iyákayyah v to follow

iyalli n price, cost var. yalli

iyanabi n hop-hornbeam, ironwood

iyánah v excusable, to be

iyyakchosh n claw, talon var. iyyakosh long form iyyi akchosh

iyyakosh var. of iyyakchosh

iyyi n 1 foot 2 hoof, paw

iyyi akchosh long form of iyyakchosh

iyyi api n leg

iyyi bánoh v to be barefoot bánoh

iyyi cha̱ko n calf (of the leg)

iyyi hanáli var. of hanáli

iyyi i̱ shilokwa calf of the leg

iyyi i̱kaláha var. of iyyi kaláha knee

iyyi im oksak n ankle var. iyyi imossak iyyimo̱sak iyyipo̱sak

iyyi imossak var. of iyyi im oksak ankle

iyyi ishki n big toe

iyyi ishki apáta n second toe

iyyi ishpahta áhabli taka̱li n footprint

iyyi ishpatta n sole of foot

iyyi kaláha n knee var. iyyi i̱kaláha

iyyi kotóba n heel of foot

iyyi lha̱pko n calf of the leg

iyyi oshi n toe short form iyyoshi

iyyi oshi akni n fourth toe

iyyi oshi a̱lhi n little toe

iyyi oshi hakshop n toenail

iyyi oshi iklanna n middle toe

iyyi oshi osi n little toe

iyyi shilokwa n the calf of the leg

iyyikowa n work party or gathering for someone sick or injured

iyyimo̱sak var. of iyyi im oksak ankle

iyyipo̱sak var. of iyyi im oksak ankle

iyyobi n thigh

iyyop n son-in-law, niece’s husband

iyyoshi short form of iyyi oshi

K k

k- v pfx 1pN

-k mat var. of -kmat

ka var. of hihka

-ka v sfx must have,

-ka̱ v sfx comp:ds

kabotcha n 1 stickball sticks 2 stickball (the sport) var. kapotcha

kabotcha átóli n stickball game

Kabotcha Hilha n Stickball Dance

kabotcha ikbi n stickball stick maker

kabotcha tóli n stickball player

kabotcha towwa n stickball (the ball used in the game)

ka̱chak n barn

kacha̱lih var. of kicha̱lih be cracked

kacháyah v to cut (with shears)

ka̱chi cha iyah v to leave without (someone)

ka̱chih 1 v to sell see i̱ ka̱chih v to sell to, sell for

ka̱chih 2 v to really (do something) comp tát ka̱chih tahlih

kachílih v to cut (with scissors)

kachíyah v to be cut (with scissors)

kacho̱bih v to be lumpy, swollen

kafi n 1 sassafras 2 coffee

kafi áhoni n coffee maker var. kafi áhonni

kafi áhonni var. of kafi áhoni coffee maker

kafi áyikbi n coffee maker

kafi chakbi coffee maker

Kafi hashi n Sassafras month (July)

kafi lakchi n coffee dregs lakchi

káh n car

káh ayiska n car mechanic

kahah v to lie down (of two) see ka̱hah v to be lying down (of two)

kahlih v 1 to lay (something plural) down 2 to bet

kahma̱yah v to be lying down (of three or more) var. kama̱ya see

kahpolih v to put (two or more) down, lay (two or more) down var. kappoli see

kahpowah v to be laid down itti o̱ kahpowah v to be laid on each other (of sticks, wood, etc.)

ka̱ka short form of aka̱ka chicken

-kako̱ short form of -ókako̱

-kakósh v sfx but:ss

kalach n collard greens

kala̱chah v to be rotten or rancid

kaláchi n color

kaláfah v to be scratched

kalaffih v to scratch (one) see

kaláhah v older word to be round (like a ball or a circle)

kalahlih v 1 to make round (like a ball or a circle) 2 to be all scratched up

kalakbi n newer word sloped valley

kalakshichih v to embarrass var. kalaksichih

kalakshih v to be shy, embarrassed i̱ kalakshih v to be shy around (someone), embarrassed around, ashamed around

kalaksichih var. of kalakshichih disappoint

kala̱pi adj frozen

kala̱pichi short form of ákala̱pichi freezer freezer

kala̱pichih v to freeze

kali n a well, a spring var. kalih

kali oka n spring water, well water

kalih var. of kali

kallichih v to scratch (two or more or several times, as in a fight) var. kallih see

kallih var. of kallichih scratch (two or more)

kallochih v to harden

kalloh v to be hard, strong

kama̱ya var. of kahma̱yah lying down (of three or more)

kamóta var. of komótah

kanáchih short form of kanallichih

kanah 1 indefinite 1 someone, somebody 2 anyone, whoever 3 (not) anyone, nobody (in a negative sentence), no one 4 who (in a question within another sentence) kanah i̱la someone else, everyone else kanah kiyoh phrase it's not anyone, it's nobody

kanah 2 short form of kaniyah 2

kanah i̱la someone else, everyone else kanah 1 someone

kanah kiya indefinite anyone, someone

kanah kiyoh phrase it's not anyone, it's nobody from kanah 1 someone

kanah mako̱ indefinite everyone, everybody

kanah mo̱mah indefinite everyone

kanallichih v to move (something) short form kanáchih

kanallih v to move, move oneself

kani 1 indefinite somewhere, some place kaníno somewhere 2 n some (of them) 3 v be:some:amount:of:time

kaní kano some day

kaní kiya 1 indefinite somewhere 2 any way

kani máko var. of kanimma máko̱

kanih short form of kanihmih kanímih 3

kanihchi var. of kanitchi

kanihmi indefinite anyway

kanihmih v to do (something indefinite) short form kanih

kanihmina indefinite why (in a question within another sentence), the reason (for something) see

kaniht var. of kanit

kaníkako̱ indefinite whenever, at whatever time

kanikma̱ var. of kaníkma̱

kaníkma̱ indefinite sometimes, some day var. kanikma̱

kaníkmako̱ whenever

kanímako̱ var. of kanimma máko̱

kanímih 1 short form of kaniyómih some

kanímih 2 v for something to happen

kanímih 3 v to get better, recover short form kanih

kanimma indefinite 1 somewhere 2 someone var. kanomma

kanimma kiya 1 pro whichever 2 indefinite wherever, anywhere, whichever way 3 indefinite whoever

kanimma máko̱ anywhere var. kani máko kanímako̱

kanimma makósh indefinite whenever, the time when

kanimma mo̱mah everywhere mo̱mah be all

kaníno kani 1 somewhere

kanit 1 v to do somehow 2 how, a certain way var. kaniht

kanitchi indefinite how (in a question within another sentence) var. kanihchi

kaniyah 1 v 1 to be really (pretty, etc.), completely, very 2 to really (do something)

kaniyah 2 v to probably (do something), almost (doing something) short form kanah 2

kaníyah 1 v to go away (of one), leave see i̱ kaníyah v 1 to be lost to (of an item, someone through death) 2 to leave from (someone, as a fever)

kaníyah 2 v 1 to be lost (of one), disappear 2 to pass away (of one) see i̱ kaníyah v 1 to be lost to (of an item, someone through death) 2 to leave from (someone, as a fever)

kaniyak n some place

kaniyohmih indefinite 1 how (used in a question within another sentence), however, somehow 2 some (people, etc.) var. kanohmi

kaniyómih v 1 to be some (men, women, etc.) 2 to do something short form kanímih 1

-kano v sfx comp:ds:2

kanohmi var. of kaniyohmih

kanohmih 1 adj an indefinite amount: some, several, etc. 2 interrogative some amount sp. var. kanómi 2 o̱t kanohmit tahahma̱ some (days, minutes, etc.) later

kanohmona some of them

kanómi 1 n cousin, relative

kanómi 2 sp. var. of kanohmih how much

kanomma var. of kanimma somewhere

kapálih v to put in the mouth kapa̱lih v to have in the mouth

kapa̱lih v to have in the mouth from kapálih

kapassah v to be cold okassa cold water i̱ kapassah v to feel cold

kapassalih v to cool, chill (a room, a drink, etc.)

ka̱pila n a sale (of baskets, etc.)

ka̱pilah v to sell (multiple objects) see

kapko 1 n grove

kapko 2 n hackberry

kapon api n shagbark hickory tree

kapotcha var. of kabotcha

kappoli var. of kahpolih put (two)

kasbi n dirt yard

-kásh v sfx marker appearing after a verb or numeral following someone or something previously mentioned

ka̱sha suffix might, maybe, possibly

kashablih v to divide (something), share, divvy up

ka̱shak ahi

kashápa n parts or pieces of something that has been divided like a team or cake

kashápah v to be divided

kashího n old woman

kashíhoh v to be older (of a woman--not of animals)

kashka n mud cat, channel cat, yellow catfish

kashkolih

kashófa adj clean, tidy

kashófah v 1 to be clean 2 to have been forgiven kasho̱fah v to be very clean

kasho̱fah v to be very clean from kashófah be clean

kashoffih v to clean, clear, erase i̱ kashoffih v to forgive

kashohlichih var. of kashólichih

kashólichih v to wipe (more than once), scrub var. kashohlichih short form kashóchih

kashtih n flea

-kat v sfx 1 marker of the subject of a sentence (appearing after a verb or numeral): the one that 2 marker at the end of a sentence indicating that the subject of that sentence is the same as the next sentence

katablih v to cut off, obstruct, block see isht katablih v to block with (something)

kata̱chih short form of kata̱lichih

katah interrogative who, whose

katak short form of katiyak where

ka̱tak n laurel greenbrier

ka̱tak api n briar or bramble

kata̱li adj tight, snug

kata̱lichih v 1 to make tight, grip tightly 2 to get squeezed 3 to tighten short form kata̱chih see

kata̱lih v to be tight, snug see

katápah to block (a road, a person, etc.) i̱ katápah to block (a road, a person, etc.)

katash interrogative who (subject form)

katayohmi var. of katiyohmi

kati 1 n 1 thorn 2 red hawthorn 3 honey locust 4 eastern mayhew

kati 2 1 interrogative where 2 interrogative how long, how long ago 3 indefinite how

kati a̱cho n wild rose Rosa arkansana see

kati lakna n bois d'arc

kati losa n black locust

katiffih v to turn off, cut off (water, power, funding, etc.), cut off (another driver)

katihchi short form of katímihchih

katihchih interrogative to do how sp. var. katitchi see

katihmi

katihmih interrogative 1 what is the matter (with someone)? what is wrong, happening with? 2 what (does, will) (someone) do? var. katími

katihmina interrogative why, how come, what is the reason var. katímina see

katiht interrogative how see

katihtchi sp. var. of katitchi sp. var. of katihchih

katíkak interrogative when (in the future)

katíkako̱ interrogative when var. kati̱kako̱

kati̱kako̱ var. of katíkako̱

katíkásh interrogative when (in the past), when was it

katikma̱ interrogative when (in the future)

katími var. of katihmih how

katímihchih interrogative 1 to do (something unknown) 2 to do how short form katihchi see

katímihósh interrogative how see

katímina var. of katihmina

katímish interrogative how see

katimma interrogative 1 where 2 which var. katomma

katimmakako̱ interrogative 1 which 2 where

katimmakakósh interrogative which katimmásh interrogative which (of 3 or more) katommásh interrogative which (of three or more)

katimma̱pokakósh interrogative which (of two)

katimmásh interrogative which (of 3 or more) contr katimmakakósh which

katína interrogative why, how come see

katitchi sp. var. katihtchi sp. var. of katihchih how

katiyak interrogative where short form katak

katiyohmi interrogative 1 how many 2 why var. katayohmi

katiyohmikako̱ interrogative which (plural), which ones (object form)

katiyohmikakósh interrogative how many (subject form)

kato var. of katos cat

-kato v sfx comp:ss

kato oshi var. of katosi kitten

katóba var. of kotóba glass bottle

katohmih interrogative how many, how much

katomma var. of katimma where

katommásh interrogative which (of three or more) contr katimmakakósh which

katos n cat var. kato

katoshi var. of katosi kitten

katosi n kitten var. kato oshi katoshi katososhi katososi

katososhi var. of katosi kitten

katososi var. of katosi kitten

-katto v sfx exclamatory

kawásha var. of kowásha short

kayákachih v to waddle (like a duck)

kayyah v to be full (from eating) var. okayyah

kayyih exclamation exclamation at something wrong happening: oh, no!

ki- v pfx Prefix for 'we' in the negative and in 'let's' expressions.

kicha̱lih v to have a rash var. kacha̱lih

kifáhah v to grunt

kiffi̱hah v to strike repeatedly with elbow or palm

kifíhah v to punch

kihlih v to wipe oneself i̱ kihlih v to wipe (another person, as a baby)

kil- v pfx 1pN

kilíhah v to growl

kili̱ki n parakeet

kili̱ki chito n parrot

kináfah v to fall (of a tree), be felled, knocked down, chopped down (of a tree)

kinaffih v to chop down, fell (a tree)

kinni̱hah v to banter

kísan n tire, wheel

ki̱shah suffix yet, still

kishih n burden basket

ki̱ta n beaver

ki̱ta hakshop n beaver pelt, beaver skin

ki̱ta holba n muskrat

kitak n sawyer beetle

kittih n mortar var. kotti

kittosh n older word mortar (bowl for grinding)

-kiya 1 n sfx even, any, also, too 2 v sfx even though, although 3 kind of ano ak kiya me too, I also, me as well pishno ak kiya us too, we also yohmih kiya conj even though it’s like that, although

kiya̱ti n candy

-kiyo̱ v sfx must be

kíyo var. of kiyoh

kiyoh 1 interj no 2 not var. kíyo

Klaist n Christ

-kma v sfx irr

-kma̱ v comp:sr sfx irr:ds der. mishshakma̱ mishsha

-kmat v comp:sr sfx irr:ss var. -k mat

ko short form of okokko alas

kobáfa adj broken, snapped (of a branch, pencil, chair leg, etc.) var. kobófa

kobáfah v to break (of one branch, pencil, chair leg, etc.), be broken, snap see

kobaffih v to break (one branch, pencil, chair leg, etc.), snap see

kobahlichih v to break (two or more, as branches, pencils, chair legs, etc.), snap see

kobahlih v to break (of two or more, as of branches, pencils, chair legs, etc.), be broken, snap see

koblih v to bite (repeatedly), nibble, chew, gnaw see

kobófa var. of kobáfa broken apart

kobolli n a chip, chipped off pieces

kobollichih to chip, flake (something)

kobollih v to be broken to pieces

kocha n 1 outside 2 weather see

kocha ápisa n window

kochá balíli ánówa n a track something runs along outside

kocháwílih v to take out (two or more, as from a box)

kocháwiyah v to come out (of three or more)

kochófah v to be bent (of a fender, metal etc.)

kochoffih v to bend

kofi n quail, bobwhite quail

Kofi Hilha n Quail Dance

kohchi sp. var. of kotchih

koho exclamation exclamation at something wrong happening: oh, no!

kókolih v to shatter several (plates, glasses, etc.)

kókowah v to shatter, be shattered (eggs, plates, glasses, etc.)

kolháha n southern magnolia

kólih v to shatter, break (an egg, glass, windows, etc.)

kollih v to dig (a well, a hole, ditch, grave, etc.)

kolófah v to be cut, gashed (a deep cut, like a split)

koloffih v to cut (a body part with a fishing line or paper, for example)

kolokbi n ditch, gulley long form yakni kolokbi

kolo̱kopi

kommichi n ache

kommichih v 1 to ache 2 to tingle, pine, long for

komóta n anxiety, fear

komótah v to be fearful, nervous, anxious var. kamóta

koni var. of konih skunk

Koni Hata n Conehatta

konih n skunk var. koni

kopólih v to bite once see

kopólit ishih v to bite (someone) and hold on ishih

kosh kosh n fried corn meal

ko̱shak n reed brake

koshíba n pokeweed

kosómah v to stink (of the feet, sweat, etc.)

kostinih 1 adj to be gentle

kostinih 2 v to get sober, be well-behaved kosti̱nih v to be sober, righteous, well-behaved

kosti̱nih v to be sober, righteous, well-behaved from kostinih 2

kotah v to be weak

ko̱tah v to whistle

kotchah v to go out see á kotchah v to come out of, go out of (something)

kotchih v to take (something) out, get (something) out sp. var. kohchi halát kotchih v to pull out

kotóba n glass bottle, glass container var. katóba

kotti var. of kittih mortar

kówa adj shattered, broken into pieces

kowáfábi n paper wasp var. oká fábi

kówah v to shatter, be shattered, broken into pieces (of one)

kowánokásha var. of bohpoli

kowásha adj short (in height, as of people, animals, trees, etc.) var. kawásha

kowáshah v to be short (in height, as of people, animals, trees, etc.)

kowi 1 n panther, cougar, jaguar

kowi 2 n forest

kowi basówa n tiger

kowi chito n large panther, jaguar, or other panthera species - lion, leopard, cheetah, etc.

Kowi Chito hashi n Big Panther month (December)

kowi lhiyohli n cow killer wasp, eastern velvet ant

kowi̱chosh n young bobcat or lynx

Kowi̱chosh hashi n Wildcat month (January)

kowih n mile

L l

lacha adj wet

lachah v to be wet

lachálih v to get (something) wet

lakchi n wet particles: dregs, slurry, etc. kafi lakchi n coffee dregs shinok lakchi n sand slurry

lakcho var. of lapcho earthworm

lakna adj yellow

lakna hata adj orange

lakna hatah v to be orange

laknah v 1 to be yellow 2 to be rusty

lakós var. of alak osi brother-in-law

laksha n sweat

lakshah v to sweat

lapáchi short form of lapálichih

lapálichih v to stick (something) to short form lapáchi

lapálih v to stick to see

lapálika post side, beside see

lapcho n worm, earthworm var. lakcho

lapish n horn, antlers

lapish ishttakáshi n medicine horn

lapitta n a stag, male deer

lapohma̱yah v to have (thorns, moles, etc. attached) see

laposhkichih v to soften (a hide, etc.)

laposhkih v to be soft, spongy (as cornbread or cake) var. yaboshkih

lashpah v to be hot (of weather, water, a pan, etc.) i̱ lashpah v to feel hot, be hot (of a person)

lassáchih v to slap (once)

lassa̱hah v to slap (repeatedly)

latassah v to be flat

la̱wa kat phrase a lot of them, most of them (subject form) lawah

lawáchih v to get a lot (of something), make a lot (of something)

lawah v to be many, lots, much, a lot of i̱ lawah v to have much, a lot, a whole bunch, many ik láwo n a little bit (of something), a few ik láwoh v to be few, less, not a lot, not many, not enough, run out la̱wa kat phrase a lot of them, most of them (subject form) la̱wah v to be many, plenty

la̱wah v to be many, plenty lawah

lawwih v to pick up (something heavy)

lhabahlih v to drip (slowly)

lhaba̱kah v to snore

lhabócha adj boiled

lhabóchah v to be boiling (of food in water, etc.)

lhabóha var. of lhabówah

lhaboshlichih v to be bubbling, simmering (as of food)

lhabówah v to be round, spherical, plump var. lhabóha

lhacha̱kah v to be mushy

lhacho̱hah v to have multiple holes see

lhacho̱lichih v to make (multiple) holes in (something)

lhacho̱lih v to make a hole in (something) see

lhachówa n a sore

lhachówa ikhi̱sh n sore medicine (jimsonweed, thorn-apple) Datura stramonium

lhachówah v to have sores

lha̱fa n a mark, line, diacritical mark

lha̱fah v to be scratched, marked

lha̱ffih v to scratch (and leave one line), mark, score, rule see

lhafíhah v to be muddy, boggy

lhafítah v to be muddy, boggy

lhahlih v to scratch, scrape off (two or more marks) see

lha̱kah v 1 to grunt (like a bear in the woods) 2 to breathe hard, snort, snore

lha̱kko n strength, power, energy

lha̱kkochih v to strengthen, give strength

lha̱kkoh v 1 to be strong 2 to be strong var. lha̱pkoh falámat lha̱kkoh v to get strong again

lhako̱fah v to be safe (because you were cautious or escaped from something)

lhakoffichih v to miss (in doing something to something else, as in shooting a target)

lhakoffi̱chih v to save (someone)

lhakoffih v 1 to miss (an event) 2 to recover i̱ lhakoffih v to miss (a bus, appointment, etc.) lhako̱ffih v to be safe, escape

lhako̱ffih v to be safe, escape lhakoffih escape

lhálih v to spill

lha̱pkoh var. of lha̱kkoh

lhatápah v to drip (of a liquid) lhata̱pah v to be dripping (of water)

lhata̱pah v to be dripping (of water) lhatápah

lhatchi var. of lhilatchih

lhiblih v to make second-hand, used

lhi̱fah v to be strained or pulled (of a muscle)

lhi̱ffih v 1 to pluck out (hair) 2 to strain (a muscle) see

lhi̱kah v 1 to blow (the nose) 2 to rumble (like a car engine)

lhika̱hah v to be muddy

lhikoklo var. of lhoko̱klo hummingbird

lhiláfah v to tear or rip (of cloth), be torn or ripped (one time) comp ná lhiláfa ná 1

lhilaffih v to rip (paper, etc.), tear

lhilákachih v to throw tantrum, have a fit

lhilallih v to be shredded

lhilatchih v to rip or tear something (multiple times) var. lhatchi

lhillichih v to shred (paper, fabric, etc.)

lhipáchih v to slap or hit on the back or shoulder

lhipahlih v to be stripped

lhipíchih v to turn (something) upside down

lhipílih v to spill or pour out

lhipíyah v 1 to spill (of water, etc.) 2 to be turned over, upside down

lhippáchih v to slap, hit

lhippah v to be used, second-hand

lhippa̱hah v to beat up

lhitahlih v to drip

lhiti̱kah v to rumble (of an engine, etc.)

lhitófah v to be unwound (of string, etc.) var. lhitówah

lhitoffih v to unravel, unwind (string, etc.)

lhitówah var. of lhitófah

lhiyohlih v to chase var. lhiyóli

lhiyóli var. of lhiyohlih chase

lhobbah v to splash (like the sound made by a heavy object thrown into the water)

lho̱bih var. of lho̱blih

lho̱blih v to make holes (in a wall, etc.) var. lho̱bih

lhoboktah v to be short and round (of people, etc.)

lhobolli var. of lhopollih

lhobollichih var. of lhopollichih

lho̱chih v to make holes

lho̱fah v to be skinned

lho̱ffih v to skin (a rabbit, etc.)

lhokáchih v to lash, spank

lho̱kah v to grunt (like a pig)

lhokáta n whip

lhokka̱hah v to whip

lhoko̱klo n hummingbird var. lhikoklo tiko̱klo

lhópa var. of lho̱pa hole

lho̱pa n where something has pierced or punctured: hole (in a shirt, etc.) var. lhópa comp oski lho̱pa blow gun oski

lho̱plih v to pierce, puncture

lhopollichih v 1 to put through (thread through a needle, etc.) 2 to get through (with effort or difficulty) var. lhobollichih

lhopollih v to go through (town, a door, etc.) var. lhobolli nówat lhopollih v to walk through (a house, etc.)

lhowallih v to tease back and forth, banter

-li v 1sI sfx first person singular marker used after most actions done deliberately: I

libbichih v to make (something) flare up sp. var. liblichih

libbih v to flare up var. liblih

libíshah v to be warm (of coffee, water, weather, etc.)

libishlih v to warm (something, someone)

liblichih sp. var. of libbichih flare

liblih var. of libbih

lífokka var. of ilífokka clothes

likímah v to be warm

likimmih v to warm up (something), reheat

litáfah v to be broken (of string, rope, necklace, etc.)

litaffih v to break (string, rope, necklace, etc.)

litíhah v to be dirty

litihlih v to get (something) dirty

litikfoh v to be greasy, sticky (like a child eating a popsicle) var. litokfoh

litokfoh var. of litikfoh

litólih v to mash, grind

litówah v 1 to be mashed, beaten up 2 to be bruised, sore

liwílih var. of lowílih Bók Chito

lobáfah v to be picked (of a vegetable, etc.), pulled, broken off

lobaffih v to pull out, pull off (a squash, etc.), pick var. bolaffih

lobbih v to pull up (plants such as carrots, potatoes, etc.), uproot sp. var. loblih

loblih sp. var. of lobbih

lo̱bo n circle, sphere

lobo̱chi n egg

lo̱bochih v to make round

lo̱boh v to be round, spherical

loffih v to remove the skin or husk of a vegetable, hull (beans, etc.), peel (oranges, etc.), shuck (corn, etc.), shell (peas)

lohmat var. of lo̱mat

lohmih v to hide (something) ilí lohmih v to hide oneself

lokchok n mud

lokchok ahi n wild potato

lokfi n dirt, soil, clay

lokfi nona n brick

lokka n clothes, dress

lokka chito short form of ilokka chito coat long form of lokkashto

lokka lo̱bo n shirt

lokkashto n jacket, coat long form ilokka chito coat

lokóli n group, herd

lokólih v to be in a group, herd

loksi n 1 turtle, tortoise 2 lock

loksi bashkah n red-eared slider (turtle)

loksi chito n large tortoise, large turtle

loksi hakshop n turtle shell, tortoise shell

Loksi Hilha n Turtle Dance

lomah v to hide (oneself)

lo̱mah v to be quiet, quiet down

lo̱mahósh adv doing lightly, gently, easily

lo̱mat 1 doing quietly 2 doing slowly, easily, gently var. lohmat

lopi n 1 brain 2 marrow

losa adj black

lo̱sa n swamp var. lo̱ssah

losáchih v to dye or color black

losah v to be black

losakbi adj gray

losakbih v to be gray

losat tahah v to turn dark (of the sky), get a tan

losbih v to turn dark (of skin, a room, etc.)

loshommih v to finish off (food, paying bills, etc.)

lo̱ssah var. of lo̱sa swamp

lowáchih v to ignite, light, start (a fire), make burn

lowah v to burn, get burned

lowak n fire

lowak áhokmi n fireplace

lowak ákocháwiha n fire escape

lowak áyololhti n fireplace

lowak áyóti n fireplace

lowak chito n hell

lowak isht ikbi n matches, lighter

lowak isht tobáchi n matches

lowak ittibi n firefighter

lowak moshólichi n firefighter

lowak moshólichi oka sháli n fire engine

lowak oka isht o̱lháli n firehose

lowak palah n torch

lowak toba matches

lowíchih v to cause (leave, fruits, pine needles) to fall

lowílih v to fall (of leaves, fruits, nuts, pine needles, etc.) var. liwílih

M m

ma var. of yamma var. of yamma̱

ma̱ marker used after a term of address

ma̱ short form of ilamma̱ that yamma̱ that

máfo var. of im áfo Kin. form afo

maháya n curve

mahha n bread pan, dish pan var. mahka malakho

mahka var. of mahha breadpan

mahli n wind

mahli chito n tornado, big storm

mahli hanóki n tornado, whirlwind

Mahli hashi n Wind month (March)

mahli ikbi n fan

mahlih v to blow (of wind), be windy

mak 1 also, that too

mak 2 1 determiner that 2 also, that too

mak fi̱hna ka̱ phrase that particular (time, person, etc.) fíhnah very

mak fi̱hnahma̱ phrase at once, suddenly fíhnah very

mak fokáli ka̱ phrase at about that time, about then

mak illah 1 determiner, pronoun to be just that, only that, only those 2 that’s all, that’s it, that’s enough illah only var. makalla

mak máko̱ 1 that one also (object form), even that one 2 any of it, at all

makáchih v to say (something) i̱ makáchih v to say (something) to (someone), tell (someone) makáha̱chi v to keep saying

makáchi̱h short form of hihokmakáchi̱h

makah 1 v to say (something)

makah 2 interj that's all (I have to say)

makáha̱chi v to keep saying from makáchih

makalla var. of mak illah be finished illah

makásh i̱li var. of makáshi̱nih

makáshi̱nih adj the same thing var. makásh i̱li maki̱lih

maki̱lih var. of makáshi̱nih

makohmat and then, so then

malahta n lightning var. malatha

malahtah v to flash (of lightning)

malakho var. of mahha breadpan

malassa n saucer

mala̱ta 1 v shiny, bright, sparkling 2 n crystal var. mala̱toh

mala̱tachih var. of mala̱tochih

malatha var. of malahta lightning

mala̱tochih v to shine, make sparkle var. mala̱tachih

mala̱toh var. of mala̱ta crystal

malhallih v to startle see

malhha

malhlhih v to certainly be, indeed, surely, definitely

mano 1 dem that (modifying an object that is topical) 2 pro that one, him, her (used for an object that is also topical) 3 pro there (as a topical location)

masáchih short form of masálichih

masáli n healing

masálichih v to heal (someone) short form masáchih

masálih v to be healed (of a sore, a person, etc.), well

másh pro that one, previously mentioned

-másh n sfx even

mashílih v to clear up (of clouds, weather, etc.)

Mashkóki n Muscogee (Creek)

mashlichih v to winnow, hull, remove the outer layer (of corn)

maskoki n muscovy duck

mastit n mustard

mat var. of ilammat

mato 1 dem that (modifying a subject that is also topical) 2 pro that one, he, she (as a subject that is also topical)

máya v be:pl

mayah var. of mayyah

ma̱yah v 1 to be (in a place, of three or more people or animals), exist, stay, live 2 to be (in a place doing something, of three or more) see i̱ ma̱yah v to have (three or more children, animals, etc.)

mayyah v to be going, be coming var. mayah

michchih sp. var. of mihchih do

míchi v to do (lengthened form) from mihchih do

michih var. of mihchih do

mi̱chih v to do (repeatedly) from mihchih do

miháchih v to criticize, put down, insult, verbally bully

mihah v 1 older word to instruct, set right 2 to promise 3 refer:to i̱ mihah v to tell (someone to do or not do something), give (someone) a rule, a talking to

mihayyoka adj selected, different, assorted (of things, places, etc.)

mihchichih v to cause to do from mihchih do

mihchih v to do (something) sp. var. michchih var. michih mitchih á mihchih v to do for (someone) míchi v to do (lengthened form) mi̱chih v to do (repeatedly) mihchichih v to cause to do

mihi̱tih v to be coming (slowly, still, gradually) from mítih

mihma̱ pro that way see

mihshash var. of misha

mi̱ko n chief, king comp Aba Mi̱ko aba

mi̱ko chito n president

Mi̱ko Chito I̱ Nittak n President’s Day

millin n million

minit n minute

mi̱sa n scar

misha post 1 beyond, further 2 over there var. mihshash

misha pillah adv even further, way over there

mishíhma post a little further, just over there

mishi̱hmah v to move a little further, move over

mishoklih var. of mochoklih wink

mishsha v two (days, months, years, etc.) before or after now mishshakma̱ n the day after tomorrow mishshásh n the day before yesterday var. mishsha yásh

mishsha yásh var. of mishshásh mishsha

mishshakma̱ n the day after tomorrow from mishsha -kma̱

mishshásh n the day before yesterday mishsha var. mishsha yásh

mishsho̱hah v to scrub

mitáfah v to bleed mitaha̱fah v to be bleeding (continuously)

mitaffih v to make bleed

mitaha̱fah v to be bleeding (continuously) from mitáfah bleed

mitahchih v to make bleed (in more than one place)

mitahlih v to bleed in more than one place

mitchih var. of mihchih do

mítih v to come á míti v originating from, coming from, being from (a place) mihi̱tih v to be coming (slowly, still, gradually) mi̱tih v to be coming, come á mi̱tih awa̱t mi̱tih v to come with (someone) o̱ mi̱tih v to come toward (someone)

mi̱tih v to be coming, come from mítih á mi̱tih awa̱t mi̱tih o̱ mi̱tih

mitiklih var. of motoklih throb

miyah 1 v to say (something reported) hihmiyah interj so it’s said

miyah 2 interj Go on!

mochoklih v to wink var. mishoklih moshmoshlih

mokáfah v to try hard

mokka̱hah 1 v to beat (with stick, broom, etc.) see

mokka̱hah 2 v 1 beat on (with an instrument like a whip or stick) 2 tenderize (meat), pound

mokófah v to let go of (something) i̱ mokófah v 1 to have (something) slip away from (someone), get away from (someone) 2 to concede, give up

mokoffih v to let go of, release, turn loose

móma̱chih var. of mómi̱chih completely

mómah v 1 to still be (doing something, in a state), keep (doing something) 2 (not) to be anymore (in a negative sentence), (not) still

mo̱mah 1 v to be all, every (person, etc.), the whole (tribe, etc.) 2 adv still kanimma mo̱mah everywhere mo̱mat being all, everyone, the whole (tribe, etc.) short form mo̱t moyyómah v to be all (of a large group), every moyyót phrase being all of them nána mo̱mah everything okla mo̱mah everyone yakni mo̱mah n the whole world, all over the world

mo̱mah chohmih v to be generally, almost all, most

mo̱mat being all, everyone, the whole (tribe, etc.) mo̱mah be all short form mo̱t

mómi̱chih v to do all, every one, to the whole (tribe, etc.) var. móma̱chih mómi̱chit doing all, every one, to the whole (group, tribe, etc.) short form mómi̱t

mómi̱chit doing all, every one, to the whole (group, tribe, etc.) mómi̱chih completely short form mómi̱t

mómi̱t short form of mómi̱chit mómi̱chih

moshi n uncle var. óshi

móshi var. of imóshi

moshlih v to blink, twinkle (of lights, stars, etc.)

moshmoshlih var. of mochoklih wink

moshóchih short form of moshólichih

moshólichih v to turn off, put out (a light, a fire, etc.) short form moshóchih see

moshólih v to go out, be out, be off (of lights, fire etc.)

mo̱t short form of mo̱mat mo̱mah

motoklih v to throb var. mitiklih

moyyómah v to be all (of a large group), every from mo̱mah be all moyyót

moyyót phrase being all of them from moyyómah every from mo̱mah

N n

na conj 1 and 2 used after a verb and before a time expression, to show how long a certain action lasted see

ná 1 sp. var. na̱ var. of nána 1 something comp ná fíhna ná lhiláfa ná anóli ná im ábachi

ná 2 prt negative

na̱ sp. var. of ná 1 var. of nána 1 var. of nána 1 something

ná alhissa var. of ná asilhlha

ná alhkoha n shapes var. nán alhkoha

ná alhpowa n animal (tame or domesticated) short form ná powa animal long form nán alhpowa see

ná alhpowa áyásha áto̱ksali n newer word wildlife officer

ná alhpowa nokshópa var. of ná nokshópa

ná anóli n 1 story 2 someone who tells things: tattle-tale ná 1 var. of nána 1

ná ánonáchi stove

ná ápisa var. of ápisa

ná asilhlha n a prayer, request for assistance var. ná alhissa

ná baláli n person or thing that crawls: reptiles, babies, etc.

ná balalli n something that crawls: vine, root

ná bala̱ma n something that smells good: perfume, air freshener, fragrance

ná balíli n car, automobile, vehicle

ná balíli ayiska n auto mechanic

ná balíli im okchi n gasoline, fuel okchi

ná chanalli n vehicle, car, automobile

ná cha̱poli n candy, dessert

ná chini n whatchamacallit, thingamajig

ná fíhna n a headstrong person, a hard-headed person, someone who thinks that they are ’all that’, someone who is proud of themselves, stubborn from ná 1 var. of nána 1 fíhnah very

ná fokka n clothes, clothing

ná fokka áyalhto n container for clothes: laundry basket, dresser drawer, etc. var. ná lokka áyalhto

ná habína var. of ná halbina gift

ná habínachi n benefactor, gift-giver, donor

ná halbina n gift, commodities var. ná habína

ná hishi n fur, body hair

ná hokchi n one who plants things: gardener

ná ho̱kopa n one who steals things: thief, bandit, robber

ná holábi n liar

ná holba n photograph, picture

ná hollokchi n plant, vegetable (something planted)

ná homi n something spicy, peppery

ná honni n something boiled: stewed food, etc.

ná honni okchi

ná i̱ holloh var. of nán i̱ hollo

ná ikbi n one who makes things: a maker, builder, carpenter var. nán ikbi

ná i̱la var. of nán i̱la nána 1

ná im ábachi n teacher, coach ná 1 var. of nána 1 Chahtanno̱pa im ábachi

ná ishko n drink, beverage see

ná ishko ásho̱ka n beverage straw var. ásho̱ka drinking straw isht sho̱ka

ná isht akostiníchi n comprehension activity

ná isht balámachi n air freshener balámachih

ná isht ikóno n something improper: trouble

ná isht to̱ksali n tool

ná ittatoba n trader

ná ka̱chi n a seller, vendor

ná kani pila n something to throw away: trash

ná kosóma n onion

ná lha̱fa n a line (drawn or marked)

ná lhiláfa n something torn: rag from ná 1 var. of nána 1 lhiláfah

ná lokka áyalhto var. of ná fokka áyalhto laundry basket

ná losa chito n something dark and big (a supernatural Choctaw being)

ná mihiksho patience

ná miya n a promise

ná nokshópa n wild animal var. ná alhpowa nokshópa see

ná nokshópa áyásha zoo

ná nokta̱la n patience

ná oka pakna balíli n something running on top of the water: boat

ná okpani n someone or something that breaks things

ná ola n 1 something that makes a sound: bell, radio, musical instrument, etc. 2 music 3 a noise var. nán ola

ná oláchi n something that plays music: radio, audio player, etc.

ná oláchih v to play music

ná paka̱li n something that blooms: flower, plant

ná paka̱li áfokka n flower pot

ná paka̱li alhpowa n domesticated flower: rose see

ná paka̱li áyokli n lily

ná paka̱li homma n red flower: rose see

ná palammi n suffering

ná pallammi n great suffering

ná panaklo var. of ná ponaklo question

ná patalhpo n rug, mat

ná pisa im ahwah idiom to seem to see something unreal (vision, hallucination, spirit)

ná ponaklo n a question var. ná panaklo

ná powa short form of ná alhpowa animal

ná powa chokka ma̱ya n house pets

ná powa hilha n animal dances

ná shípa n something stretched: slingshot

ná takchi n police officer, cop var. ná talakchi

ná talakchi var. of ná takchi

ná tali balíli n something running on metal: train

ná tanna n something woven: material, fabric

ná tanna tapaski var. of na̱ski handkerchief

ná tohbichi n bleach

ná tokwisíli sugar

ná walwaki

ná wáyachi n grower, farmer

ná wáyachih v to plant (plants, crops, trees)

ná wíki n something heavy: weight, burden

ná yimmi n 1 beliefs 2 believer

ná yoka n prisoner

ná yoka yósh v to be incarcerated

ná yokáchi n police officer

ná yokáchi ibbak fokka n handcuffs

ná yokpa n 1 happiness 2 a smile 3 pride var. ná yoppa

ná yokpah v to be happy, glad, proud sp. var. ná yoppah

ná yópisa n exhibit, exhibition, exhibition booth

ná yópola n a joke var. ná yoppola

ná yoppa var. of ná yokpa

ná yoppah sp. var. of ná yokpah

ná yoppola var. of ná yópola joke

náha adv almost

nahollo n white person, European settlers long form náhollo

Nahollo n English language

náhollo long form of nahollo white person

Nahollo anno̱pa n English language long form Náhollo anno̱pa

Náhollo anno̱pa long form of Nahollo anno̱pa

Nahollo im anno̱pa n English language var. náhollo im anno̱pa

náhollo im anno̱pa var. of Nahollo im anno̱pa

nahollo ohóyo n white woman

nakfi n brother (of a woman)

nakfish n younger brother (of a man), younger sister (of a woman)

nakfish achaffa n cousin var. nakfish tobah

Nakfish Nittak n Saturday long form Nittak Hollo Nakfish Nittak

nakfish tobah var. of nakfish achaffa

naki n bullet, arrow, arrowhead

naki lohmi n hide-the-bullet (a game)

nakishowána n catfish var. nakshowa nakshowána nani shawana nanishowána

nakni n 1 male 2 boyfriend, man aka̱k nakni rooster alla nakni n boy

nakni himitta n young boy (probably a teen)

naknichih v to strengthen

naknih v to be strong

nakshowa var. of nakishowána catfish

nakshowána var. of nakishowána catfish

naksi n rib

naksika 1 n somewhere, somewhere else 2 another

naksi̱ka post close by

naksis n branch, limb (of a tree) var. naksish

naksish var. of naksis

nalhah v to be shot, stung

nalhlhih v to shoot and hit, sting, give a shot, inject

nali var. of innali back

nallih var. of nanablih swallow

nán var. of nána 1 something nán alhpísa nán áyacho̱li

nán á hollokchi n garden from hokchih

nán áhonni n boiling pot

nán akallochi n canned goods

nán alhkoha var. of ná alhkoha shapes

nán alhpisa n law, rule, judgement, commandment

nán alhpísa n the right thing nán var. of nána 1

nán alhpisa ikbi n judge

nán alhpowa long form of ná alhpowa

nán apa n food

nán asháchi cupboard, cabinet

nán áyacho̱li n sewing machine nán var. of nána 1 acho̱lih sew

nán i̱ hollo phrase to be stingy with things var. ná i̱ holloh

nán ikbi var. of ná ikbi

nán i̱la something else nána 1 something var. ná i̱la

nán illi n something dead, roadkill

nán im ábachi teacher, trainer, coach

nán ishko n something to drink: a drink, beverage see

nán isht acho̱li n sewing machine

nán isht akmo n an adhesive

nán isht apísa n tool to measure something: ruler, etc.

nán isht i̱cho̱li n something to write with: pen, pencil, writing implement, etc.

nán isht ittilawwichi n a level (carpenter’s tool)

nán isht kobáchi n pliers

nán isht talakchi n rope, bungee cord

nán isht tiwwi n can opener

nán ola var. of ná ola

nána 1 n 1 something, thing 2 anything, everything 3 (not) anything, nothing (in a negative sentence) 4 what (in a question within another sentence) sp. var. na̱nah var. ná 1 na̱ nán nán i̱la something else var. ná i̱la nána kiya anything (with a negative) sp. var. nánakiya nána kiyoh indefinite it’s nothing, it isn’t anything, it’s no problem var. náni kíyoh

nána 2 whether

nána alhpisa i̱ chokka n court of law

nána kiya anything (with a negative) nána 1 something sp. var. nánakiya

nána kiyoh indefinite it’s nothing, it isn’t anything, it’s no problem from nána 1 something var. náni kíyoh

nána mako̱ everything (object form) var. nána ma̱ko̱

nána ma̱ko̱ var. of nána mako̱

nána mo̱mah everything mo̱mah be all

nanablih v to swallow var. nallih

na̱nah sp. var. of nána 1 something

nánaho̱ indefinite whatever

nánakiya sp. var. of nána kiya nána 1

nánakma̱ indefinite anything

nani n fish

nani apa n water snake

nani chito n big fish: shark, whale, dolphin

nani chito okhata áyásha n whale

nani hakshop n fish scales

nani hakshop kallo var. of nani kallo gar fish

nani hokli n fisherman

nani hoyoh v to fish

nani i̱ chokka n fish bowl, fish tank

nani i̱ po̱sa n sucker

nani i̱ takáchih v to fish

nani isht ittiyalbi n fish hook

nani isht tabli n fish hook

nani kallo n gar fish, including alligator gar and longnose gar Atractosteus spatula, Lepisosteus osseus var. nani hakshop kallo

nani kishína n buffalo fish Ictiobus sp. var. nani yanash

náni kíyoh var. of nána kiyoh from nána 1

nani oshi n minnow var. nanoshi nanoshik

nani patassa n bream patassa homma n redbreast sunfish, redbelly fish Lepomis auritus patassa tohbi n white perch Morone americana

nani sanihchi n fish fin

nani shawana var. of nakishowána catfish

nani si̱ti var. of iyá si̱ti eel

nani takkon n appaloosa, mudcat, flathead catfish Pylodictis olivaris

nani yanash var. of nani kishína buffalo fish

nanih n hill

Nanih Waiya n Nanih Waiya var. Nanih Wayya

Nanih Wayya var. of Nanih Waiya Nanih Waiya

nánihchih v to do something

nánihmih v for something (indefinite) to happen

nánihmina indefinite why, the reason (for something)

nánikiyoh v All right, okay

nanishowána var. of nakishowána catfish

nánit indefinite 1 to (not) be able (to do something), 2 being some way

na̱nit attat adv finally

nánokáchih indefinite to say something see

nánokah v to say, tell (something), what (someone) says (used within another sentence) see

nánomih v 1 for something (indefinite) to happen 2 some kind of, any kind of

nanoshi var. of nani oshi minnow

nanoshik var. of nani oshi minnow

nápowa chokka a̱tta n pet

nashóba n wolf

nashshoka n face var. nishshoka inashshoka n her/his/its face

nashshoka ishit kashólichi n face towel

na̱ski n handkerchief, bandanna var. ná tanna tapaski na̱taski

na̱ski inno̱chi n scarf, neckerchief, ascot

nátah interrogative what, what kind of var. na̱tah

na̱tah var. of nátah what?

nátáko̱ older word who

na̱taski var. of na̱ski handkerchief

nátihmina interrogative older word why see

nátihmish interrogative why

nátiho̱ indefinite why

nátína interrogative why see

nátokáchih interrogative what does (something) say see

nátokah interrogative to say what, mean what, to sound what see

nihi n seed, grain, kernel

ninak n night

ninak ásh n last night sp. var. ninakásh

ninak a̱ya sho̱shi n moth, Luna moth see

ninak hopáki n deep into the night

ninak iklanna n midnight

ninak iklanna o̱t iya n after midnight

ninakásh sp. var. of ninak ásh last night

nini isht okwihli n fishing net

nipi n meat, flesh

nipi alhposha n older word roasted meat

nipi ano̱ka holbattoba n newer word x-ray

nipi bosholli n obsolete sausage crumbles

nipi halalli n cramp

nishkin n eye

nishkin aláta n eyeglasses

nishkin hakshop n eyelid

nishkin haksi n a lazy eye

nishkin hishi n eyelashes

nishkin im alikchi n eye doctor, optometrist

nishkin ittiyalbi n eyelid

nishkin ittiyópitammih v to be crossed (of both eyes)

nishkin okchi n tear, tears okchi

nishkin sali̱hchi n eyelashes var. nishkin shali̱kchi nishkin shili̱hchi

nishkin shali̱kchi var. of nishkin sali̱hchi

nishkin shanáya v an eye crossed or turned to the side

nishkin shili̱hchi var. of nishkin sali̱hchi

nishkin takáli n eyeglasses, glasses

nishkobo var. of noshkobo head

nishkobóka var. of noshkobóka boss

nishshoka var. of nashshoka

nita n bear

nita abi n bear trapper, bear hunter

nita hakshop n bear skin

nita tohbi n polar bear

nita yokáchi n bear trapper

niti var. of noti tooth

nittak n day

nittak alhíha n days, days of the week

nittak ayyoka ka̱ phrase every day

nittak ayyokáli ka̱ 1 phrase every day 2 day after day

nittak hollo long form of takhollo week

Nittak Hollo n Sunday long form Nittak Hollo Nittak

Nittak Hollo Chito n Christmas

Nittak Hollo I̱ Mishsha Nittak long form of I̱ Mishsha Nittak Tuesday

Nittak Hollo Ibayyi Nittak long form of Ibayyi Nittak Friday

Nittak Hollo Iklanna Nittak long form of Iklanna Nittak Wednesday

Nittak Hollo Imóshi Nittak long form of Imóshi Nittak Thursday

Nittak Hollo Nakfish Nittak long form of Nakfish Nittak Saturday

Nittak Hollo Nittak long form of Nittak Hollo Sunday

Nittak Hollo O̱t Onna Nittak var. of O̱t Onna Nittak Monday

nittak o̱t atoklakma̱ the next day

nitta̱kih n daylight

níya n fat comp pishokchi pakna níya cream pishokchi

níyachih v to fatten yakni níyachih v to fertilize

níyah v to be fat

-nna v tense sfx do not (do something, as a command)

nochi n Eastern whorled milkweed Asclepias verticillata

nochi chito n hemp Cannabis sativa

nokbikílih v to have heartburn, to have something stuck in the throat, to burp

nokcha̱wah v to growl (as the stomach)

nokfikówah v to hiccup var. chokfokówah

nokha̱klo n sadness

nokha̱kloh v to be sad, sorry i̱ nokha̱kloh v to feel sorry for (someone), take pity on, mourn with

nokkillih v to hate

noklhaka̱cha n a surprise

noklhaka̱chah v to be startled, surprised, scared, amazed see

noklhaka̱shlih v to startle, scare, surprise

noklhamallih var. of anoklhamallih choke

nokówa adj angry, mad

nokówachih v to anger, make mad

nokówah v to be angry, mad i̱ nokówah v to be mad at (someone) i̱ noko̱wah v to be mad at, angry at (nasal form)

nokshi̱fah v to have a hoarse throat, have laryngitis

nokshilah 1 v to be hoarse, have a sore throat

nokshilah 2 n to get a dry throat or mouth

nokshini̱fah v to have a sore throat, asthma

nokshoblih v to frighten, scare

nokshópa n fear, timidity

nokshópah v 1 to be scared, frightened, afraid 2 to be afraid (to do something) 3 to be wild (of animals that are not domesticated) i̱ nokshópa ik nokshópo

noksitílih v to choke, tie tightly

noktakálih v to be stuck in the throat

nokta̱la n peace

nokta̱lah v to be calm, peaceful

noktalha n jealousy

noktalhah v to be jealous i̱ noktalhah v to be jealous of (someone)

nokti̱fah v to be hanged, wrung by the neck

nokti̱ffih v to hang (execute), wring (a neck), strangle

noktimíkachih v to beat (of the heart)

nokwiya n anxiety

nokwiyah v to be timid, nervous, anxious i̱ nokwiyah v to be nervous for (someone), be nervous about (someone) ik nokwíyo v to be unafraid, be without fear

nonáchih v to cook (food), bake (food, pottery, etc.)

nonah v 1 to be cooked (of a food), baked 2 to ripen (of a fruit or vegetable)

nosapi n 1 red oak Quercus rubra 2 pin oak Quercus palustris var. nosi api

noshkobo n head var. nishkobo

noshkobo takálichit ola haklo n newer word headphones see

noshkobóka n boss, supervisor, the head, chief, chairperson var. nishkobóka

nosi n acorn

nosi api var. of nosapi red oak pin oak

nosi iskiti̱ni n nap

nosi lakna api n black oak Quercus velutina

nosi onah n bedtime, sleep time

nosíchi n sleep aid, sleep medicine

nosíchih v to put to sleep, hypnotize isht nosíchih v to put to sleep by (doing something)

nosih v to sleep

nosíka n dream

nosíkah v to dream i̱ nosíkah v to dream of (something) ishit nosíkah v to dream about

nota post under

notáka 1 post under, beneath, below 2 n underside

notakfa n chin, jaw var. notakfa wishakchi

notakfa shatáli n mumps

notakfa wishakchi var. of notakfa

notakfish n beard

noti n tooth var. niti innoti n her/his/its tooth

noti áhiyohli n gums (of the mouth)

noti alikchi var. of ikhi̱sh patassa api Swanton 2001:238

noti ayiska alikchi n dentist

noti fotohli n dental drill

noti haloppa n fang, sharp tooth

noti im alikchi n dentist

noti im alikchi apílachi n dental assistant

noti isht achífa n toothpaste

nówachih v to make walk, take for a walk

nówah v 1 to walk 2 to go (do something) comp attat nówah attah hoyot nówah v to look for, search for, pick up (passengers, etc.) i̱ nówah v to visit ittanówah v 1 to do (something) together 2 to go around together, walk together 3 visit ittanoho̱wah v to keep going, walking nówat ittanoho̱wah v to walk around together

nówat á folótah v to walk around (an obstacle) folótah turn

nówat alah v to walk here alah of one

nówat folótah v to walk around (in a park, casino, etc.) folótah turn

nówat ittanoho̱wah v to walk around together ittanoho̱wah from ittanówah

nówat lhopollih v to walk through (a house, etc.) lhopollih

nówat onah v to walk there onah of one

O o

-o 1 v sfx neg var. -o 2

-o 2 sp. var. -ó var. of -o 1

-ó sp. var. of -o 2 var. of -o 1

o̱ focused object marker appearing after a noun (often indicating that the noun is being contrasted with something else) also yo̱ 1

o̱- v pfx on

-o̱ 1 v comp:sr sfx comp:ds

-o̱ 2 1 v sfx foc:ds 2 n sfx foc:ac

-o̱ 3 v sfx q

o̱ binílih v 1 to sit on (of one) 2 to ride (a horse, bicycle, etc., of one) from binílih of one

o̱ chokoshpah v to gossip about (somebody) chokoshpah see

o̱ fíhnah v to boss around, bully

o hího̱ var. of o híyo̱

o híyo̱ interj oh yeah, oh really var. híyo̱ o hího̱

o̱ holábih v to lie about (someone) holábih

o̱ mi̱tih v to come toward (someone) mi̱tih from mítih

o̱ paláchih v to shine (a light) on

o̱ tahpalah v to yell at tahpalah var. o̱ tappalah

o̱ tappalah var. of o̱ tahpalah tahpalah

o̱ba n rain

o̱bah v to rain

obalhpilla

o̱bi n pawpaw

o̱bi api pawpaw tree

o̱bitípah v to put weight on, lean on (something)

o̱chakápah var. of áchakápah insult

óchih v to draw (water from a well, spring, etc.)

o̱chilítah v to get mad at (someone)

o̱chínah short form of o̱tohchínah eight

offoh v to grow (of plants) var. okfoh

offowah v grow

offowat mi̱tih v to sprout, come up (of new plants)

ofi n dog

ofi haksobis faláya n hound dog

ofi holba nokshópa n newer word coyote

ofi nokówa n mean dog (a pitbull, etc.)

ofko 1 n threshing basket

ofko 2 short form of isht ofko sifter fan corn

ofkochih v to sift

ofkoh v to be sifted isht ofkoh v older word to fan (corn, etc.), sift (corn, etc.)

ofóbih var. of hofóbih be deep

ofo̱lo n screech owl

ofo̱sik n puppy

oh- form of ho-

ohchásh var. of chásh

ohla̱nah var. of walhánah horsefly

ohmichih var. of yohmichih

ohmih v to be like, similar to var. ommih ohmih ósh doing just like

ohmih ósh doing just like ohmih

ohnochih var. of atohnochih

ohó var. of ohóyo

ohóyo n woman var. ohó

ohóyo alhtakla n older word widow

ohóyo himitta n young woman

ohóyo i̱ hattak illi n widow short form i̱ hattak illi widow

ohóyo i̱bita n crown

ohóyo mi̱ko n female chief

ohóyo mi̱ko himitta n princess

ohóyo náchi̱to achokma n goddess

ohpoloh 1

ohpoloh 2 var. of okpoloh be bad be broken

oka n water, liquid okassa cold water okatápah okattolah

-oka̱ v sfx (that) is, (what) is

oka ábicha var. of oka ábichíli water faucet

oka ábichíli n water faucet, water fountain var. oka ábicha

oka áchaffichi n water faucet

oka alhlhi long form of okalhlhi

oka áwishíta n where the water comes out: sprinkler, etc.

oka áyanalli n a place where water flows: a channel, stream

oka áyillih v to drown, die in the water var. okok aíllih

oka chito n ocean, sea

oka chito alhlhi n edge of the sea: shore, coast

oka chito lapálika n newer word beach

oká fábi var. of kowáfábi paper wasp

oka faláma n flood, backwater see

oka falammi north

oka fotóha n whirlpool var. okfoyóha

oka hawashko n newer word vinegar

oka hilóha n black ironwood

oka homi n alcohol

Oka Homma n Red Water

oka i̱ shokha n newer word hippopotamus

oka issobah n newer word seahorse

oka mahli n south var. okmahli

oka o̱t álaka n beach

oka píni n boat oka píni áhiyohli harbor

oka píni áhiyohli n harbor, boat harbor oka píni boat

oka píni chito n ship

oka tonóli n water spout

okáchalhlhih n older word the edge of the yard

okáchih v to dip (in liquid)

okak n swan

-ókako̱ v sfx but:ds short form -ako̱ contrast -kako̱

-ókakósh v sfx but:ss

okalhlhi n edge of the water, a beach, shore long form oka alhlhi

okalhohlih v to twist

okámichih v to wash (someone else’s) face

okámih v to wash the face

okánowah v older word to wade

okashtóchi var. of isht óchi

okassa n cold water, drinking water oka kapassah be cold

-ókat v sfx therefore

okatápah v to clog, back up (of a septic tank, etc.) from oka tapah be cut

-ókato v sfx but

okattaha var. of okattaháka

okattaháka n base or bottom of a hill var. okattaha

okattolah var. of hashi áyokattola west from oka ittolah

okattolat illit tahah v to drown illih illi áttola

okayyah var. of kayyah

okbal o̱t iyah v older word to have diarrhea

okbaláka var. of olbaláka

okbitiya var. of okítiya afternoon

okbiya var. of okíya okíyah

okboshlih

okboso̱lih v to frown, pout

okchabáhah v to be thick (of a liquid)

okchabásha n shallow water

okchah v to wake up, awake o̱kchah v to be awake

okchahlha n blackbird

okcha̱k n cantaloupe, muskmelon

okcha̱k apa n carrot

okcha̱k api n lettuce var. okcha̱li̱t apa

okcha̱k holba n cucumber

okchakalbi n purple

okchakalbih v to be purple

okcha̱kih adj unripe, green, raw

okchakko n blue

okchakkochi n bruise

okchakkochih v to be bruised

okchakkoh v to be blue

okcha̱kosi holba n newer word Osage orange (a kind of tree), bois d'arc

okchalha n redwinged blackbird

okchalha chito n loon

okcha̱lhi n shallow water

okchali

okchali̱chi n 1 preservation, salvation 2 savior, rescuer, one who wakes someone up

okchalíchih v to keep awake, wake (someone) up falammi̱t okchalíchih v to revive (someone)

okchali̱chih v to preserve, save from danger, death, damnation, etc.

okchalih v to wake (someone), awaken (someone or something)

okcha̱li̱t apa var. of okcha̱k api lettuce

okcha̱losh n eastern bluebird Sialia sialis

okcha̱losh chito n peacock

okchamáli n green

okchamálih v to be green

okchawwih v to be watery, soupy var. okcha̱wwih

okcha̱wwih var. of okchawwih be soupy

okcha̱yah v to be alive, living, survive

okchi n juice, soup, sap ná balíli im okchi n gasoline, fuel nishkin okchi n tear, tears

okchi ohmi n fluid, liquid

okchifílih var. of ayokchilhílih

okchilábih v to make a funny face

okchilhólih v to be wide-eyed

okchilóha n Carolina wren Thryothorus ludovicianus

okchito n flood see

okchitoh v to flood

okchoshba n an infected, running sore

okfa n place where water is standing: puddle

okfa̱ya n splinter

okfa̱yah v to stick in the flesh of, as a splinter

okfiya n diarrhea

okfiyáchih v to cause diarrhea

okfiyah v to have diarrhea

okfochosh n duck

Okfochosh Hilha Duck Dance

okfoh var. of offoh grow

okfolosh n oyster, clam

okfowátachih v to turn (something) sideways

okfowátah 1 v to be sideways, go sideways var. okhowátah okfowátah 2 v 1 passing beside (something), going to the side of, 2 being sideways

okfowátah 2 v 1 passing beside (something), going to the side of, 2 being sideways okfowátah 1

okfowátalih v to turn (oneself) sideways

okfoyóha var. of oka fotóha whirlpool

okhah v to take revenge on

okhata n lake

okhata chito n ocean, sea

okhata lapálika n the shore

okhata shokalbi n gulf

okhatablih var. of oktablih

okhatosi n pond

okhayya̱lih 1 v to be crossed (of the eyes)

okhayya̱lih 2 v to have a big nose

okhina n creek, river (used for travel)

okhina ikbi n canal, constructed waterway

okhisa n door var. okkisa skossa

okhisa hokli hinge

okhisa ishtakáli n hinge

okhi̱sh n medicine, drugs var. ikhi̱sh ikshi̱sh ishi̱sh okki̱sh okwi̱sh oshi̱sh

okhi̱sh áka̱chi n drugstore, pharmacy

okhi̱sh imalhpísa newer word dose of medicine

okhi̱sh okpolo n harmful drugs (e.g. methamphetamines, etc.)

okhotoblih v to soak

okhowátah var. of okfowátah 1

ókih marker adding certainty: definitely also hókih yókih

okishko n drunk

Okishko Hilha n Drunk Dance

oki̱tannap n other side of the water, overseas

okítiya n afternoon, dusk var. okbitiya okíyat iya opítiya

okíya n evening var. okbiya okkiya okwiyat iya opiyaka

okíyah v to be evening var. okbiya okkiya okwiyat iya opiyaka

okíyat iya var. of okítiya afternoon

okkisa var. of okhisa door

okkisakshicha̱hli n screen door

okki̱sh var. of okhi̱sh

okkiya var. of okíya okíyah

okkiya̱hosih n almost evening var. opiyáho̱sih

okkiyáka n evening var. opíyaka

okla sp. var. of oklah people

okla í we (as a group) var. oklí

okla mo̱mah everyone mo̱mah be all

oklah 1 n people, people of a group, community, tribe, nation, etc. 2 preverb marker used before a verb when the subject is plural and animate sp. var. okla oklah alhíha n relatives, cousins oklah hash you all (as a group) oklah il we (as a group) var. oklil oklah mo̱mah everyone, all of them oklah moyyómah everyone, everybody, all of them (emphasizing every one)

oklah alhíha n relatives, cousins oklah people

oklah áyásha n place where people live: community short form okláyásha

oklah áyásha apíláchi n community helper in a permanent role, such as firefighters, nurses, teachers, etc.

oklah áyi̱pa n place people eat at: cafeteria

oklah hash you all (as a group) oklah people

oklah il we (as a group) oklah people var. oklil

oklah mo̱mah everyone, all of them oklah people oklah moyyómah

oklah moyyómah everyone, everybody, all of them (emphasizing every one) oklah mo̱mah oklah

oklah ti̱kba n ancestors, first people, forefathers

oklámíti n place people are originally from, community

okláyásha short form of oklah áyásha community

oklhamallih var. of anoklhamallih choke

oklhicha̱lih n to be unwashed (of a face)

oklhicho̱lih v to give an expression of displeasure or disbelief, be wide-eyed

oklhilíchih v to darken, make dark im oklhilíchih v to cause (someone) to black out, knock out

oklhilih v to get dark

oklhilíka n darkness

oklhilíkah v to be dark

oklhilit iya n getting dark after sunset, dusk

oklí var. of okla í

oklil var. of oklah il oklah

okliláp possessive pronoun theirs

oklito̱lih v to have a dirty face

oklobbih var. of okloboshlih

okloboshlih v to dive into (water, a lake, etc.) var. oklobbih

oklokbo̱hah v to push in and out of the water (as in dunking someone’s head)

oklosbi homma adj maroon, dark reddish, reddish brown

oklosbi hommah v to be maroon

okloshi n tribe, nation, people see okloshi i̱la n a different tribe

okloshi i̱la n a different tribe from okloshi

okma conj if

okma̱ var. of hihokma̱

okma nána whatever kind of

okmachohlih var. of okmochohlih blink from okmochólih

okmachólih var. of okmochólih

okmahli var. of oka mahli south

okmano̱ marker appearing after a verb and meaning 'if'

okmilashli n bald-headed

okmisi̱kalih to raise the eyebrows

okmochohlih v to blink from okmochólih var. okmachohlih

okmochólih v to blink the eyes (once) var. okmachólih okmochohlih v to blink var. okmachohlih

okmoshlih v to flutter (of the eyes), blink (multiple times) var. okwishlih

o̱kof n persimmon Diospyros virginiana

o̱kof api n persimmon tree var. o̱kofapi

o̱kofapi var. of o̱kof api persimmon tree

okok aíllih var. of oka áyillih drown

okokko interj exclamation at something wrong happening: oh, no! shoot! gosh! short form ko

okpacha̱sih v to be shallow

okpal n pond lily

okpalálih v to float

okpala̱lih v to be afloat

okpaníchih v to mess things up from okpanih break

okpanih v to break (a toy, etc.), damage, vandalize var. oppanih okpaníchih v to mess things up

okpanílih v to spoil

okpoloh v 1 to break, break down, be broken 2 to be bad, spoiled var. ohpoloh 2 oppoloh

okpolóka v disabled (of a person, animal), lame

okpolot tahah v to decay, get run-down alla okpolot taha

oksak n nut, hickory nut, pecan var. ossak

oksak alhkomo n hominy mixed with hickory nuts var. ossak alháta

oksak api n hickory tree var. ossak api

oksak api alhípa alhpoha n newer word drum rim

oksak fala api n pecan tree

oksak hohfalóha api n pecan tree

oksak kapko n kingnut hickory

oksak tali n mockernut hickory

oksak tokba api var. of habilhkapi

oksakina n snowbird

oksap var. of oksop

oksap áfolhi n common nighthawk

okshachóbi n daybreak, a foggy morning

oksha̱klih v to wink

okshalo̱lih v older word to be hollow-eyed (after sickness or dehydration) var. okshilo̱lih

okshammih v to be hoarse

okshicha̱lih v to be thin, fine (of cloth) var. okshichlih

okshichlih var. of okshicha̱lih

okshikáhachih v to sprinkle (of rain) var. okshika̱shlih

okshika̱shlih var. of okshikáhachih

okshililih var. of okshinillih

okshilo̱lih var. of okshalo̱lih

okshimmi n mist var. okshommi

okshimmichih v to mist from okshimmih

okshimmih v to mist, sprinkle var. okshommih okshimmichih v to mist

okshinilli n swimmer

okshinillih v to swim var. okshililih

okshommi var. of okshimmi mist

okshommih var. of okshimmih

okshonohlih v to dive var. onokshonohlih

oksi̱la n different tribe see

oksi̱lachih v to alienate, discriminate

oksini var. of o̱sini bumblebee

oksop n beads (large), pony beads var. oksap

oktablih v to stop, block (especially a fluid) var. okhatablih see

oktak n older word field, prairie

oktapa n older word dam var. bóktapa dam

okti n ice

okti chito n newer word iceberg, glacier

okti hata n frost

okti lakchi n sleet

okti poshpoki n sleet

okti̱k n downy woodpecker

oktobolli n drizzling rain, sprinkling rain

oktobolli oka n spring (for water)

oktobollichih v to drizzle, sprinkle from oktobollih

oktobollih v to drizzle, sprinkle oktobollichih v to drizzle, sprinkle

oktohbih v older word to be foggy (especially of thick fog)

oktosha n snow

oktosha sokko n newer word blizzard

oktoshah v to snow

okwakálih v to emerge

okwichi̱li n frown

okwichi̱lih v to frown

okwi̱sh var. of okhi̱sh

okwishlih var. of okmoshlih

okwiyat iya var. of okíya okíyah

okyoha n sifter (for flour, etc.)

ola n sound (especially musical sounds, animal sounds)

olá adv this way, in this direction

oláchih v to make (something) produce a sound, ring (a bell), play (a musical instrument)

olah v to make a sound (especially musical sounds or animal sounds), play, ring. |1-23-25 Checked example[s] with PNW, PAW

ola̱si adj nearby, close by

ola̱sih v to be close by, nearby (of a house, lake, etc.) im ola̱sih v to be close by to (someone), nearby to

olbal n 1 back, rear (of a line, group, etc.) 2 a long time back, the old days

olbaláka post behind var. okbaláka

olimma n this way, here (toward speaker)

o̱maláya var. of o̱miláya color

omih 1 exclamation okay, all right 2 idiom you’re welcome

o̱miláya n color var. o̱maláya

o̱miláyachih v to dye, color

omma way over there

ommih var. of ohmih

onáchih v to reach, have enough, achieve

onáfa n winter

onáfa nosi n hibernation

onáfapi n fall, autumn

onah v 1 to arrive there (of one), reach, get to (a place) 2 to reach (a certain age, a certain time, a certain price), be enough, until see falámat onah v to come back there (of one), get back there falammi̱t isht onah v to take (something) back there (of one), bring back there im ónah v to have enough isht onah v to get there with (of one), bring there nówat onah v to walk there

onna n morning, daybreak, first light

onna ninak n tomorrow night

onna o̱t onnah n day after tomorrow

onnah v 1 to dawn, become morning, break (of daylight) 2 to do until morning, do all night

onnaha n tomorrow

onnáhi̱ n predawn, just before daybreak

onnahi̱li n morning

onnahi̱li i̱pa n breakfast

onnakma̱ n tomorrow

onnási n predawn, just before daybreak

onnokbiya n tomorrow night var. onnokkiya

onnokkiya var. of onnokbiya

onohchi n allegation

onohchih v to convict (someone)

onokshonohlih var. of okshonohlih

onosh n rice

onosh lakchi

onosh losa n rye

onotto̱la n fault, guilt

onotto̱lah v to be guilty, accountable

opah n owl, barred owl

opah hakson n birch tree

opah shilop n 1 butterfly (large kind) 2 prairie owl

opítiya var. of okítiya afternoon

opiyáho̱sih var. of okkiya̱hosih pre-evening

opiyaka var. of okíya okíyah

opíyaka var. of okkiyáka evening

o̱poholmo n cover of (roof, bed, etc.)

o̱poholmoh v to cover

o̱pohómoh v to cover (something)

oppanih var. of okpanih break

oppoloh var. of okpoloh be bad be broken

osápa n field, farm var. sápa sápah osáposhi n small garden

osápa ato̱ksallih v to farm, garden, work in the field see

osápa chokka n garden shed

osápa ikbi n newer word someone who plows a field: farmer

osápa ikbih v newer word to make a field, plow, farm, garden see

osápa ittimiklanna n sharecropping

osápa ittimiklanna to̱ksali n sharecropping

osápa ná hokchi n person who plants: planter

osápa tobi n field peas

osápa to̱ksali n farmer, gardener

osáposhi n small garden from osápa field

-ósh 1 determiner sfx part contrastive nominative

-ósh 2 v comp:sr sfx ss

oshan n otter, river otter

oshi n son, offspring, egg

óshi var. of moshi

oshí tik n daughter var. oshítik

oshí tik achaffa n niece, sister's daughter (of a woman)

oshi̱sh var. of okhi̱sh

oshítik var. of oshí tik

Oshta Habli Hilha n Four Step War Dance

oshtah v four, to be four

osi adj little (of one) pl o̱si v be small o̱sih to be little sg

o̱si v be small from osi little

osi ikbih v to baby (for example, a child)

osíchih v to make smaller, shrink

o̱sih to be little from osi little sg

osi̱ni var. of o̱sini bumblebee

o̱sini n bumblebee var. oksini osi̱ni

oskaloshi var. of oskoloshi whistle

oskap n crane (also used for egret, heron, etc.) var. hoskap oskap tohbi

oskap tohbi var. of oskap crane

oski n river cane oski lho̱pa n blowgun

oski lho̱pa n blowgun from oski river cane lho̱pa hole

oski lho̱pa ikbi n blowgun maker

oski lho̱pa ná ola var. of oskola cane flute

oski ola var. of oskola cane flute

oskola n cane flute var. oski lho̱pa ná ola oski ola

oskoloshi n whistle var. oskaloshi

oskoshíba n poke salad, poke sallet, pokeweed

ossak var. of oksak

ossak alháta var. of oksak alhkomo

ossak api var. of oksak api hickory tree

o̱ssi 1 n eagle

o̱ssi 2 var. of ibahlho̱pa bald eagle

o̱t directional go and (do something that follows)

o̱t ahchíbat tahahma̱ after a while, later

o̱t alhpísakma̱ adv eventually, the right time

o̱t átaha n the end of (an event, a parking lot, etc.)

o̱t binílih v to go sit binílih of one

o̱t chokwah v to go into (a house, car, etc., of one), go enter chokwah enter (of one)

o̱t hiki̱yah v to go and be standing (of one) hikíyah of one

o̱t hi̱lih v to go and be standing (of two) hílih 2 of two or more

o̱t i̱lat tahah v to change completely i̱lah be different

o̱t iyah v 1 to pass by (of one), go by 2 to be past (a certain time) iyah of one see

o̱t kanohmit tahahma̱ some (days, minutes, etc.) later kanohmih how much

O̱t Onna Nittak n Monday var. Nittak Hollo O̱t Onna Nittak

o̱t onnahi̱lih fi̱hnahma̱ early the next day

o̱t onnahma̱ the next day

o̱t tahah v 1 to have passed away, have died (of a person) 2 to get to the end

o̱t tahahma̱ when it was over, afterward, after that, from then on

o̱t tahli n graduation, the completion of (a task)

o̱t tahlih v to finish (a dessert, school, etc.), graduate (from a school)

otapi n chestnut tree

ótih v to make a fire, to build and start a fire

otofa n rain shower

o̱tohchínah v to be eight short form o̱chínah

O̱toklo n Seventowns, a small Choctaw settlement area between Conehatta and Standing Pine, also called Pine Bluff. Sometimes also called Seventh town in English.

o̱tokloh v seven, to be seven

ottanih v to appear

o̱wakah v to come up on (someone, especially unexpectedly)

owatta n hunter

owattah v to hunt var. awattah

oyyah v older word to climb

P p

pa dem here

pa̱ short form of ilappa̱

pach yoshóba var. of pachi yoshóba dove

pa̱cha n cattail Typha latifolia pa̱ti n cattail flowerhead

pachalhpali n garter snake Thamnophis sirtalis

pacháloshsha n sleet

pacháloshshah v to sleet

pachi n pigeon

pachi shoba var. of pachi yoshóba dove

pachi yoshóba n dove var. pach yoshóba pachi shoba

paffala n a welt, lump on the skin from injury

pak dem. pro. here

paka̱li okchamáli n white wild indigo Baptisia Leucantha

paka̱lih v to bloom, blossom

pa̱ki n grape var. pa̱kki

pa̱ki api n grape vine

pa̱ki nokshopa n wild grape, opossum grape Vitis cinerea

pa̱ki sokko n muscadine Vitis rotundifolia

pakit n turkey see

pakka̱hah var. of bakka̱hah

pa̱kki var. of pa̱ki grape

pakna short form of apakna top comp pishokchi pakna níya cream

paknaka short form of apaknaka̱ above

pakti n mushroom

paláchih v to shine (a light)

palah n a light, lamp

palah okchi n kerosene, lamp oil

palah o̱poholmo n lamp shade

palálichih v to shine brightly

palálih v 1 to shine (of a lamp, flashlight, torch, etc.) 2 to turn on (a light)

palammi 1 n hardship, struggle 2 adj mean, aggressive, tough

palammih v to be difficult, tough, hard i̱ palammih v 1 to have a hard time, struggle with (an illness, etc.), suffer, be in labor 2 to want badly, pine for pallammih v to be tough, hard, difficult (for a long time)

palaska n biscuit var. pallaska paska palaska shila n crackers, dry bread var. pallaska shila

palaska alwasha n fry bread, fried dough var. pallaska alwasha

palaska bosholli n crumbs var. pallaska bosholli

palaska cha̱poli n cake, donuts var. pallaska cha̱poli paska cha̱poli

palaska cha̱poli chipi̱ta n cookies var. pallaska cha̱poli chipi̱ta

palaska kallo n crackers, hard bread var. pallaska kallo

palaska shila n crackers, dry bread from palaska shila 1 dry var. pallaska shila

palaska shochokwa n bread, bread loaf var. pallaska shichokwa paska chokwa

palátah v to be lonesome i̱ palátah v to be lonesome for (someone, something), miss (someone, something)

palhah var. of palhlhah

palhallih v to split (a watermelon, etc.)

palhátah v to be split (down the middle), split (of a watermelon, etc.)

palhkichih v to do quickly, hurry

palhkih v to be fast

palhkit iyah v to go faster, accelerate

palhlhah v to split var. palhah

palhlhih v to split (wood)

pali n southern flying squirrel Glaucomys volans

pallammih v to be tough, hard, difficult (for a long time) from palammih struggle

pallaska var. of palaska

pallaska alwasha var. of palaska alwasha fry bread

pallaska bosholli var. of palaska bosholli crumb

pallaska cha̱poli var. of palaska cha̱poli

pallaska cha̱poli chipi̱ta var. of palaska cha̱poli chipi̱ta cookies

pallaska kallo var. of palaska kallo cracker

pallaska shichokwa var. of palaska shochokwa

pallaska shila var. of palaska shila from palaska shila 1

panáha̱klo var. of ponaha̱klo ponakloh

panakloh var. of ponakloh ask

pannih v to braid (hair)

panóla var. of ponóla cotton

pasáchih v to slap, clap (once) var. pasálichih

pasálichih var. of pasáchih

pa̱sh falakto n swallow-tailed kite Elanoides forficatus

pa̱sh tahli n common cocklebur Xanthium strumarium

pa̱sh takchi si̱ti n Mississippi green watersnake Nerodia cyclopion var. pa̱shafolhi

pa̱shafolhi var. of pa̱sh takchi si̱ti

pa̱shi n hair ippa̱shi n hair (of someone)

pa̱shi ayiska n hair-do

pa̱shi ayiskachi n hair dresser

pa̱shi bila n pomade, hair grease

pa̱shi bonni lapáchi n bun (of the hair)

pa̱shi holba n wig, toupee

pa̱shi isht achífa n shampoo

pa̱shi tablih v to cut hair

pashohlih var. of pashólih

pashólih v to feel (an object, person) var. pashohlih poshólih

pa̱shpolih v to sweep (the floor)

pa̱shpowa n broom

paska var. of palaska

paska cha̱poli var. of palaska cha̱poli

paska chokwa var. of palaska shochokwa

paska shochokwa towa̱li n toast, browned bread

paskah v to make biscuits

passa̱hah v to clap (hands), spank (repeatedly)

pat short form of ilappat

patalhpoh v to be covered (of a floor)

patálih v to lay (something) out flat (as the bottom part of a basket), spread

pataspowah adj to be flat (of two or more) see

patassa homma n redbreast sunfish, redbelly fish Lepomis auritus nani patassa

patassa tohbi n white perch Morone americana nani patassa

patassah v to be flat (of one) see

pa̱ti n cattail flowerhead pa̱cha cattail

patóli var. of potólih

patólih var. of potólih

pa̱yah v to call (on the phone), make a call falammi̱t i̱ pa̱yah v to call (someone) back (as on a phone, or by shouting) i̱ pa̱yah v to call to (someone), call (someone) by name

pi- v pfx us, our

pí adv just sp. var. pih

pi̱

pí pillah phrase for nothing, for no reason

pichahli var. of pitchahli rat

picháli var. of pitchahli rat rat

pichífah v to be flat (of a tire), flattened (of dough, roadkill)

pichiffih v to flatten (biscuit dough, clay, etc.)

pih sp. var. of pí just

pihchi n common sorrel Rumex acetosa

píhi̱sa var. of pihi̱sah from pisah 1

pihi̱sah v to keep looking at, always watch from pisah 1 see var. píhi̱sa

pihlíchi n leader, boss, foreman

pihlíchih v 1 to take care of, take in (two or more) 2 manage (a group), coach (a team) see

pikayyo n nickel, five cents

Pi̱ki Aba Binílih n Heavenly Father

pilah v 1 to throw (a ball, stick, etc.) 2 to send (someone) (somewhere) 3 to send (mail, a message, etc.) falammi̱chit pilah v to throw (a ball, etc.) back i̱ pilah v 1 to throw (something) to (someone) 2 to send (something) (to someone)

piláshásh n yesterday

pilhkash var. of polhkash trash

pilífah v to be pulled up (hanging fabric, curtains, etc.)

piliffih v to pull up (hanging fabric, a curtain, etc.), raise up

Pilísa I̱ Nittak n Labor Day

pilísachih v to make work (in field) pilísah work in field

pilísah v to work (in the field), pick (in the field), labor pilísachih v to make work (in field)

pilla n distance

pillah v to be far off, away

pim 1 our (used before most nouns) 2 to us, for us (used before verbs)

pimma var. of pomma this way

píni n 1 boat 2 train

píni hika n airplane

píni o̱t áhikíya n train station tali píni train

pisa ayo̱ba kiyoh v to not look good

pisáchih v to show

pisachokmah v to be pretty, good-looking

pisah 1 v 1 to look, look at, watch (TV, etc.) 2 to try to (do something) 3 see falámat pisah v to look again pihi̱sah v to keep looking at, always watch var. píhi̱sa pi̱sah v to see, be looking at

pisah 2 adv previously

pi̱sah v to see, be looking at from pisah 1 see

pisat nówah v to explore, walk around looking

pishíchih v to nurse (a baby)

pishih v to drink milk from mother, nurse, suckle

pishnakbánoh just us, by ourselves

pishno 1 pro-form we 2 pro ours

pishno ak kiya us too, we also -kiya

pishófah v to be scraped

pishoffih v to scrape (a knee, elbow, etc.)

pishokchi n milk pishokchi pakna níya n cream

pishokchi áyikbi n place to make milk: dairy

pishokchi níya n butter

pishokchi níya homi n buttermilk

pishokchi níya okchi n buttermilk

pishokchi níya palaska n cheese

pishokchi pakna níya n cream from pishokchi milk pakna top short form of apakna níya fat

pishokchi palaska n cheese

pishokchi waláha n buttermilk

pisokpoloh v to be messed up, look beaten up

pist iyah v to go see (someone), visit iyah of one

pit directional away, off, towards

pit alhlhi adv duration, to the edge (of something time related)

pit bohlih v to place it there bohlih put (one)

pit ittolat iyah idiom to gossip or exaggerate about other people’s business, not let up in spreading a story about someone.

pitchahli n rat var. pichahli picháli rat

pi̱ti n mouse var. pi̱tti

pitokfi n field rat

pi̱tti var. of pi̱ti mouse

po̱fachih v to blow (a hunting call), play (a trumpet), honk (a car horn)

po̱fah v to honk (of a car horn), sound (of a hunting call or musical instrument) with air

pofónah v to beat up

pohchi n father-in-law ippohchi father-in-law

pohchohóyo short form of ippohchi ohóyo mother-in-law mother-in-law

pohkol var. of fohkol hornet

pohmi adj like this

pokkóli chakkálih v ninety, to be ninety

pokkóli oshtah v forty, to be forty

pokkóli toklo akotcha achaffah v twenty-one, to be twenty-one

pokkóli toklo akotcha tokloh v twenty-two, to be twenty-two

pokkólih v ten, to be ten

pokkólih o̱tohchi̱nah v eighty, to be eighty

pokkólih o̱tokloh v seventy, to be seventy

pokni grandmother

pokni sipokni n great-grandmother

pokóli hannálih v sixty

pokólih tahlhápih v fifty, to be fifty

pokólih tohchínah v thirty, to be thirty

pokólih tokloh v twenty, to be twenty

pokpokih v to be spotted

po̱kshi n swelling, bump (on body)

pola̱ka adv finally

polásih var. of pollásih

polhah v to be folded, hemmed (of two or more) see

polhatah v

polhkash n trash, garbage, rubbish var. chopilhkash pilhkash polhkosh

polhkash áyalhto n trash can

polhkosh var. of polhkash trash

polhlhi n someone who folds (clothes, flags, etc.)

polhlhih v to fold (two or more)

polhóllih v to sparkle (of two or more)

polhómah v to be folded, hemmed (of one) see

polhommih v to fold, hem (one)

polhótah v to spark (of one)

polla adv necessarily, definitely

pollásih v to be almost, nearly var. polásih polla̱sih

polla̱sih var. of pollásih

pomma pro this way var. iláp imma pimma see

ponaha̱klo v to keep asking ponakloh ask var. panáha̱klo

ponaklochih short form of apónaklochih

ponakloh v to ask (a question) var. panakloh i̱ ponakloh v to ask (someone a question), ask (someone to do something) var. i̱ panakloh ponaha̱klo v to keep asking var. panáha̱klo

ponókallo n cord

ponókamasso n rope

ponóla n cotton var. panóla

ponóla amo n cotton picker

ponóla i̱ sho̱shi n weevil

ponóla kallo n flax

ponóloshi n thread var. ponólosi ponóshi

ponólosi var. of ponóloshi thread

ponóshi var. of ponóloshi thread

ponóshi sokko n yarn

poshna̱ya n owner, caretaker (of an animal)

poshólih var. of pashólih

poshpoki n soap suds, bubbles

poskos n little baby (term of endearment)

pótah v to borrow i̱ pótah v to lend (to someone) im á pótah v to borrow from (someone)

potanno adj envious

potólih v to touch var. patóli patólih

S s

sa- 1 v IIagr pfx my 2 v IIagr pfx me 3 pro pfx I am see

sa̱- form of am- my; to me, for me; from me

sachówah v to be soft, spongy

sakáchih v to hit (on back of head) var. sakálichih

sakákachih v to knock on (a door), make the sound of knocking

sakálichih var. of sakáchih

sakka̱hah v to beat up

sakkih v to catch up to (someone)

sakli n bass, trout

saksobáchih v to be loud (of a person)

saksobah v to be loud (of an action)

saksobálih to be loud (of a person)

sakti n the bank of a stream or river

saláhachih v to slow (something) down

saláhah v 1 to be slow 2 to do something slowly saláhahósh adv slowly salláhahósh v very slowly salláhat adv doing slowly, gradually

saláhahósh adv slowly saláhah salláhahósh

salakha n liver var. shalakha

salbo n scab

salláhahósh v very slowly saláhahósh saláhah

salláhat adv doing slowly, gradually from saláhah

sam- form of am- my; to me, for me; from me

sanahchi var. of sanihchi wing

sanihchi n wing var. sanahchi

sápa var. of osápa field

sápah var. of osápa field

sapo̱tak var. of shapo̱tak mosquito

Sapo̱tak Hilha n Mosquito Dance var. Shapo̱tak Hilha

shabahki n oval

shachákachih v to crackle (like the sound of walking on dry leaves), make a crunching sound

shachonna n onion var. shachonnak

shachonnak var. of shachonna onion

sha̱fah v to be shaved

sha̱ffih v 1 to shave 2 to skin (a rabbit, etc.)

shahba var. of shakba arm

shahchih v to rake

shahlih v to do a lot, often i̱ shahlih v 1 to be greater than, more than 2 to be older than (someone) short form i̱ shaht sha̱hlih v to always do

sha̱hlih v to always do from shahlih

shahwa var. of shawwa bush

shakápah to be noisy

shakba n arm var. shahba

shakba áfohoma n shirt cuff

shakbatína n bobcat, red lynx Lynx rufus

shakchi n crawfish Procambarus clarkii var. shakchi homma

shakchi homma var. of shakchi crawfish

shakchikih n eastern mud snake Farancia abacura

shakchit tobah idiom to back out (of a situation, a promise, etc.)

shákhollo var. of sha̱kolo cypress tree

shakihpa n American mink Neovison vison

shakihpa hasi̱bis faláya n long-tailed weasel Neogale frenata

sha̱kolo n cypress, bald cypress, swamp cypress Taxodium distichum var. shákhollo

sha̱kolo itibbi n cypress knee

shaksha̱pi n beetle

shalakha var. of salakha

shalaklak n goose var. shilaklak goose

shalálichih v to drag

shalálih 1 v to slide, slither (multiple times or objects) 2 idiom to slide over to (someplace) see

shalallih v slide, slither (one time) see

sháli 1 n a carrier alla sháli n child carrier: school bus iti sháli n logging truck

sháli 2 adv always see

shálih v 1 to carry (in the arms, on a vehicle, etc.) 2 to carry (an unborn child), be pregnant

shalo̱taki n cricket var. shilo̱taki

shamáchih v to put on (jewelry, bracelets, earrings, etc.) shama̱chih v to be wearing (jewelry)

shama̱chih v to be wearing (jewelry) from shamáchih

shamalli v to be stuck dat i̱ shamallichih

shamatti n dart (for a blowgun) var. shimatti

shamohlichih v to stick into (pin cushion, etc)

shanah v to be twisted, wrung

shanakha n upper back

shanap var. of shinap ash tree

shanashbi adj sticky

shanáyachih v to cross or make crooked (the eyes, etc.)

shanáyah v to be sideways, crooked (of an object, etc.) var. shanáyówah

shanáyówah var. of shanáyah

shannih v to twist, wring

shanoktakoshi n groundhog

Shanoktakoshi I̱ Nittak n Groundhog Day

sha̱pha flag, banner

Sha̱pha I̱ Nittak n Flag Day

shapo n hat

shapo kallo n helmet

shapo wonoksho n woolen hat

shapólih v to put on (a hat), wear (a hat)

shapo̱tak n mosquito var. sapo̱tak

Shapo̱tak Hilha var. of Sapo̱tak Hilha Mosquito Dance

shatablichih v to be constipated

shatablih v to be full (of one)

shatáli n swelling (as when someone has arthritis) var. shatohli

shatálih v to swell

shatammichih v to inflate

shatammih v to be full (of two or more)

shatanni n tick var. shitanni

Shatanni Hilha n Tick Dance

shatannoshi n seed tick

shatohli var. of shatáli swelling

shatohpa n swelling, knot

shatoklih v to heave (like the belly while panting), breathe hard var. shotoklih

shatommoh v to bloat

shawi n raccoon

shawi hattak n monkey

shawi hattak chito n ape, gorilla

Shawi Hilha n Raccoon Dance

shawi imo̱cháha var. of chonásha

shawwa n bush var. shahwa

shibbih var. of shiblih stretch

shiblih v 1 to stretch (something) 2 peel (cane)? var. shibbih

shibota var. of shobota steam

shi̱ffih var. of shillih

shi̱fih 1 v to pull out (hair)

shi̱fih 2 var. of shillih

shiha̱klih var. of shoha̱klih

shikalla n bead, beadwork

shikalla hota̱pi n stringing beads

shikalla ikbi n beadwork maker, beader

shikalla inno̱chi alhkoháchi n beaded collar necklace

shikalla inno̱chi lo̱bo var. of shikalla lo̱bo inno̱chi beaded medallion

shikalla inno̱chi mala̱ta n silver collar necklace

shikalla isht atta n beadwork maker, beader

shikalla lo̱bo inno̱chi n beaded medallion var. inno̱chi lo̱bo shikalla inno̱chi lo̱bo

shikalla ná isht áyikbi n beader

shikalla nihi n seed bead

shikalla tana n beadwork maker

shikallachi n beadwork maker, beader

shikallachih to bead

shíki n buzzard

shíki chito n vulture

shíki fanash n blueberry, huckleberry var. shi̱ki fanash

shi̱ki fanash var. of shíki fanash

shíki kolófa n carrion crow

shíkih foníchi n whortleberry

shikílih v to tip-toe (pl)

shikíliklih v to tip-toe (sg)

shikkiliklik n American kestrel, sparrowhawk

shila 1 1 adj dry 2 idiom skinny, lean comp hashshok shila hashshok palaska shila palaska

shila 2 n drought

shiláchih v to dry, make (something) dry, cause (something) to dry

shílah idiom to be dried up (skinny)

shilaklak var. of shalaklak goose goose

shilat tahah v to dry up

shilílih n to dry (something)

shillih v to comb var. shi̱ffih shi̱fih 2

shilo̱bish 1 n shadow

shilo̱bish 2 n spirit

Shilo̱bish Holítopa n Holy Ghost

shilo̱bish okpolo n evil spirit

shilokba 1 var. of shilokwa wart toad

shilokba 2 var. of shilokwa wart toad

shilokpa n lungs var. sholoppa

shilokwa n 1 toad 2 wart var. shilokba 2 shilokba 1

shilop n ghost

shilop im illi̱pa n mushroom

shilop im issobah n praying mantis

shilosh var. of sholosh shoes

shilo̱taki var. of shalo̱taki cricket

shíma var. of shi̱ma adornment

shi̱ma n adornment: make-up, decoration, etc. var. shíma

shímachih v to adorn (a dress, etc.), decorate (a Christmas tree, etc.), dress up

shi̱machih

shimáfa var. of iti shimáfa splinter

shimatti var. of shamatti

shimatti ikbi n dart maker (for a blow gun)

shimmih v to make splinters

shimóha n nightmare

shimo̱hachih v to numb (the gums, etc.)

shimóhah v to have a nightmare

shinakka n upper back between shoulder blades

shinap n ash tree var. shanap

shinap holba n white ash tree

shiníkachih v to buzz (like bees or locusts)

shinok n sand

shinok lakchi n sand slurry lakchi

shinok tilhíli n mint

shinok yololli n sarsaparilla var. akshish lakna

shinówah v to be wrinkled

shípah v to be stretched

shippachih v to go down (of a swelling or fever)

shippah v 1 to evaporate, dry up 2 to cool down, to get cold 3 to be smaller, to be reduced, to be thinner

shitanni var. of shatanni tick

shiwíkah v to come loose

sho̱bala n cottonwood tree

shobohli n smoke, fog var. shobolhi

shobohlichih v to smoke (meat, etc.)

shobohlih v to smoke (of a fire, etc.), be smoky var. shobolhih

shobolhi var. of shobohli

shobolhih var. of shobohlih

shobota n steam var. shibota

shobótah v to be steamy

shochówah v to crumble

sho̱fah v to fall out, come off

sho̱ffih v to take (one thing or pair) off see

shofóli adj swollen

shoha̱klih v to hop, limp var. shiha̱klih

shohbih v to do all day, do until evening see

shohmalálih v to shine, be bright (from above) var. shommilállih

shohmi var. of chohmih

shokáchih var. of shokálih

shokáfah v to peel off (like paint on a wall)

shokaffih v to scrape, peel off (bit by bit) see

sho̱kah v to inhale (smoke)

shokahlih v to come off, peel off (of shingles, etc.)

shokálih v to peel var. shokáchih

shokáni var. of chokáni house fly

sho̱kani n ant

sho̱kani hika n flying ant

sho̱kani homma n red ant

sho̱kani i̱chokka n ant hill

shokáni lakna n house fly (large)

sho̱kani losa n black ant

shokatti n frog

shokatti himitta n bullfrog (young)

shokbo n blanket

shokcha n pocket, purse

shokha var. of shokka

shokha anno̱pa n hog tale, story: a traditional Choctaw story, typically involving animal characters short form shokhanno̱pa

shokha chinísa n the runt of the litter

shokha hanáli n ham

shokha nipi n pork

shokha nipi shila n bacon, salt pork var. shokha nipi shilíli

shokha nipi shilíli var. of shokha nipi shila

shokhalah adj light (in weight)

shokhanno̱pa short form of shokha anno̱pa hog tales

shokhata var. of shokkata opossum

shokhoshi var. of shokkoshi

shokka n pig, hog var. shokha

shokka nipi n pork

shokkata n opossum var. shokhata

shokko̱hah v 1 to beat 2 to knock var. sokko̱hah 1 sokko̱hah 2

shokkoshi n pig, piglet var. shokhoshi

shoklih v to scrape, peel off (all at once, e.g. paint from a wall) see

shokmalálih v to dawn, break (of dawn)

sho̱komma var. of sho̱shomma chigger red bug

shokshi n watermelon, melon

shokshobak n gourd

shóli n hug

shólih v to carry, hold

sho̱lih v to give birth to

sholókah v to fuss, grumble, whine, complain

sho̱lolo n lark

sholoppa var. of shilokpa lungs

sholosh n shoe var. shilosh

sholosh cháha n boots

sholosh isht tallakchi n shoelace

sholosh talakchi n shoelace

shommaláli n glare

shommalashlih v to glisten

shommi n humidity

shommih v to be damp, humid

shommilállih var. of shohmalálih

shopi var. of shopik

shopik n choupique, grinnel, bowfin var. shopi

sho̱shi n bug, insect, worm, larva comp chokka ikbi sho̱shi dirt dauber chokka

sho̱shi hakshop n locust shell

sho̱shi wolhkochi toba n spanish fly

sho̱shomma n chigger, red bug var. sho̱komma red bug

shoti n pot, kettle

shotik n sky comp hattak shotik misha iya astronaut hattak

shoto̱ha v to beat up, punch (as in boxing) var. shotta̱hah 1

shotoklih var. of shatoklih

shotta̱hah 1 var. of shoto̱ha

shotta̱hah 2 v to beat on, to hit (a person, a punching bag), usually with the fist

shottolah v full, bloated, pregnant

showah v to stink (for example, of a dead thing)

showílih v to take off (two or more clothes, braids, etc.) see ilíshowílih v to take (one’s own clothes) off

sích n white sage, sage Salvia apiana

silhlhih v to track (of a dog)

si̱lih exclamation exclamation at something wrong happening: oh, no!

silik n silk

silik sho̱shi n silkworm

sinni n American sycamore Platanus occidentalis

sipoknih v to be old

sipsi n American tulip tree, yellow poplar Liriodendron tulipfera

sita n ribbon

si̱tano̱sa n black racer snake Coluber constrictor

si̱ti n snake, serpent

si̱ti basówa n ribbon snake, type of garter snake Thamnophis saurita

si̱ti hakshop n snake skin

Si̱ti Hilha n Snake Dance

si̱ti im alikchi n dragonfly

si̱ti losa n black snake, black pinesnake var. si̱ti lo̱sa si̱ti losah

si̱ti lo̱sa var. of si̱ti losa black pinesnake

si̱ti losah var. of si̱ti losa black pinesnake

si̱ti okpolo n viper

si̱ti o̱tollo̱ var. of si̱tollo rattlesnake

si̱ti pohkol n eastern kingsnake Lampropeltis getula

si̱ti shawi n rattlesnake, canebrake or timber Crotalus horridus

si̱tollo n rattlesnake var. si̱ti o̱tollo̱ so̱tollo

si̱tollo i̱ chasha n rattlesnake's rattles

si̱toshi n a young snake; snake egg

siya immi n mine (used for family terms), my side (of the family)

siyah phrase I am

siyaksobah v to be noisy

skali var. of iskali

skossa var. of okhisa door

sokka̱hah v to beat up (a person)

sokko n muscadine grape Vitis rotundifolia

sokkochi n condensation

sokkochih v to thicken (dough, clay, etc.)

sokkoh v to be thick (of inanimates)

sokko̱hah 1 var. of shokko̱hah beat knock

sokko̱hah 2 var. of shokko̱hah beat knock

sokosóma var. of issi kosóma goat

so̱tollo var. of si̱tollo rattlesnake

T t

-t sp. var. of at subject marker

tabaklih v to be crippled, walk unevenly

tabi n walking cane

tabi átakáli n crutch

ta̱bla n drinking glass var. ta̱pla

tablih v to cut (hair, string, paper, wood, cake, etc.) see á tablih v to cut a piece from (cloth, paper, etc.)

tabókolih v to be noon short form tákoli noon

tabókowa n arc

tábolih v to play stickball

ta̱ch api n corn cob, corn stalk ta̱chi corn

ta̱ch a̱pi n ear of corn ta̱chi corn

ta̱ch bokahli var. of ta̱chi bokahli ta̱chi

ta̱chi n corn Zea maize ta̱ch api n corn cob, corn stalk ta̱ch a̱pi n ear of corn ta̱chi bokahli n popcorn var. ta̱ch bokahli ta̱sh bokahli ta̱chi hakshop n corn husk, corn shuck see

ta̱chi bokahli n popcorn ta̱chi corn var. ta̱ch bokahli ta̱sh bokahli

ta̱chi bota long form of ta̱sh bota

ta̱chi hakshop n corn husk, corn shuck ta̱chi corn see

ta̱chi hilo̱ha n corn on the cob var. ta̱sh hilo̱ha

ta̱chi holhponi n hominy

ta̱chi lobóna n hominy with meat var. ta̱shlobóna

ta̱chi palaska n cornbread var. ta̱chi paska ta̱sh pallaska

ta̱chi paska var. of ta̱chi palaska cornbread

ta̱chi poshi n cornmeal short form ta̱sh poshi

ta̱chi sho̱shi n corn earworm Helicoverpa zea

ta̱fola n hominy (stirred and thickened corn)

tahah v 1 to be out of (something), gone, finished (used as a main verb) 2 to be complete, done completely (used after another verb) 3 to finally do something (used with another verb) 4 After some verbs of motion 5 be:dead i̱ tahah v 1 to be tired, worn out 2 to be out of (something) tayyahah v to be finished, all gone

tahat iyah v to be lost (of an object, idea, practice), worn out, going to it's end ph. v. of iyah of one

tahchi n shoulder ittahchi n her/his/its/their shoulder

tahchifa n soap, detergent

tahlhápih v five, to be five var. talhlhápih

táhli v to finish (finally) from tahlih

tahlih v 1 to finish (something) 2 to finish (doing something) (used with a transitive verb) 3 to do (something) completely 4 to finish i̱ tahlih v to finish (something of another’s), use up táhli v to finish (finally) tát ka̱chih v destroy, demolish, knock down

tahpalah v to call out, shout, yell i̱ tahpalah v to call out to (someone), shout to, yell to, yell for (a team) o̱ tahpalah v to yell at var. o̱ tappalah

takáchih v 1 to hang up (a picture, shirt, etc.) 2 to write down (a note, your name, etc.), sign (your name on something) see

takaffih v to serve, scoop out (food) see

takálih v to be stuck (of one) see taka̱lih v 1 to be hanging (of one), be overhead or above 2 be:hanging:out 3 be:located pl i̱ taka̱lih v 1 to have (one thing that hangs, as a collar) 2 to owe 3 to have a difficult time with, have a hard time with, get involved in someone else’s business, interfere (in something) takkalih v to stick around, hang around (a place)

taka̱lih v 1 to be hanging (of one), be overhead or above 2 be:hanging:out 3 be:located takálih pl i̱ taka̱lih of one

takbah v to be bitter

takchih v to tie (shoelaces, a knot, etc.) átallakchi jail á

takhollo n week long form nittak hollo

takhollo taha n weekend

takissa chikchiki var. of tobi chokfi

takka̱chih v to destroy, demolish

takkalih v to stick around, hang around (a place) from takálih

takkon n peach, apple

takkon api n peach tree

takkon chito n apple

takkon chito api n apple tree

Takkon hashi n Peach month (August)

takkon kobish n pear

takkon kobish api n pear tree

takkon lakna n orange (the fruit)

takkon lakna chito n newer word grapefruit

takkon oshi n plum

takkon oshi api n plum tree

takkon walakshi n peach dumplings, cobbler

takla post close to, near to (a person, place, etc.), beside

ta̱kla post 1 going with (someone), accompanying 2 before (a time)

ta̱kla alah v to come with (someone) alah of one see

ta̱kla a̱ttah v to stay with (someone) a̱ttah exist (of one) from attah

takla a̱yah v to be going with (someone) a̱yah be going

ta̱kla ilhkólih v to go with (someone, of three or more) ilhkólih 1 of three or more see

ta̱kla ittaláchih v to come with (someone, of two) ittaláchih of two see

ta̱kla iyah to go with (someone, of one) iyah of one see

ta̱kla o̱t chokwah v to go in (a house, etc.) with (someone) chokwah enter (of one)

ta̱kla pist iyah v to go see (someone) with (someone), visit iyah of one

taklah v be with

takla̱ka post on side of, alongside

taklhalah short form of taklholálih yell

taklholálih v to yell, holler, cheer short form taklhalah

taklih v to serve (food or drink), dish up see i̱ taklih v to serve (food or drink) to (someone), dish up for

takófah v to be knocked off

takoffih v to knock off

takohchih var. of takólichih (two or more)

takohlih v to hang out together (of two) see tako̱hlih v to be hanging (of two) var. tako̱lih see

tako̱hlih v to be hanging (of two) takohlih see var. tako̱lih

takohma̱yah 1 v to be hanging (of three or more) 2 v to be on the internet, be on a computer (of three or more) 3 v be doing (something in motion) 4 idiom to be hanging out together (of three or more) see pl

takóláho̱si n before noon

tákoli short form of tabókolih noon

tákoli o̱t iya n afternoon

tákoli takla n before noon

takólichih v 1 to hang up (two or more) 2 to write (more than one thing) var. takohchih see

tako̱lih var. of tako̱hlih of two takohlih

takossa n black, African American

takshi n root of a tree

takshih v to be shy, bashful i̱ takshih v to be shy of (other people), bashful around (someone)

találih v to set down (one cup, plate, basket, an object with a base) see

taláya adj setting (of a natural feature such as a body of water )

taláyah v to sit (of one thing with a base such as a cup, plate, basket, etc.) sg tala̱yah v 1 to be sitting, set, set down (of one thing with a base such as a cup, plate, basket, etc.) 2 be:located

tala̱yah v 1 to be sitting, set, set down (of one thing with a base such as a cup, plate, basket, etc.) 2 be:located taláyah

talbal n double-weave basket

talhípa n hundred (usually followed by a number) talhípa achaffa v one hundred

talhípa sipokni n thousand (usually followed by a number) talhípa sipokni achaffah v one thousand talhípa sipokni pokkólih v ten thousand talhípa sipokni talhípa achaffah v one hundred thousand

talhípa sipokni bát talhípa sipokni n million (thousand times a thousand)

talhko n leather, hide (of an animal)

talhko hata n light-colored leather

talhlhápih var. of tahlhápih five

talhoffih v to dislocate (one’s arm, etc.) see

talho̱wa n poison ivy Toxicodendron radicans

talhpakka n eastern prickly pear Opuntia humifusa

tali n stone, rock, metal

tali ano̱pa var. of tali áyano̱poli 2 telephone

tali áyano̱poli 1 var. of tali áyano̱poli 2 telephone

tali áyano̱poli 2 n telephone var. tali ano̱pa tali áyano̱poli 1

tali ayi̱cho̱li n typewriter

tali bachóha n bars (of metal)

tali chamáhachi n bell var. tali chamákachi bells

tali chamákachi var. of tali chamáhachi bells bells

tali chanáha n 1 washers (round metal) 2 washers (game)

tali chanalli n wheelbarrow, rolling transport, vehicle

tali hashi̱tak folóta n round metal comb

tali hata n silver

tali hina n 1 paved road 2 railroad

tali holissochi n printer

tali kassa thimble

tali lakna n gold

tali lo̱bo n washers (metal rounds)

tali lopi n computer

tali mala̱to holisso n aluminum foil

tali patalhpo n pavement, paved road

tali pila washóha n washers (a kind of game)

tali píni n train, locomotive píni o̱t áhikíya n train station

tali tanakbi n hook

tali tosháfa n boulder

tali wíki n heavy metal weights

talohlih v to set down (two or more objects with bases) var. talólih see comp aba talohlih

talohma̱ya v to be sitting (of multiple things with a base) sg

taloktak n wood thrush Hylocichla mustelina

talólih var. of talohlih two or more

talóshik 1 var. of talóshik 2

talóshik 2 n pebble, small rock var. talóshik 1

talówa n 1 song 2 singer, chanter

talówa alhíha n singers

talówah v to sing átalówa n where one sings: songbook

tamáha n town

tamáha chito n city

tamóhah v to go away, leave, disappear (of two or more) var. tamówah see i̱ tamóhah v for (several people, things) to be gone from (someone), for (several people, thing) to be lost to (someone)

tamówah var. of tamóhah go away, of two or more

tanah v 1 to weave (baskets, pottery, beadwork, etc.) 2 to string (beads) var. tannih

tanakbichih v to bend (needles, nails, bendable things), make crooked

tanakbih v to be bent, crooked

tanap n turnip

tanáp var. of tanápo gun

tana̱p lhabáta n bow var. tana̱p lhabáto

tana̱p lhabáta immi n archery

tana̱p lhabáta i̱naki n arrow

tana̱p lhabáta ishi n archer

tana̱p lhabáto var. of tana̱p lhabáta bow

tanápo n gun var. tanáp tana̱po

tana̱po var. of tanápo gun

tánichih v to make get up, get (someone) up falammi̱t tánichih v to raise (someone) back up

tánih v to get up (from lying position) falámat tánih v to rise again, rise back up (from a fall), get back up

tannap n the other one i̱ tannap n 1 the other side of (something), opposite, beyond 2 match, mate, other (of a pair)

tannih var. of tanah

tapah v to be cut off (of hair, string, something long) see comp okatápah

tapaskachih v to make (something) thin (e.g. when doing woodwork)

tapaski adj thin

tapaskih v to be thin (of cloth, cane, etc.) var. taposkih

ta̱pla var. of ta̱bla drinking glass

taposhshik n basket

taposhshik ikbi var. of taposhshik tana basket weaver

taposhshik lapish n cornucopia

taposhshik tana n basket weaver var. taposhshik ikbi

taposkih var. of tapaskih be thin

taptolih v 1 to cut in pieces (carrots, onions, wood, etc.) 2 to cut (a lot of things) var. tattoli see

taptowah v to be cut in pieces, chopped see

tasáhah v to holler, whoop (once)

tasahlih v to holler (of several people)

ta̱sh bokahli var. of ta̱chi bokahli ta̱chi

ta̱sh bota n cornmeal long form ta̱chi bota

ta̱sh hilo̱ha var. of ta̱chi hilo̱ha

ta̱sh pallaska var. of ta̱chi palaska cornbread

ta̱sh poshi short form of ta̱chi poshi cornmeal

ta̱sh yammaska n cornmeal dough see

tasháláli n belted kingfisher Megaceryle alcyon

tashayyi n island

tashka n warrior, soldier

Tashka Kaníya Alhíha I̱ Nittak n Memorial Day

tashka pihlíchi n officer (in the military), leader of the soldiers

tashkih v older word to lie down see

ta̱shlobóna var. of ta̱chi lobóna

tasi̱bo n fool, crazy person

tasi̱boh v to be crazy

táso var. of tasso

tasso n dollar bill, dollar var. táso

tát ka̱chih v destroy, demolish, knock down from tahlih ka̱chih 2

tatowwichih short form of ittatowwichih

tattoli var. of taptolih

tayyahah v to be finished, all gone tahah be finished

ti chanalli var. of iti chanáha wagon

Tiak Hikíya sp. var. of Tiyak Hikíya

tibákachih v to be crippled, limp, hobble

tibaklih v to limp

tiballichih v to miss (shooting something, etc.) i̱ tiballichih v to make (someone) miss (an appointment, bus, etc.)

tiballih v to miss i̱ tiballih v 1 to miss 2 to make a mistake

ti̱fah v to be pulled out (of one), plucked see

ti̱ffih v to pluck out (a hair), pull out (a tooth, etc.) see

tíh n tea

tihah v to be plucked (of two or more), pulled out, come out see

tihlih v to pluck out (feathers, hairs, teeth), pull out see

tík n female

Tík i̱ hashi n Women’s month (April)

tika̱bih v to be tired tíkabit tahah v to be tired of (doing something)

tíkabit tahah v to be tired of (doing something) tika̱bih

tikba 1 post in front of, ahead of, forward, further, beyond 2 n older sibling

ti̱kba adj 1 first 2 ancient, former, before see

tikba hikíyah v to be in charge (of one)

tikba hiyohlih v to be in charge (of three or more)

tikba i̱ hikíya n one who stands in front: leader

tikba i̱ hiyohli n those who stand in front: leaders

tikba imma adv forward, toward the front

ti̱kba ka̱ adv the first time, first of all

tikba takáli n apron (for cooking, stickball, or traditional attire)

ti̱kbaka̱ adv first:of:all

tikba̱lih v to be ahead of time, beforehand

tikchi n wife

tikchi iksho n bachelor

tikílih v 1 to nearly touch or hit 2 to get too close to someone, to antagonize physically

tiko̱chih v to cut unevenly

tiko̱klo var. of lhoko̱klo hummingbird

ti̱kti n ivory-billed woodpecker

tilháyah v to run (of two) see

tilhólih v to squeeze

tilófah v to be broken (of an arm, finger, etc.)

tiloffih v to break (a finger, etc.)

tisháfah v to be split off or into pieces (of bread, fruit) var. tosháfah

tishaffih v to split into pieces (bread, fruit, etc.), split off

tishi homi n hot pepper (jalapeño, etc.)

tishi homi losa n black pepper

ti̱shkila n blue jay Cyanocitta cristana

tishólih 1 v to pour (water, sand, etc., usually from a pail), transfer (materials from a container)

tishólih 2 var. of toshólih translate

tiwáchih var. of towáchih stir stir

tiwah v to open (of a door, etc.) var. towwah ti̱wah v to be open (of a door, etc.)

ti̱wah v to be open (of a door, etc.) tiwah

tiwákachih v to cause a commotion, stir up trouble var. towákachih

tiwih var. of tiwwih

tiwwih v to open (a door, stove, etc.) var. tiwih towih towwi towwih ti̱wwih v to keep (a door) open

ti̱wwih v to keep (a door) open tiwwih

tiyak n pine (primarily yellow pine species: loblolly, short leaf, long leaf, and slash) Pinus pinus sp. tiyak ani n pine cone

tiyak ani n pine cone from tiyak pine tree ani seed

tiyak bila n turpentine

tiyak fa̱ya var. of tiyak hishi faláya

tiyak hakshish showa n Virginia snakeroot Aristolochia serpentaria

tiyak hashtap n pine straw, fallen pine needles

tiyak hika n pine sap

Tiyak Hikíya n Standing Pine community sp. var. Tiak Hikíya

tiyak hishi n pine needles still on the tree

tiyak hishi faláya n longleaf pine Pinus palustris var. tiyak fa̱ya

tiyak hishi yoshkolóli n shortleaf pine Pinus echinata var. tiyak hobak

tiyak hobak var. of tiyak hishi yoshkolóli shortleaf pine

tiyak i̱ si̱ti n eastern diamondback rattlesnake Crotalus adamanteus

tiyak oshi n pine sapling

tiyak showa n Texas snakeroot Aristolochia reticulata

tobáchih v 1 to turn on (lights, TV, etc.) 2 to light (a candle, lamp)

toba̱chih v to blister

tobah v 1 to become (something) 2 to come to be 3 to be on (of a lamp, TV, etc.), running (of an engine) 4 to take (a photo) 5 to turn (a certain age), become (a certain age) á toba adj made from to̱bah v to be on (of lights, a TV, etc.)

tóbah adv very much, really

to̱bah v to be on (of lights, a TV, etc.) tobah become

tobakli n flash

tobaksi n fire coals, embers

toba̱lih var. of towa̱lih

tobbih var. of toblih

tobi n beans, peas

tobi balalli n bean vine

tobi bokahlichi n pinto beans Phaseolus vulgaris

tobi chakassa n butter beans Phaseolus unatus var. tobi latassa tobi patassa tobi takissa

tobi chokfi n speckled peas, speckled variety of southern cowpeas such as Whippoorwill Vigna unguiculata var. takissa chikchiki tobi shawi̱ha tobi takissa basówa

tobi falóha api n southern catalpa Catalpa bignonioides var. tobi holba

tobi hakshop losa n black beans Phaseolus vulgaris

tobi holba var. of tobi falóha api catalpa

tobi hollo isht abílha n garden bush pea

tobi i̱ hiyohli n pole beans

tobi kobahli n snap beans, green beans, string beans Phaseolous vulgaris

tobi kowa n snap beans, green beans, string beans

tobi latassa var. of tobi chakassa

tobi nishkin homma n pink-eyed purple hull peas, cowpeas Vigna unguiculata

tobi nishkin losa n black-eyed peas, cowpeas Vigna unguiculata

tobi patassa var. of tobi chakassa

tobi shawi̱ha var. of tobi chokfi

tobi shila n dried peas

tobi takissa var. of tobi chakassa

tobi takissa basówa var. of tobi chokfi

tobi tohbi chipi̱ta n navy beans Phaseolus vulgaris

toblih v 1 to push (a thing, a person) 2 to persuade (someone to do something), push (someone into doing something), rush (a person into acting) var. tobbih

tochchínah var. of tohchínah three

tofa n spit

tofah v 1 to spit 2 to spit (something) out var. toffah

toff exclamation the end (of a story)

toffa n summer (season), summertime

toffah var. of tofah

toffapi n spring (season), springtime var. toffatiya

toffatiya var. of toffapi spring

tohbi adj white

tohbih v to be white

tohchínah v three, to be three var. tochchínah isht tohchínah to be three from (a certain point)

tohfana n hump on back

tohfanah v to be hunched (of people, animals), humpbacked

tohi n cabbage, kale

tohnoh v 1 to hire 2 to ask (someone to do something) var. tónoh

tohto n winged elm Ulmus alata

tohwikíli n 1 light, lamp 2 daybreak, sunrise, first light var. tokwikíli

tohwikílih v to be bright, glow, shine var. tokwikílih shine

-tok v tense sfx recent past tense also -tók

-tók form of -tok pst

tokáfah v to explode (of a gun, bullet), fire, go off

tokaffih v to fire, shoot (a gun)

tokalhlhi form of hitokalhlhi

tokchobi n 1 dust 2 ashes

tokchobih v to be dusty

tokcholih v to tickle var. chokcholih

-tokla 1 ubd stem sfx both 2 suffix dual 3 v ubd stem sfx dual:subj

toklochih v to double

tokloh v two, to be two var. to̱kloh

to̱kloh var. of tokloh be two

to̱ksali n 1 work, job 2 worker

to̱ksalih v 1 to work (in office, factory, etc.) 2 to work (properly, satisfactorily) (of a thing) to̱ksálih v to work to̱ksa̱lih v to work

to̱ksálih v to work from to̱ksalih

to̱ksa̱lih v to work from to̱ksalih

tokshilah v to be thirsty

toksilíchi var. of hapi tokwisíli sugar

toksílih var. of tokwisílih be sweet

tokswílih var. of tokwisílih be sweet

tokwikíli var. of tohwikíli light

tokwikílih var. of tohwikílih shine

tokwi̱shak n willow tree var. ittoko̱wisha towi̱shak

tokwisílih v to be sweet var. toksílih tokswílih

tolhlhak n soot

tóli n 1 ballgame (stickball, baseball, basketball, etc.) 2 ball player

tólih v 1 to play ball 2 to play (a ballgame) to̱lih v to play ball (nasal form)

to̱lih v to play ball (nasal form) from tólih

tollih var. of hatollih bounce

Tolobli Hilha n Jump Dance

toloblih v to jump (once)

tómichi n sunshine

to̱michih v to be very sunny, to be shiny from to̱mih var. hashto̱michih be sunny

tómih var. of to̱mih

to̱mih v to be sunny var. tómih to̱michih v to be very sunny, to be shiny var. hashto̱michih

tonnik n fencepost

tónoh var. of tohnoh

tonólih v to spin, turn (of a fan, merry-go-round, etc.), go around

tonollichih v to roll (something), make spin

tonollih v to tumble (of a person), roll over

topah n bed

topah i̱ sho̱shi n bed bug

-tósh 1 v sfx pt:ss var. -tósh 2

-tósh 2 var. of -tósh 1

tosháfa n piece (of something cut or torn off, as bread, paper, meat, etc.)

tosháfah var. of tisháfah

toshaffih v to tear off a piece (of bread, fabric, paper, etc.)

tosháli n splinter, shavings, little pieces (of cane)

toshbih v to be rotten (like dead wood)

toshólih v to translate, interpret var. tishólih 2

toshówa adj translated, interpreted

toshówah v to be translated

to̱shpah v to hurry

to̱sobi var. of to̱stobi

to̱stobi n Cooper’s hawk, blue hawk Accipiter cooperii var. to̱sobi

towa var. of towwa

towáchih v to stir (food, etc.) var. tiwáchih stir towálichih

towákachih var. of tiwákachih cause a commotion

towálichih var. of towáchih stir

towa̱lichih v to toast (bread), make brown

towa̱lih v to brown, turn brown, be browned (of bread) var. toba̱lih

towih var. of tiwwih

towi̱shak var. of tokwi̱shak willow tree

towwa n ball, stickball var. towa

towwa ikbi n stickball maker

towwa isht bóli n baseball bat

towwah var. of tiwah

towwi var. of tiwwih

towwih var. of tiwwih

ttiyapishi var. of ittiyápishi

-ttók v tense sfx remote past tense

ttósh 1 rem:pt:ss var. ttósh 2

ttósh 2 var. of ttósh 1

W w

wáchih var. of wáyachih

wahnota var. of wánota yard

wahwoli n eastern whip-poor-will Antrostomus vociferus

waiya var. of wayyah

wák n cow

wák bila n medicinal ointment, a kind of Choctaw home remedy, used to rub on sores

wák hobak n steer

wák ishki n milk cow

wák nakni n bull

wák nipi n beef

wák oshi n calf, young cow var. wákoshi

wák to̱ksali n ox, oxen

wák wichílit iyah phrase to go milk a cow

wakáma adj opened

wakammih v to open (a book, curtains)

wakáyah v to rise, arise, get up (from sitting or lying position)

wakchalálih v to spread the legs

wakílih var. of wikílih lift

wákoshi var. of wák oshi

waláhah v to be spoiled, curdled, infected (meat, milk, blood, etc.) var. walátah

walakshi n dumpling (blackberry, chicken, blueberry, etc.)

walátah var. of waláhah

walhallichih v to boil (liquid, soups, broth, etc.)

walhallih v to boil (of water, etc.)

walhánah n horsefly var. ohla̱nah walha̱nah yalhánah yolha̱nah

walha̱nah var. of walhánah horsefly

walhpílachih v to back up (a vehicle, people) var. walhpilálih

walhpílah v to go backwards, back up

walhpilálih var. of walhpílachih

walóhah v to be fresh, tender (like turnip greens)

walwa n pit of stomach, hollow of stomach below sternum

walwaki n greens, fresh vegetables

wanashbi v older word to be fluffy

wannichih v to shiver, shake (of animates)

wanokshoh var. of wonokshoh be fuzzy

wánota n yard (around the house) sp. var. wánita var. wahnota

wásha n annual cicada Neotibicen sp.

wáshah v to buzz (especially of cicada)

washakchih var. of wishakchi

washkabi 1 adj mangy 2 n mange

washóha n a sports game

washóhah v 1 to play 2 to play (a game) var. washówa

washówa var. of washóhah

wato̱lak n crane, sandhill crane

Wato̱lak hashi n Crane month (February)

wáwah v to poop (baby talk)

wáya n peanuts

wáyachih v to grow (plants, crops, trees), raise (animals) var. wáchih

wáyah v to grow (of plants)

wayyah v to bend over, lean var. waiya

wíha var. of wihah

wiháchih v to move (belongings) out of a house

wihah v 1 to move, relocate, change residence 2 to move to (a place) var. wíha á wihah v to move out of, move from wihat iyah v to move to wihi̱yah v to move (repeatedly)

wihat a̱yah v to move around

wihat iyah v to move to wihah

wihi̱yah v to move (repeatedly) wihah

wihpolih v to rob (someone)

wíkichih v to weigh (a person, package, etc)

wíkih v to be heavy

wikílih v to lift (something heavy) var. wakílih wokílih

wílih v to offer, hold up (something) a̱t i̱ wílih v to come offer (money, etc.) to (someone) i̱ wílih v to offer (something) to (someone), hand (something) to (someone)

wináchih var. of winálichih

winákachih v to shake (of the ground, trees, flags, etc.)

winálichih v to shake (an arm, object, etc.) var. wináchih

winálih var. of winallih

winallih v to wiggle (like jello), to sway var. winálih witiklih

wishakchi n tip, end (of pencil, spear, antler, etc.) var. washakchih

wishítah v to spout, spray, sprinkle, stream, flow (with some pressure from a faucet or hose)

wishlichih v to make splash, spurt, sprinkle, squirt i̱ wishlichih v to milk

wishlih v to splash, sprinkle, spurt, squirt

witiklih var. of winallih

wóha n bark of a dog

wóhachih

wóhah v to bark, honk (of a horn), to blow (of a horn)

wohlichi v to make (a dog) bark at (something)

wohwah v to bark, howl var. wohwóhah

wohwóhah var. of wohwah

wokílih var. of wikílih lift

wolhko n blister, callous

wolhkochih v to blister (feet, hands) wolhkoh

wolhkoh v to blister (of feet, hands) wolhkochih v to blister (feet, hands)

wonoksho n wool, fuzzy beard,

wonokshoh v to be fuzzy (of a blanket, animal, sock, etc.) var. wanokshoh

woshóchih var. of ayonókachih

Y y

-ya̱ n case sfx acc

ya̱bak chito n older word gopher

yabohlichih v to hop (as when one has a sore foot)

yaboshkih var. of laposhkih

yaboski n sock

yachiffih v to pick up or grab with the hand var. yichiffih

yáchih var. of yáyachih

yachonnah v to nod (in approval)

yaha̱ya yáyah

yahlichih var. of yawohlichih

yahmihchi

yahna var. of yanhah fever

yahohlichih var. of yawohlichih

yahyachih v older word to trot, jog

yakah 1 var. of yakkih

yakah 2 interj whoa, wow

yakchinólih v to bow (of head) var. akka chonólih yokchonólih

yakikih interj Oh no!

yakkih interj wow! oh! whoa! zoinks! behold! var. yakah 1

yakmihchih v to do like this (as someone is showing)

yakni n land, ground, earth, world, country comp yakni níyachih fertilize níyachih

yakni átaláya imma n newer word geography

yakni chilok n cave, cavern, large hole in the ground var. yakni cholok

yakni chito n earth, planet, world var. yakni lo̱bo

yakni cholok var. of yakni chilok

yakni fowi n yellow jacket wasp

yakni fowishki n yellow jacket wasp

yakni haknip n continent, body of land

yakni hochokbi n natural pit, cavern, cave

yakni iklanna apakfópa n newer word equator

yakni imáfo n spotted salamander Ambystoma maculatumn see

yakni isht lhacho̱ha n pickaxe

yakni kolokbi long form of kolokbi

yakni lo̱bo var. of yakni chito

yakni mo̱mah n the whole world, all over the world mo̱mah be all

yakni niyáchi n fertilizer

yakni níyachih v to fertilize from níyachih fatten yakni

yakni okla̱shko n wetland

yakni tosháfa n area, piece of land

yakni winákachi n earthquake

yakó short form of yakohmih

yakoffa var. of yikoffa gnat

yakohmih 1 v to be like this (as demonstrated) 2 all:this? var. yakómi short form yakó long form yappak ohmih yakoho̱mih v to keep being like this

yakoho̱mih v to keep being like this from yakohmih

yakókih 1 v to thank (someone) 2 interj thank you, thanks

Yakókih Chito Nittak n Thanksgiving Day

yakómi var. of yakohmih

yakómih n (all) these things

yala n grub (insect) var. yola

yalhánah var. of walhánah horsefly

yalhipíli n scarf

yalhki n feces, dung

yalhki tonóchi n dung beetle

yalli var. of iyalli price

yallo̱s n leech

yalóba n tadpole

yalóboshi n tadpole

yamaska n dough

yamaslih v to knead (dough, clay)

yamihchih v to do like that

yamma var. ma var. of yamma̱ that

yamma̱ 1 dem that (object form) 2 pro that one, he, she 3 dem there var. yamma short form ma̱ see

yammak o post at

yammat 1 dem that (subject form) 2 pro that one

yanalli n current (of water), flow, stream

yanallih v to flow, run, stream (of a liquid) in a channel

yanash n buffalo, bison

yanha hochokwah v to have a fever and chills var. yanha hochówachih

yanha hochówachih var. of yanha hochokwah

yanhah v to have a fever var. yahna

yappa var. of yappa̱

yappa̱ 1 pro this one (object form) 2 dem this (man, etc., object form) var. yappa

yappak dem here

yappak ohmih long form of yakohmih

yappat 1 pro this one (subject form) 2 dem this (man, etc., subject form)

yásh form of ásh

yási̱ti var. of iyá si̱ti eel

yat form of at subject marker

yawohlichih v to be itchy var. yahlichih yahohlichih

yáyachih v to make (someone) cry var. yáchih

yáyah v to cry var. yayyah yaha̱ya

yayyah var. of yáyah

yichiffih var. of yachiffih

yikoffa n gnat var. yakoffa

yikópah var. of yokópah

yikyiki n a zigzag (for example, a stitch or a drawing)

yikyikih v to zigzag var. yi̱yikih

yilhípah v to run (of three or more) see yilhípat tahah v to run off (of three or more)

yilhípat tahah v to run off (of three or more) yilhípah of three or more

yimi̱ta n encouragement, excitement

yimi̱tachih v to encourage, cheer for

yimi̱tah v to be animated, engaged

yimi̱tah átapa n enthusiasm

yimittah v to get excited

yimma híkiyo var. of yimmá híkiyo denial

yimmá híkiyo n denial var. yimma híkiyo

yimmáhí alhpísa n credibility

yimmi n believer

yimmichi n credentials

yimmih v to believe, have faith, be confident i̱ yimmih v to believe, believe in (someone), trust, have faith in ik i̱ yimmoh v to not believe (someone) ik ili̱yimmoh v to not believe in oneself

yishkololih var. of yoshkolólih

yi̱yikih var. of yikyikih zigzag

yo̱ 1 form of o̱

yo̱ 2 short form of yómi

yóchitoh v to be rich

yohablih v to loosen (a knot, etc.)

yohbih v to be mild, serene, or pleasant

yohchinah v to strain, struggle, use your might, to use strength to do something

yohlih v to sift (grain, flour)

yohmichih v to do or make (something) a certain way, make like, make it so var. ohmichih yohmihi̱chih

yohmih v 1 to happen 2 to be a certain way, be like that, be so yohmihmat v when that happened, after that (continuing the same subject) yohmit being like that, being so short form yót yoho̱hmih v to keep happening var. yoho̱mih

yohmih kiya conj even though it’s like that, although -kiya

yohmihi̱chih v to keep doing (repeatedly) from yohmichih

yohmihma̱ when that happened, after that (switching to a different subject)

yohmihmat v when that happened, after that (continuing the same subject) yohmih

yohmit being like that, being so yohmih short form yót

yohmit kaníya n expression

yoho̱hmih v to keep happening from yohmih var. yoho̱mih

yoho̱mih var. of yoho̱hmih constant from yohmih

yoka adj captured, imprisoned

yokáchih v 1 to catch, capture 2 to arrest

yokah v to be confined, arrested, caught, captured i̱ yoka n a person who is dependent on, addicted to, indentured to (someone or something)

yokchonólih var. of yakchinólih

yókih form of ókih

yokópa n the end (of a meeting, church)

yokópachih v to end (a meeting)

yokópah v 1 to adjourn, stop, quit, take a break 2 to get over (a sickness, heartbreak, anger) var. yikópah

yokpa var. of yoppa

yokpa áyikbih v to make fun of, ridicule

yokpa ikbi n comedy, comedian

yokpah v 1 to laugh 2 to smile 3 to be happy var. yoppah

yokpalih v to please, make happy, be joyful, be nice

yokpa̱lih v to be nice, pleasing, make happy yokpa̱lit joyfullly, pleasingly, amusingly, happily, nicely

yokpa̱lit joyfullly, pleasingly, amusingly, happily, nicely yokpa̱lih pleasing

yokshammih v older word to have a runny nose, cold, sickness

yola var. of yala grub

yólap n Europe

yolha̱nah var. of walhánah horsefly

yolhílih v to send (two or more) to (a place) see

yolhkan n mole (the animal)

yolhkan chito n elephant

yolollih v to go under, usually crawling

yómi n those, bunch, group short form yo̱ 2

yopih v 1 to bathe, take a bath 2 to swim

yópisáchih v to display, exhibit (something)

yópisah v to go around looking at (a game, fair, etc.), go around visiting (something entertaining), be entertained áyópisa n exhibition, show

yópola n someone that jokes around: joker, jokester, clown

yópolah v to joke

yoppa n laughter, smile var. yokpa

yoppah var. of yokpah

yoshbokólih v to be gray-headed sp. var. yoshkobólih

yoshbonóchih v to curl (hair)

yoshbonólih v to be curly (of hair)

yoshchonólih v to bow

yoshkabáli n haircut

yoshkalálih v to be bald-headed (partially)

yoshkammih v to lust for

yoshkobólih sp. var. of yoshbokólih

yoshkolólih v to be short (in length, of both animates and inanimates) var. yishkololih yoskolólih yostolólih

yoshmilálih v older word to be bald-headed (totally)

yoshóbah v 1 to be confused (of a person or animal) 2 to be lost 3 to be immoral

yoshóbat tahah v to get confused, lost

yoshoblih v to confuse (another person)

yoshomáli n brown

yoshomáli hata n beige, light brown

yoshomáli hatah adj to be beige, light brown

yoshomálih adj to be brown var. yoshshomálih

yoshshomálih var. of yoshomálih be brown

yoshtalinah v to be dizzy

yoshwichálih v to have messy hair

yoshwitílih v to have unruly hair

yoskolólih var. of yoshkolólih

yostolólih var. of yoshkolólih

yót short form of yohmit yohmih

CHAHTA ANNO̱PA MIYA KA̱

Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians

A B Ch F H I K L M N O P S T W Y